CHM 101L M5 Equilibrium and LeChatlier Lab Report
docx
keyboard_arrow_up
School
Southern New Hampshire University *
*We aren’t endorsed by this school
Course
101L
Subject
Chemistry
Date
Feb 20, 2024
Type
docx
Pages
8
Uploaded by CountWorld12585
Equilibrium and Le Chatelier’s Principle
Sara Rigby
02/10/2024
Data
Activities 1, 2, and 3
Data Table 1
Quantity
of
Reagents
Quantity
of
Reagents
Quantity
of
Reagents
Quantity
of
Reagents
Quantity
of
Reagents
Reagent
Test Tube
#1,
Control
Test Tube
#2
Test Tube
#3
Test Tube
#4
Test Tube
#5
Copper (II) Chlorid
e
2.0 mL
2.0 mL
2.0 mL
2.0 mL
2.0 mL
Sodium Chlorid
e
0.0 mL
1.0 mL
2.0 mL
4.0 mL 4.0 mL Color of
Solution
Bright Blue
Blue
Teal
Green
Green
Silver Nitrate
N/A
N/A
1.0 mL
N/A
N/A
Color of
Solution
N/A
N/A
Milky Light
Blue with
White at
Bottom
N/A
N/A
Water
N/A
N/A
N/A
3.0 mL
N/A
Color of
Solution
N/A
N/A
N/A
Light Blue
N/A
© 2016 Carolina Biological Supply Company
Activity 4
Data Table 2
Stress
Water Bath
Temperatur
e (°C)
Solution
Temperatu
re
(°C)
Solution
Color
Direction of
Shift
(reactants or
products) (
or
)
Test tube #4 (Control Solution)
N/A
15
Light Blue
At equilibrium
Hot Water
Bath 65
50
Bright Green
Cold Water
Bath
0
8
Teal
1.
What is the “common ion” that you added to test tubes #2–5?
NaCl or sodium chloride is the common ion that was added to test
tubes 2-5.
2.
How does the common ion affect the equilibrium reaction as the amount of NaCl
solution increases from 1–4 mL?
The greater the amount of NaCl added the more the equilibrium shifts towards the right. 3.
Based upon the color, in which direction does the equilibrium shift? Left
4.
Write an equation showing what happens when AgNO
3
is added, and explain why the equilibrium shifts.
Ag+ - Cl- = AgCl
Cu2+ + 4Cl-
[Cuc4]2-
The equilibrium shifts left towards blue because the addition of the AgNO
3 removes the free Cl- ions.
© 2016 Carolina Biological Supply Company
Your preview ends here
Eager to read complete document? Join bartleby learn and gain access to the full version
- Access to all documents
- Unlimited textbook solutions
- 24/7 expert homework help
5.
Explain the equilibrium shift that occurs when water is added to the original equilibrium reaction.
Cu(H
2
O)
6
2+
(aq) + 4Cl
–
(aq)
CuCl
4
2–
(aq) + 6H
2
O(l)
Blue Green
When more water is added to the original reaction I adds more positive H20 ions so the equilibrium shifts to the right. 6.
Write “heat” on either the left or right side of this equation, based upon observations from the addition and removal of heat in steps 3 and 4, respectively, and the corresponding shifts in equilibrium.
__
heat
___
+ Cu(H
2
O)
6
2+
(aq) + 4Cl
–
(aq)
CuCl
4
2–
(aq) + 6H
2
O(l) + _____
Blue
Green
7.
Given the equilibrium equation for a general reaction, A + B
C + D, explain what happens to the reactants and products from time 0 until the time at which the reaction reaches equilibrium.
The reactants and products are finding balance and when equilibrium is reached the reaction will be settled on the reactant
side of the reaction
8.
Given this reaction at equilibrium, C(s) + CO
2
(g)
2CO(g) (∆H° = 119kJ), explain the changes that would occur when the following stresses are applied or removed for this reaction.
(a) CO is removed. It shifts to the left (b)Heat is added.
It shifts to the right (c) CO
2
is added. It shifts to the right
(d)Heat is removed.
It shifts to the left
Photos
Place the tubes on a white paper with adequate light. Use of white paper as a background will assist with view and color comparisons. Color changes may
be subtle.
© 2016 Carolina Biological Supply Company
Photo 1
Insert the photo of test tubes #1-5 from Activity 1. Be sure you can compare the colors of the solutions in test tubes #2–5 to that in test tube #1. Photo 2
Insert the photo of test tubes #1 and #3 from Activity 2. © 2016 Carolina Biological Supply Company
Photo 3 © 2016 Carolina Biological Supply Company
Your preview ends here
Eager to read complete document? Join bartleby learn and gain access to the full version
- Access to all documents
- Unlimited textbook solutions
- 24/7 expert homework help
Photo 4
Photo 5
© 2016 Carolina Biological Supply Company
© 2016 Carolina Biological Supply Company
Related Documents
Related Questions
Consider the following equilibrium:
Blank 12+ (aq) + 4Cl-(aq) =[BLANK-212- (aq) + 6H₂O (1)
Which direction does the reaction shift by increasing the chloride ion concentration?
Blank 1 Add your answer
arrow_forward
What is the equilibrium constant expression for the reaction?
CH3COOH + C2H5OH <======> CH3COOC2H5 + H2O
arrow_forward
A chemical engineer is studying the following reaction:
H2(g)+I½(g) → 2 HI(g)
At the temperature the engineer picks, the equilibrium constant K, for this reaction is 0.31.
The engineer charges ("fills") three reaction vessels with hydrogen and iodine, and lets the reaction begin. He then measures the composition of the mixture
inside each vessel from time to time. His first set of measurements are shown in the table below.
Predict the changes in the compositions the engineer should expect next time he measures the compositions.
reaction
compound
pressure
expected change in pressure
vessel
H,
3.32 atm
f increase
I decrease
(no change)
A
3.04 atm
f increase
I decrease
(no change)
HI
0.76 atm
f increase
O I decrease
(no change)
H,
3.29 atm
f increase
I decrease
(no change)
В
3.01 atm
f increase
I decrease
(no change)
HI
0.81 atm
f increase
O 1 decrease
O (no change)
arrow_forward
(NH4)2CO3(s) 22 NH3(g) + CO2(g) + H2O(g)
[(NH4)½CO3]
[NH3]
[CO2]
[H2O]
[H2O]
[(NH4)2CO3]
K. =
[NH3]
[CO2]
Build the equilibrium constant expression for the reaction shown.
Step 1.
Drag the reactants and products to the numerator or denominator as appropriate. Click a species to remove it from the expression.
Step 2.
Drag the coefficients to the appropriate species. Click a coefficient to remove it from the expression.
Recheck
Next (5 of 8)
1?nd attemnt
arrow_forward
Lactase is an enzyme that breaks down the sugar lactose which is commonly found in dairy products. Some people develop lactose intolerance as they grow older and the amount of lactase enzyme in their gut diminishes. Since the enzyme is commonly found in the gut of humans it can withstand a pH that is very acidic, ranging from a pH of 2-7. A student decided to do an experiment to determine how the pH of a solution affects lactase enzyme activity. Lactase works by breaking lactose into its two component sugars of glucose and galactose.
To conduct the experiment the student prepared a solution of lactose and placed it into 5 different test tubes. A pH buffer solution was then added to each test tube with a pH of 2.0 in the first tube, 4.0 in the second, 6.0 in the third, 8.0 in the fourth, and a 10 pH in the fifth. Next, the enzyme lactase was added in equal amounts to each test tube and allowed to sit for ten minutes white the enzyme reacted with the lactose. At the end of the ten…
arrow_forward
1.
For each reaction below, indicate in which direction the equilibrium shifts when
the stated stress is applied to the system. Write NC for no change, L for left, and
R for right as an indication of change in the direction of the reaction. Note: Always
work with a balanced chemical equation.
Stress
_1. PCI5 (9) I PCI3 (9) + Cl2 (9) + heat
temperature decrease
2. CO (9) + Fe3O4(s) I CO2 (g) + 3FeO(s)
volume increase
3. Heat + H2 (g) + 12 (9) | 2Hl(g)
temperature increase
_4. N2 (g) + 3H2 (g) | 2 NH3 (g)
pressure decrease
5. NO(g) + O2 (g) I N2O3 (9)
concentration increase
arrow_forward
Write the basic equilibrium equation for (CH3)2NH. Be sure to include the
proper phases for all species within the reaction.
1
U
+
4
2
0₂
Reset
(
H₂O
3
)
4 5
→
(CH3)2NH
OH-
5
6
6
(s)
2+
7
N
H3O+
3+ 4+
8 9 0
☐o
(1)
• H₂O
9
(g)) (aq)
H
Delete
arrow_forward
Solve correctly please.
(Gpt/ai wrong answer not allowed)
arrow_forward
Write the equation for the equilibrium constant (K) of the reaction studied in this exercise.
2CrO4 2- (aq) + 2H+ (aq) = Cr₂O72- (aq) + H₂O(1)
1E T²
B
1
U
T₂
0 Word(s)
arrow_forward
please help with this question. it's not an assay, but calculation. thanks
arrow_forward
2MnO4−+5H2C2O4+6H+⟶2Mn2++10CO2+8H2O Reaction : Permanganate Ion Reduced by Oxalic Acid If you increase the concentration of oxalic acid in an experiment, what will the molecules and ions be doing? (Simply trying to determine how it will be effected because I don't understand what it would be doing. In the experiment I did, it took longer to notice any changes occur in the color of the test I was doing. )
arrow_forward
Nitrous acid (HNO2) is an essentially nonvolatile acid that ionizes in water with an equilibrium constant of 4 x 10-4 mol/liter. Assume that 10 mmol of nitrous acid are added to a liter of water that is open to the atmosphere.a. List all chemical species that you expect to occur in the water. For which of these do you know the concentration a priori? (you may assume the water has reached equilibrium with the air, and therefore H2CO3* concentration is approximately 12 mM, per Henry’s law)b. Write every equation that constrains the composition of the system at equilibrium identifying each as a mass conservation, mass action, or electroneutrality constraint.
arrow_forward
. Use stoichiometry to determine the equilibrium [Fe3+] and [SCN-] in each test tube.
y = 6170.7x - 0.0153
Solution
0.002M iron(III) nitrate in 1M nitric acid(mL)
0.002M potassium thiocyanate(mL)
DI water(mL)
Absorbance(A)
1
3
2
1
0.128
2
2
3
1
0.269
arrow_forward
11. Given the following equilibria and equibrium constants:
1/2 N₂ (g) + 1/2 O₂ (g)
NO (g)
Kc = 4.8 × 10-10
2 NO₂ (g)
2 NO(g) + O₂(g)
Kc = 1.1 x 10-5
|
a. What is the value of Ke for the following reaction? Show your work!
2 NO₂ (g)
N₂ (g) + 2 O₂ (g)
Kc =
b. In a container, [NO₂] = [N₂] = [0₂] = 1.000 × 10-5 M. Prove or disprove that
the mixture in the container is at equilibrium. If the mixture is not at equilibrium,
explain which species will change concentration, and how those concentrations
will change.
arrow_forward
Use the systematic treatment of equilibrium to
calculate the concentration of Ba2+ in acidic
solution, if its concentration is governed by
the following equilibria -
BaSO4(s) → Ba2+ + SO2-4
Ksp = 1.1 x 10-10
SO2-4 +H2O → HSO-4 +OH-
Kb = 9.8 x 10-13
Ba2+ + SO2-4 → BaSO4(aq)
Kf = 1.9 x 101
Hint: Since the pH is fixed at 1.89, the charge
balance is invalidated. Use the mass balance
for your calculation.
arrow_forward
2. Which of the following statements about reaction quotient (Qc) is FALSE?
a. The equation used is aA + bB is reversible by cC + dD
B. It is used to determine if chemical equilibrium is
C. If Qc < Kc, the products dominate in the chemical
D. If chemical equilibrium is not achieved, Qc is used to determine where the direction of reaction will proceed in order to attain the
3. If the computed Kc of an unknown compound is equal to 3, where does chemical equilibrium lie?
a. center b. left C. right D. left to right
arrow_forward
Use the data provided to answer the question
arrow_forward
2
arrow_forward
2. Is the following equilibrium reaction homogeneous or hetero-
geneous?
CaF₂ (s)
Ca²+ (aq) + 2F- (aq) + heat
3. Write the equilibrium constant expression for the reaction
CaF₂ (s) Ca²+ (aq) + 2F- (aq) + heat.
2
arrow_forward
Write the equilibrium constant expression for the following reaction:C6H12O6(s)+6O2(g)↔6CO2(g)+6H2O(g)
a. [H2O]^6 / [C6H12O6][O2]^6
b. [CO2]^6[H2O]^6 / [C6H12O6]
c. ([CO2]^ 6 / [C6H12O6][O2]^6
d. None of these.
e. [CO2]^6[H2O]^6 / [O2]6
arrow_forward
4a. The solubility product for Ag3PO4:
Ag3PO4(s)
3Ag+ + PO
is L₁ = 8.9 × 10-17 M².
The solubility product for Ag2CrO4:
Ag2CrO4(s) 2Ag+ + Cro
is L2
=
1.1 × 10-12 M³.
Calculate, based on this, the equilibrium constant K for the following equilibrium:
3Ag2CrO4(s) + 2PO¾¼¯¯ ↔ 2Ag¸PO4(s) + 3Cro²¯¯
4b. Calculate the concentration of Sn²+ and the pH in water shaken to
equilibrium with Sn(OH)2(s). The solubility product for Sn(OH)2 is L =
5.5 × 10-27M³. The ion product of water Kw 1.0 × 10-14 M².
=
4c. Calculate the concentration of Y³+ and the pH in water shaken to
equilibrium with Y(OH)3(s). The solubility product for Y(OH) 3 is L =
1.0 x 10-22 M².
arrow_forward
Please answer question 2 abc just send me the paper solutions ASAP
arrow_forward
At equilibrium, the concentration of N2 is 5.32x10-3 M, O2 is 3.28 x10-3 M and that of NO is 6.19 x10-6 M. Evaluate the equilibrium constant for this reaction.
arrow_forward
Determine the equilibrium constant for the following and whether it is product or reactant favored
2A +B <--> 3C
the concentration of A at equilibrium is 1 M
the concentration of B at equilibrium is 1 M
the concentration of C at equilibrium is 3 M
arrow_forward
SEE MORE QUESTIONS
Recommended textbooks for you
Chemistry: The Molecular Science
Chemistry
ISBN:9781285199047
Author:John W. Moore, Conrad L. Stanitski
Publisher:Cengage Learning
Related Questions
- Consider the following equilibrium: Blank 12+ (aq) + 4Cl-(aq) =[BLANK-212- (aq) + 6H₂O (1) Which direction does the reaction shift by increasing the chloride ion concentration? Blank 1 Add your answerarrow_forwardWhat is the equilibrium constant expression for the reaction? CH3COOH + C2H5OH <======> CH3COOC2H5 + H2Oarrow_forwardA chemical engineer is studying the following reaction: H2(g)+I½(g) → 2 HI(g) At the temperature the engineer picks, the equilibrium constant K, for this reaction is 0.31. The engineer charges ("fills") three reaction vessels with hydrogen and iodine, and lets the reaction begin. He then measures the composition of the mixture inside each vessel from time to time. His first set of measurements are shown in the table below. Predict the changes in the compositions the engineer should expect next time he measures the compositions. reaction compound pressure expected change in pressure vessel H, 3.32 atm f increase I decrease (no change) A 3.04 atm f increase I decrease (no change) HI 0.76 atm f increase O I decrease (no change) H, 3.29 atm f increase I decrease (no change) В 3.01 atm f increase I decrease (no change) HI 0.81 atm f increase O 1 decrease O (no change)arrow_forward
- (NH4)2CO3(s) 22 NH3(g) + CO2(g) + H2O(g) [(NH4)½CO3] [NH3] [CO2] [H2O] [H2O] [(NH4)2CO3] K. = [NH3] [CO2] Build the equilibrium constant expression for the reaction shown. Step 1. Drag the reactants and products to the numerator or denominator as appropriate. Click a species to remove it from the expression. Step 2. Drag the coefficients to the appropriate species. Click a coefficient to remove it from the expression. Recheck Next (5 of 8) 1?nd attemntarrow_forwardLactase is an enzyme that breaks down the sugar lactose which is commonly found in dairy products. Some people develop lactose intolerance as they grow older and the amount of lactase enzyme in their gut diminishes. Since the enzyme is commonly found in the gut of humans it can withstand a pH that is very acidic, ranging from a pH of 2-7. A student decided to do an experiment to determine how the pH of a solution affects lactase enzyme activity. Lactase works by breaking lactose into its two component sugars of glucose and galactose. To conduct the experiment the student prepared a solution of lactose and placed it into 5 different test tubes. A pH buffer solution was then added to each test tube with a pH of 2.0 in the first tube, 4.0 in the second, 6.0 in the third, 8.0 in the fourth, and a 10 pH in the fifth. Next, the enzyme lactase was added in equal amounts to each test tube and allowed to sit for ten minutes white the enzyme reacted with the lactose. At the end of the ten…arrow_forward1. For each reaction below, indicate in which direction the equilibrium shifts when the stated stress is applied to the system. Write NC for no change, L for left, and R for right as an indication of change in the direction of the reaction. Note: Always work with a balanced chemical equation. Stress _1. PCI5 (9) I PCI3 (9) + Cl2 (9) + heat temperature decrease 2. CO (9) + Fe3O4(s) I CO2 (g) + 3FeO(s) volume increase 3. Heat + H2 (g) + 12 (9) | 2Hl(g) temperature increase _4. N2 (g) + 3H2 (g) | 2 NH3 (g) pressure decrease 5. NO(g) + O2 (g) I N2O3 (9) concentration increasearrow_forward
- Write the basic equilibrium equation for (CH3)2NH. Be sure to include the proper phases for all species within the reaction. 1 U + 4 2 0₂ Reset ( H₂O 3 ) 4 5 → (CH3)2NH OH- 5 6 6 (s) 2+ 7 N H3O+ 3+ 4+ 8 9 0 ☐o (1) • H₂O 9 (g)) (aq) H Deletearrow_forwardSolve correctly please. (Gpt/ai wrong answer not allowed)arrow_forwardWrite the equation for the equilibrium constant (K) of the reaction studied in this exercise. 2CrO4 2- (aq) + 2H+ (aq) = Cr₂O72- (aq) + H₂O(1) 1E T² B 1 U T₂ 0 Word(s)arrow_forward
- please help with this question. it's not an assay, but calculation. thanksarrow_forward2MnO4−+5H2C2O4+6H+⟶2Mn2++10CO2+8H2O Reaction : Permanganate Ion Reduced by Oxalic Acid If you increase the concentration of oxalic acid in an experiment, what will the molecules and ions be doing? (Simply trying to determine how it will be effected because I don't understand what it would be doing. In the experiment I did, it took longer to notice any changes occur in the color of the test I was doing. )arrow_forwardNitrous acid (HNO2) is an essentially nonvolatile acid that ionizes in water with an equilibrium constant of 4 x 10-4 mol/liter. Assume that 10 mmol of nitrous acid are added to a liter of water that is open to the atmosphere.a. List all chemical species that you expect to occur in the water. For which of these do you know the concentration a priori? (you may assume the water has reached equilibrium with the air, and therefore H2CO3* concentration is approximately 12 mM, per Henry’s law)b. Write every equation that constrains the composition of the system at equilibrium identifying each as a mass conservation, mass action, or electroneutrality constraint.arrow_forward
arrow_back_ios
SEE MORE QUESTIONS
arrow_forward_ios
Recommended textbooks for you
- Chemistry: The Molecular ScienceChemistryISBN:9781285199047Author:John W. Moore, Conrad L. StanitskiPublisher:Cengage Learning
Chemistry: The Molecular Science
Chemistry
ISBN:9781285199047
Author:John W. Moore, Conrad L. Stanitski
Publisher:Cengage Learning