TRANSCRIPTION The DNA provided for your animal is one side of the double helix. DNA MRNA | 1. Transcribe the DNA strand into mRNA. Don't forget the special base pair rules for RNA! AU TA VERSION 2 i 2. Translate the MRNA into an amino acid chain. Notice that this is broken into 1 i nucleotide sequences called CODONS. Use the codon chart to find the i correct amino acids. Remember, translation for each chain always starts with the amino acid methionine (Met) and ends with one of the stop codons (UGA, UAG, UAA). C G G C DNA TAC TGG GGT GIC CTC TAG CTA ATC TAC IGG ACG CcC ACC GG T ATG ATT MRNA AA DNA TAC CAT TAC C GT Ccc TC G GIT ATC TAC A AC AGG CCT ITG GCI CcG ACT MRNA AA DNA TAC ITG GTT CIC CTG TCT ACA A CcT TAC CAT CGA T TG GGG IGT TAG ATC MRNA AA

TRANSCRIPTION The DNA provided for your animal is one side of the double helix. DNA MRNA | 1. Transcribe the DNA strand into mRNA. Don't forget the special base pair rules for RNA! AU TA VERSION 2 i 2. Translate the MRNA into an amino acid chain. Notice that this is broken into 1 i nucleotide sequences called CODONS. Use the codon chart to find the i correct amino acids. Remember, translation for each chain always starts with the amino acid methionine (Met) and ends with one of the stop codons (UGA, UAG, UAA). C G G C DNA TAC TGG GGT GIC CTC TAG CTA ATC TAC IGG ACG CcC ACC GG T ATG ATT MRNA AA DNA TAC CAT TAC C GT Ccc TC G GIT ATC TAC A AC AGG CCT ITG GCI CcG ACT MRNA AA DNA TAC ITG GTT CIC CTG TCT ACA A CcT TAC CAT CGA T TG GGG IGT TAG ATC MRNA AA

Biochemistry

6th Edition

ISBN:9781305577206

Author:Reginald H. Garrett, Charles M. Grisham

Publisher:Reginald H. Garrett, Charles M. Grisham

Chapter30: Protein Synthesis

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 17P: Exploring the Structure of the 30S Ribosomal Subunit Go to www.pdh.org and bring up PDB file 1GIX,...

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Question

TRANSCRIPTION
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The DNA provided for your animal is one side of the double helix.
DNA - MRNA
1. Transcribe the DNA strand into mRNA. Don't forget the special base pair
ham
AU
rules for RNA!
VERSION 2
TA
Fuentes-
2. Translate the mRNA into an amino acid chain. Notice that this is broken into 1
i nucleotide sequences called CODONS. Use the codon chart to find the
i correct amino acids. Remember, translation for each chain always starts with the
amino acid methionine (Met) and ends with one of the stop codons (UGA, UAG, UAA).
C G
G C
ity you
Co deter
y Fuentes-
code
DNA
TAC
TGG GGT
GT C
стс
TAG CTA ATC
TAC IG G AC G
cCc
ACC
GGT
ATG
ΑΤΤ
thousar
ytakes
And se
MRNA
d or create
AA
Turn in
1l tables
DNA
TAC
CAT
TAC
C GT
CCC
TC G
GT T
AT C
TAC
AAC
AGG
CCT
TT G
GC T
CCG ACT
MRNA
thesis
nments
AA
to Sean Che
comme
DNA
TAC TTG
GT T
CT C
CT G
тст
ACA ACT
TAC
CAT
CGA TTG GGG
T G T
TAG ATC
S comm
MRNA
AA
Decide if you want to illustrate a horse, coyote, or a cat - get the phenotype information from your teacher.

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The AUC and AUA codons in mRNA both specify isoleucine. What feature of the genetic code explains this? complementarity nonsense codons universality degeneracy
Given the following mRNA, write the double-stranded DNA segment that served as the template. Indicate both the 5 and the 3 ends of both DNA strands. Also write out the tRNA anticodons and the amino acid sequence of the protein encoded by the mRNA message. DNA: mRNA: 5-CCGCAUGUUCAGUGGGCGUAAACACUGA-3 protein: tRNA:
Using Figures 8.7 and 8.9 as a guide, draw a dinucleotide composed of C and A. Next to this, draw the complementary dinucleotide in an antiparallel fashion. Connect the dinucleotides with the appropriate hydrogen bonds. FIGURE 8.9 The two polynucleotide chains in DNA run in opposite directions. The left strand runs 5 to 3, and the right strand runs 3 to 5. The base sequences in each strand are complementary. An A in one strand pairs with a T in the other strand, and a C in one strand is paired with a G in the opposite strand. FIGURE 8.7 Nucleotides can be joined together to form chains caled polynucleotides. Polynucleotides are polar molecules with a 5 end (at the phosphate group) and a 3 end (at the sugar group). An RNA polynucleotide is shown at the left, and a DNA polynucleotide is shown at the right.
VISUALIZE Sketch a pyrimidine nucleotide subunit that would be found only in RNA. Circle and label the three components that make up this type of nucleotide. Explain what changes in the functional groups of this subunit would have to occur for it to be found in a DNA molecule.
A scientist introduces a mutation that makes the 60S ribosomal subunit nonfunctional in a human cell line. What would be the predicted effect on translation? Translation stalls after the initiation AUG codon is identified The ribosome cannot catalyze the formation of peptide bonds between the tRNAs in the A and P sites The ribosome cannot interact with mRNAs tRNAs cannot exit the E site of the ribosome.
Up to ______ amino adds can be encoded by an mRNA that consists of 45 nucleotides plus a stop codon. a. 15 b. 45 c. 90 d. 135
Codon-Anticodon Recognition: Base-Pairing Possibilities (Integrates with Chapter 11.) Draw base-pair structures for (a) a G:C base pair. (b) a C:G base pair. (C) a G:U base pair, and (d) a U:G base pair. Note how these various base pairs differ in the potential hydrogen-bonding patterns they present within the major groove and minor groove of a double-helical nucleic acid.
Given the following tRNA anticodon sequence, derive the mRNA and the DNA template strand. Also, write out the amino acid sequence of the protein encoded by this message. tRNA: UAC UCU CGA GGC mRNA: protein: How many hydrogen bonds would be present in the DNA segment?
In cells, most RNA molecules are ___ ; most DNA molecules are ___ . a. single-stranded; double-stranded b. double-stranded; single-stranded
Below is a sequence of 540 bases from a genome. What information would you use to find the beginnings and ends of open reading frames? How many open reading frames can you find in this sequence? Which open reading frame is likely to represent a protein- coding sequence, and why? Which are probably not functioning protein-coding sequences, and why? Note: for simplicitys sake, analyze only this one strand of the DNA double helix, reading from left to right, so you will only be analyzing three of the six reading frames shown in Figure 19.4.
Figure 28.41 gives some examples of recombination in IgG codons 95 and 96, as specified by the Vkand Jkgenes. List the codon possibilities and the amino acids encoded if recombination occurred in codon 97. Which of these possibilities is less desirable?
RNA differs from DNA because: a. RNA may contain the pyrimidine uracil, and DNA does not. b. RNA is always single-stranded when functioning, and DNA isalways double-stranded. c. the pentose sugar in RNA has one less O atom than thepentose sugar in DNA. d. RNA is more stable and is broken down by enzymes lesseasily than DNA. e. RNA is a much larger molecule than DNA.