Q: What are the eight ways gene expression can be regulated? Please summarize each in one-two sentences
A: There must be some sort of regulation on how much mRNA is translated into proteins after the DNA is…
Q: Of the following choices, which would you suspect is most efficient at changing gene expression…
A: RNAi or RNA Interference: is the mechanism by which gene expression is inhibited at the translation…
Q: Which of the following statements is correct about eukaryotic gene expression?a. mRNAs must have…
A: Transcription is a process in which one strand of DNA known as template strand is known as converted…
Q: In the regulatory switch experiment, which level of gene expression regulation is the focus?…
A: Gen regulation is the method in which there are found different components which are involve in…
Q: Proteins that are always present in the cell are encoded in genes that are __________ expressed,…
A: In a cell, a gene is a segment of DNA that can has instructions to form a protein. Gene expression…
Q: Which of the following is true for both prokaryotic and eukaryotic gene expression? A. After…
A: Gene expression is a process by which the instructions present in nucleotides DNA sequence is…
Q: Beadle and Tatum’s BEST contribution to how gene expression is understood can be summarized as what?…
A: Beadle and Tatum were able to confirm Garrod's hypothesis with the help of genetic and biochemical…
Q: Identify which eukaryotic level of gene regulation is most applicable in the given examples.…
A: The gene regulation can be exercised at different levels where DNA can be packed tightly or loosely…
Q: What does this expression mean? DNA → RNA→ Protein A DNA first turns into RNA; then the…
A: DNA and RNA are genetic material of biological organisms and they store all the genetic information…
Q: Which of the following statament is NOT TRUE about gene expression? a. The expression of genes that…
A: Gene expression is the process where cell uses to produce the molecule it needs by reading the…
Q: there is the statement: "Both stem cells and specialized cells have all the same genes. They differ…
A: Stem cells are a special type of cells found in humans; these cells possess the capability to…
Q: Which of the following statements best describes the effect a nonsense mutation within a gene's…
A: Mutations are the sudden change in the DNA sequence which most likely alters the amino acids encoded…
Q: List the points where eukaryotic gene expression is controlled and prokaryotic gene expression is…
A: Gene regulation result in the on/off of the genes.
Q: Describe and give an example of each of the following levels of gene expression control in…
A: Genes are a set of nucleotides sequence that carries information to be passed on from one generation…
Q: How does the control of gene expression in prokaryotes differ from that of eukaryotes
A: The gene expression the process in which the genetic information present in the DNA (gene) is copied…
Q: List the following steps of gene expression in eukaryotes in chronological order. Also indicate…
A: RNA processing refers to the series of events where the pre-mRNA is converted to mature RNA by…
Q: All cells of the body, with a few exceptions, contain the same genome. What is the name of the…
A: Cells is the structural and functional unit of life. The cell is made up of several organelles and…
Q: Gene expression is initiated largely in response to changes in the ____________________________ in…
A: Gene expression in prokaryotes - It includes both the process transcription as well as translation…
Q: Regulation of gene expression is necessary because: A) all cells do not need to express all genes…
A: Gene expression is the process by which the instructions in our DNA are converted into a functional…
Q: a decrease in expression. It will cause an increase in expression. It will cause the methylation of…
A: Histone acetylation is the process by which the lysine residues within the N-terminal tail arising…
Q: The most common type of regulation of gene expression occurs at the level of transcription. Name…
A: • Regulation of gene expression can occur at, 1) Post - transcription level by miRNA or siRNA 2)…
Q: The cell is triggered to make insulin when a glucose molecule binds to a receptor on the surface of…
A: The endocrine system commands and coordinates the complex actions of the body by secreting chemical…
Q: Which level of gene expression regulation is used in eukaryotes, but not bacteria? transcription…
A: Regulation refers to the controlling of the gene expression.
Q: Which of the following gene expression regulatory mechanisms saves the most energy but takes the…
A: Gene regulation expression defines a wide range of molecular mechanisms, that are used by the cell…
Q: Discuss factors that might influence the activity of DNA-binding proteins (transcription factors)…
A: Transcription is that the process where a gene's DNA sequence is copied (transcribed) into an RNA…
Q: noticed that the bacterial gene for actin; which has 375 amino acids, has had a mutation at the 25th…
A: The changes in DNA nucleotides due to environmental conditions like exposure to radiation or UV…
Q: Which of the following statament is NOT TRUE about gene expression?
A: Central dogma consists of replication, transcription and translation.Replication is the process of…
Q: How would a DNA codon sequence influence the shape and the expression of the allele
A: Hello. Since your question has multiple parts, we will solve the first question for you. If you want…
Q: What are the opposing roles of Ubiquitin and Proteosomes versus Chaperone Proteins in the cell in…
A: Proteins are the polymers of amino acids bonded by the peptide bonds. These play important role in…
Q: Which of the following processes regulates the maturation of mRNA from hnRNA (in the control of gene…
A: mRNA In the world of RNA, mRNA is a type of RNA which contains codon in the form of triplets. These…
Q: Explain using specific examples how eukaryotic gene expression might be controlled: At the DNA…
A: Gene expression is the process through which information from a gene is used to create a functioning…
Q: What are the two major processes that allow a gene to be expressed? What is the difference between…
A: Gene expression. Process in which encoding of genetic material take place which contain information…
Q: DNA and RNA are information molecules with different roles in gene expression. List three…
A: DNA means deoxyribo nucleic acid.It is a molecule made up of two polynucleotide chains that are…
Q: Which of the following is true of the timing of RNA processing? The premise is false; mRNA…
A: In the nucleus, a newly made RNA or pre-mRNA also known as a primary transcript is produced via…
Q: Which of the following best explains how the prokaryotic expression of a metabolic protein can be…
A: c.Transcription factors can bind to regulatory sequences to increase RNA polymerase binding.…
Q: You are studying a new type of cancer and you discover that there is a mutation in a gene that…
A: You are studying a new type of cancer and you discover that there is a mutation in a gene that…
Q: The attenuator is an important regulatory sequence that influence gene expression. The attenuator…
A: Attenuation is a type of gene regulation in bacteria used to ensure proper Transcription and…
Q: Choose the statement that correctly characterizes regulated and/or constitutive gene expression.…
A: Gene expression: The process by which a gene is expressed as a functional protein is called gene…
Q: Consider gene expression in a prokaryotic or bacterial cell. Which of the following is true for…
A: The transcription is the process by which RNA is produced from DNA template. The transcription is…
Q: Protein levels and mRNA levels for a particualr gene don’t always match. For example, the GCN4 gene…
A: Sometimes, the levels of protein and mRNA of a particular gene will not match. The mechanism behind…
Q: The figure below shows the distribution of proteins during embryo development in Drosophila. These…
A: The development of the embryo in drosophila is an orderly process of change that is regulated by the…
Q: Which of the following sets of genes are most likely to have pleiotropic effects?…
A: Pleiotropy is defined as a process in which one gene influences two or more two phenotypic traits.…
Q: What determines which transcription factors will be able to regulate a particular gene's expression?…
A: Transcription is the process of making RNA from template strand of DNA.
Q: The production of antibodies is an example of regulation of gene expression at which level?…
A: Gene expression is the process by which gene information is used for the synthesis of functional…
Q: Which of the following is not a general description of the gene expression regulation mechanisms…
A: INTRODUCTION Gene regulation is the process of controlling which genes in a cell's DNA are expressed…
Q: Which of the following describes how gene expression in eukaryotes is different from prokaryotes?…
A: Prokaryotes are small single-celled organisms that lack membrane-bound organelles and nuclei while…
Q: Which method is most likely used to regulate the expression of a gene that is active during…
A: If a gene is active during the embryonic stage but was not active during adult life this means that…
Q: What are two specific and different ways that neurotransmitter signaling at the membrane alters gene…
A: Neurotransmitters affect the post synaptic membrane thus forming either an Excitatory Post Synaptic…
Gene Interactions
When the expression of a single trait is influenced by two or more different non-allelic genes, it is termed as genetic interaction. According to Mendel's law of inheritance, each gene functions in its own way and does not depend on the function of another gene, i.e., a single gene controls each of seven characteristics considered, but the complex contribution of many different genes determine many traits of an organism.
Gene Expression
Gene expression is a process by which the instructions present in deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) are converted into useful molecules such as proteins, and functional messenger ribonucleic (mRNA) molecules in the case of non-protein-coding genes.
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The same regulatory proteins are present in every cell of the body.
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Every cell in the body expresses different genes.
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Every cell in the body expresses the same genes.
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The same regulatory sequences are present in every cell of the body.
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- Which of the following is NOT a reason cells regulate gene expression at a level other than the transcriptional level? Some proteins are only required in part of the cell and transcriptional control will only regulate the mRNA/protein throughout the cell. The core promoter for many genes is the same, so these genes will always be transcribed in the same cells. Differential gene expression in different cell types requires regulation of gene expression at levels other than transcription. Transcription and translation are realtively slow processes, so cells need to regulate gene expression post-transcriptionally if they require a fast change in expression of a gene. Not all cells are transcriptionally active (meaning they do not transcribe any genes), so these cells need to regulate gene expression post-transcriptionally.The most common type of regulation of gene expression occurs at the level of transcription. Name other types of gene regulation for gene expression in eukaryotic cells. Name types of gene regulation unique to eukaryotic cells versus prokaryotic cells.List the following steps of gene expression in eukaryotes in chronological order. Also indicate which events take place in the nucleus and which take place in the cytoplasm. RNA processing, transcription, translation, RNA breakdown into nucleotides
- Given the following schematic for a gene and its associated regulatory regions, answer the following questions by placing the correct letter in the provided blanks please put in the correct letter for the questions What region would provide cell type-specific expression of genes? region What site would significantly increase gene expression rates? = region What region or regions of this gene’s coding sequence are expressed as amino acids = regionMany aspects of gene function can be nicely explained with the one- gene-one-enzyme hypothesis, which states that a gene controls the production of an enzyme. Which of the following findings about gene expression, though, requires an expansion of this simple concept? Non-enzyme proteins are made from genes too. Some genes code for RNA molecules only. Enzymes composed of different polypeptides are coded for by more than one gene. a and c, but not b a, b, and cWhich of the following best explains how the expression of a eukaryotic gene encoding a protein will differ if the gene is expressed in a prokaryotic cell instead of in a eukaryotic cell? No transcript will be made, because eukaryotic DNA cannot be transcribed by prokaryotic RNA polymerase. The protein will be made but will not function, because prokaryotes cannot remove introns. The protein will not be made, because prokaryotes lack the ribosomes necessary for translation. The protein will have a different sequence of amino acids, because prokaryotes use a different genetic code.
- Choose the statement that correctly characterizes regulated and/or constitutive gene expression. Regulated expression refers to gene expression that is either on or off, depending on the physiological or metabolic status of the cell. Constitutive expression refers to gene expression that is either on or off, depending on the physiological or metabolic status of the cell. Constitutive expression refers to gene expression that is always repressed in response to the absence of required nutrients or other metabolic molecules. Regulated expression refers to gene expression that is always on, regardless of the metabolic or physiological conditions in the cell. Regulated and constitutive expression are terms used to describe gene expression in prokaryotes only.Dystrophin is a protein that forms part of a vital protein complex that connects the cytoskeleton of a muscle fiber cell to the extracellular matrix. This connection strengthens and shapes the muscle fibers. Dystrophin is coded by the DMD gene. This is one of the longest human genes known, covering 2,300,000 base pairs (0.08% of the human genome) It is located in chromosome 21. The immature mRNA is 2,100,000 bases long and takes 16 hours to transcribe. It contains 79 exons. The mature mRNA measures 14,000 and codes for a protein with 3,685 amino acids. Abnormal expression of dystrophin leads to severe symptoms like muscle weakness and fatigability, a disease that is called muscular dystrophy. Most patients with muscular dystrophy become wheelchair dependent early in life. Cardiac muscle is also affected which results typically in premature death (~ second or third decade of life). Several mutations in this gene have led to the production of low levels of dystrophin or of a defective,…Consider gene expression in a prokaryotic or bacterial cell. Which of the following is true for transcription in this cell? Select all that apply. During Transcription, the enzyme topoisomerase relaxes negative supercoiling in the DNA strands MRNA can be synthesized by Transcription and at the same time this mRNA can be used for protein synthesis or Translation MRNA has to be processed before leaving the nucleus RNA polymerase requires sigma factor for efficient transcription initiation
- Many aspects of gene function can be nicely explained with the one-gene-one-enzyme hypothesis, which states that a gene controls the production of an enzyme. Which of the following findings about gene expression, though, requires an expansion of this simple concept? Choose an answer below: Non-enzyme proteins are made from genes too. Some genes code for RNA molecules only. Enzymes composed of different polypeptides are coded for by more than one gene. a and c, but not b a, b, and cIS. Alternative splicing has been estimated to occur in more than 95% of multi-exon genes. Which of the following is not an evolutionary advantage of alternative splicing? Alternative splicing increases diversity without increasing genome size Different gene isoforms can be expressed in different tissues Alternative splicing creates shorter mRNA transcripts Different gene isoforms can be expressed during different stages of development.Which specialized gene product is responsible for the fusion of mononucleated skin fibroblasts into multinucleated skeletal muscle cells in humans (a type of positive feedback in gene expression)? the glucocorticoid receptor protein the antennapedia protein the PAX-6 protein the MyoD protein the Ey protein