Consider the now dominant variant of the SARS-CoV-2 called the D614G mutation: (C) Spike Nucleocapsid Membrane S1 subunit S2 subunit Envelope 614 RNA viral genome NTD RBD FP HR1 HR2 TM CT Binding site to ACE2 receptor in human cells N terminal domain S1 Fusion HR2 protein S2 HR1 Transmembrane domain and cytoplasmic tail Trends in Genetics The mutation changes an Aspartate (D, Asp) to a Glycine (G, Gly) at nucleotide position 614 (that's why it's called the D614G mutant) in the S1 subunit of the Spike protein. Using only the information above and a codon table, what are the MRNA codon sequences of the 2019-dominant and 2020-dominant Spike proteins? Note the figure above is not needed to answer the question. Report in 5' to 3' orientation

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Genetics Question about COVID-19

4. Consider the now dominant variant of the SARS-CoV-2 called the D614G mutation:
(A)
(C)
Spike
Nucleocapsid
Membrane
S1 subunit
S2 subunit
Envelope
6141
RNA viral genome
NTD
RBD
FP
HR1
HR2 TM CT
(B)
Binding site to ACE2
receptor in human cells
N terminal
domain
S1
Fusion
HR2
protein
S2
HR1
Transmembrane
domain and
cytoplasmic tail
Trends in Genetics
a) The mutation changes an Aspartate (D, Asp) to a Glycine (G, Gly) at nucleotide position 614
(that's why it's called the D614G mutant) in the S1 subunit of the Spike protein. Using only
the information above and a codon table, what are the mRNA codon sequences of the
2019-dominant and 2020-dominant Spike proteins? Note the figure above is not needed to
answer the question. Report in 5' to 3' orientation
b) What type of substitution is this? In your answer, address the following:
The expected substitution in base sequence (e.g., A → C)
If the mutation is synonymous, nonsynonymous, or a frameshift
If the mutation is a transition or a transversion
c) The mutation increases infectivity by reducing the stability of the Spike protein such that it
can remain in the open conformation more often. The open conformation increases the
chances of binding to the host ACE2 receptor, needed for entering host cells. Does this
information surprise you at this point in the semester? Does it make sense that this mutant
would quickly become the dominant variant across the globe? (Hint: Not trick questions;
easy questions.)
Transcribed Image Text:4. Consider the now dominant variant of the SARS-CoV-2 called the D614G mutation: (A) (C) Spike Nucleocapsid Membrane S1 subunit S2 subunit Envelope 6141 RNA viral genome NTD RBD FP HR1 HR2 TM CT (B) Binding site to ACE2 receptor in human cells N terminal domain S1 Fusion HR2 protein S2 HR1 Transmembrane domain and cytoplasmic tail Trends in Genetics a) The mutation changes an Aspartate (D, Asp) to a Glycine (G, Gly) at nucleotide position 614 (that's why it's called the D614G mutant) in the S1 subunit of the Spike protein. Using only the information above and a codon table, what are the mRNA codon sequences of the 2019-dominant and 2020-dominant Spike proteins? Note the figure above is not needed to answer the question. Report in 5' to 3' orientation b) What type of substitution is this? In your answer, address the following: The expected substitution in base sequence (e.g., A → C) If the mutation is synonymous, nonsynonymous, or a frameshift If the mutation is a transition or a transversion c) The mutation increases infectivity by reducing the stability of the Spike protein such that it can remain in the open conformation more often. The open conformation increases the chances of binding to the host ACE2 receptor, needed for entering host cells. Does this information surprise you at this point in the semester? Does it make sense that this mutant would quickly become the dominant variant across the globe? (Hint: Not trick questions; easy questions.)
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