Bundle: Chemistry for Engineering Stude...3rd EditionLawrence S. Brown, Tom Holme Publisher: Cengage LearningISBN: 9781305367388
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Solutions for Bundle: Chemistry for Engineering Students, 3rd, Loose-Leaf + OWLv2 with QuickPrep 24-Months Printed Access Card
Problem 2CO:
. explain the concept of entropy in your own words.Problem 4CO:
. state the second law of thermodynamics in words and equations and use it to predict spontaneity.Problem 10.6PAE:
Use the web to learn how many pounds of plastics are re cycled in your area each year. How has this...Problem 10.7PAE:
On the basis of your experience, predict which of the following reactions are spontaneous. (a)...Problem 10.8PAE:
In the thermodynamic definition of a spontaneous process, why is it important that the phrase...Problem 10.9PAE:
1f the combustion of butane is spontaneous, how can you carry a butane lighter safely in your pocket...Problem 10.10PAE:
Identify each of the processes listed as spontaneous or nons-pontaneous. For each nonspontaneous...Problem 10.11PAE:
Identify each of the processes listed as spontaneous or non-spontaneous. For each non spontaneous...Problem 10.12PAE:
Athletic trainers use instant ice packs that can be cooled quickly on demand. Squeezing the pact...Problem 10.13PAE:
Are any of the following exothermic processes not spontaneous under any circumstances? (a) Snow...Problem 10.14PAE:
Enthalpy changes often help predict whether or not a process will be spontaneous. What type of...Problem 10.16PAE:
Murphy's law is a whimsical rule that says that anything that can go wrong will go wrong. But in an...Problem 10.20PAE:
Some games include dice with more than six sides. If you roll two eight-sided dice, with faces...Problem 10.21PAE:
How does probability relate to spontaneity?Problem 10.23PAE:
For each pair of items, tell which has the higher entropy and explain why. (a) Item 1, a sample of...Problem 10.26PAE:
For each process, tell whether the entropy change of the system is positive or negative, (a) A...Problem 10.27PAE:
Without doing a calculation, predict whether the entropy change will be positive or negative when...Problem 10.28PAE:
For the following chemical reactions, predict the sign of S for the system. (Note that this should...Problem 10.33PAE:
According to Lambert, leaves lying in the yard and playing cards that are in disarray on a table...Problem 10.37PAE:
One statement of the second law of thermodynamics is that heat cannot be turned completely into...Problem 10.39PAE:
How does the second law of thermodynamics explain a spontaneous change in a system that becomes more...Problem 10.42PAE:
Which reaction occurs with the greater increase in entropy? Explain your reasoning. (a)...Problem 10.43PAE:
Which reaction occurs with the greater increase in entropy? Explain your reasoning. (a)...Problem 10.44PAE:
Methanol is burned as fuel in some race cars. This makes it clear that the reaction is spontaneous...Problem 10.45PAE:
Limestone is predominantly CaCO3, which can undergo the reaction CaCO3(s)CaO(s)+CO2(g). We know from...Problem 10.46PAE:
Suppose that you find out that a system has an absolute entropy of zero. What else can you conclude...Problem 10.47PAE:
Use tabulated thermodynamic data to calculate the standard entropy change of each of the reactions...Problem 10.49PAE:
Calculate S for the dissolution of magnesium chloride: MgCl2(s)Mg2+(aq)+2Cl(aq) . Use your...Problem 10.50PAE:
Calculate the standard entropy change for the reaction CO2(g)+2H2O(l)CH4(g)+2O2(g) . What does the...Problem 10.51PAE:
Through photosynthesis, plants build molecules of sugar containing several carbon atoms from carbon...Problem 10.52PAE:
Find websites describing two different attempts to reach the coldest temperature on record. What...Problem 10.55PAE:
A beaker of water at 400 C(on the left in the drawing) and a beaker of ice water at 0 C are placed...Problem 10.56PAE:
Describe why it is easier to use Gto determine the spontaneity of a process rather than S uProblem 10.57PAE:
Under what conditions does G allow us to predict whether a process is spontaneous?Problem 10.58PAE:
There is another free energy state function, the Helmholtz free energy (A), defined as A = E — TS....Problem 10.59PAE:
10.45 Calculate G at 45°C for reactions for which (a) H = 293 kJ; S= -695 J/K (b) H= -1137 kJ; S =...Problem 10.60PAE:
10.46 Discuss the effect of temperature change on the spontaneity of the following reactions at 1...Problem 10.61PAE:
The reaction CO2(g)+H2(g)CO(g)+H2O(g) is not spontaneous at room temperature but becomes spontaneous...Problem 10.64PAE:
For the reaction NO(g)+NO2(g)N2O3(g) , use tabulated thermodynamic data to calculate H and S. Then...Problem 10.65PAE:
10.51 The combustion of acetylene was used in welder's torches for many years because it produces a...Problem 10.66PAE:
Natural gas (methane) is being used in experimental vehicles as a clean-burning fuel. (a) Write the...Problem 10.67PAE:
Silicon forms a series of compounds analogous to the al-kanes and having the general formula...Problem 10.68PAE:
Explain why Gf of O2 (g) is zero.Problem 10.69PAE:
Using tabulated thermodynamic data, calculate G for these reactions. (a) Fe(s)+2HCl(g)FeCl2(s)+H2(g)...Problem 10.71PAE:
Calculate G for the dissolution of both sodium chloride and silver chloride using data from Appendix...Problem 10.72PAE:
Phosphorus exists in multiple solid phases, including two known as red phosphorus and white...Problem 10.73PAE:
10.59 The normal melting point of benzene, C6H6, is 5.5°C. For the process of melting solid benzene,...Problem 10.75PAE:
Estimate the temperature range over which each of the following reactions is spontaneous. (a)...Problem 10.76PAE:
Recall that incomplete combustion of fossil fuels occurs when too little oxygen is present and...Problem 10.77PAE:
During polymerization, the system usually becomes more ordered as monomers link together. Could an...Problem 10.80PAE:
The recycling of polymers represents only one industrial process that allows creating order in one...Problem 10.81PAE:
Diethyl ether is a liquid at normal temperature and pressure, and it boils at 35 C. Given that H is...Problem 10.82PAE:
Calculate the entropy change, S , for the vaporization of ethanol, C2H5OH, at the boiling point of...Problem 10.83PAE:
Gallium metal has a melting point of 29.8°C. Use the information below to estimate the boiling point...Problem 10.84PAE:
Methane can be produced from CO and H2.The process might be done in two steps, as shown below, with...Problem 10.85PAE:
10.85 Iodine is not very soluble in water, but it dissolves readily in a solution containing iodide...Problem 10.86PAE:
The enthalpy of vaporization for water is 40.65 kJ mol-1. As a design engineer for a project in a...Problem 10.87PAE:
Determine whether each of the following statements is true or false. If false, modify to make the...Problem 10.88PAE:
Nickel metal reacts with carbon monoxide to form tetra-carbonyl nickel, Ni(CO)4:...Problem 10.89PAE:
Polyethylene has a heat capacity of 2,3027 J g-1 °C-1. You need to decide if 1.0 ounce of...Problem 10.90PAE:
A key component in many chemical engineering designs is the separation of mixtures of chemicals. (a)...Problem 10.91PAE:
The reaction shown below is involved in the refining of iron. (The table that follows provides all...Problem 10.92PAE:
Using only the data given below, determine G for the following reaction: NO(g)+O(g)NO2(g) (Remember...Problem 10.93PAE:
The graph below shows G as a function of temperature for the synthesis of ammonia from nitrogen and...Problem 10.99PAE:
Thermodynamics provides a way to interpret everyday occurrences. If you live in northern climates,...Problem 10.101PAE:
10.101 Fluorine reacts with liquid water to form gaseous hydrogen fluoride and oxygen. (a) Write a...Browse All Chapters of This Textbook
Chapter 1 - Introduction To ChemistryChapter 2 - Atoms And MoleculesChapter 3 - Molecules, Moles, And Chemical EquationsChapter 4 - StoichiometryChapter 5 - GasesChapter 6 - The Periodic Table And Atomic StructureChapter 7 - Chemical Bonding And Molecular StructureChapter 8 - Molecules And MaterialsChapter 9 - Energy And ChemistryChapter 10 - Entropy And The Second Law Of Thermodynamics
Sample Solutions for this Textbook
We offer sample solutions for Bundle: Chemistry for Engineering Students, 3rd, Loose-Leaf + OWLv2 with QuickPrep 24-Months Printed Access Card homework problems. See examples below:
The increase in application of the aluminum is due to its properties such as strength,...Chapter 1, Problem 1.46PAEChapter 1, Problem 1.47PAEChapter 1, Problem 1.59PAEChapter 1, Problem 1.89PAEChapter 2, Problem 1CODue to isotopes of an element we cannot define atomic mass of the element. Each isotope is present...Place the ion in proper manner cation first then anion. Formation of cation from calcium atom:...Chapter 2, Problem 2.19PAE
In the periodic table, elements increase in metallic nature when approaching the “left” side of the...Chapter 3, Problem 1COChapter 3, Problem 3.16PAEChapter 3, Problem 3.34PAEChapter 3, Problem 3.35PAEChapter 3, Problem 3.43PAEChapter 3, Problem 3.64PAEChapter 3, Problem 3.65PAEChapter 3, Problem 3.66PAEMolarity is defined as the number of moles of solute in 1 L of solution. The final solution is 0.45...Chapter 3, Problem 3.98PAEChapter 4, Problem 1COChapter 4, Problem 4.7PAEChapter 4, Problem 4.10PAEChapter 4, Problem 4.14PAEChapter 4, Problem 4.15PAEChapter 4, Problem 4.26PAEChapter 4, Problem 4.31PAEChapter 4, Problem 4.49PAEChapter 4, Problem 4.72PAEGiven information: Total mass of Alloy = 7.264 g Total mass of H2(g) released out = 0.3284 g...Chapter 4, Problem 4.87PAEReactions given below take place to result the given products....The physical properties of gases are as follows: The gases have no fixed shape and volume. The...Chapter 5, Problem 5.33PAEChapter 5, Problem 5.43PAEChapter 5, Problem 5.47PAEChapter 5, Problem 5.65PAENo of moles of gas =mass of gas molar mass of CH4 =15.0 g16.0 g/m ( mass of CH4( given)=15.0 g)molar...The ideal gas equation is as follows: PV=nRT Or, PV=(mM) RT Or, M=mRT/PV =( 2.298 g)( 0.0821 atm...Chapter 5, Problem 5.89PAEThus, total number of moles = [0.40+0.50+0.30] mol = 1.20 mol = N1 As given total pressure = P = 740...Step 1: Write the chemical equation The SO2 and O2 react to produce SO3 according to the equation: 2...Chapter 5, Problem 5.103PAEChapter 6, Problem 1COChapter 6, Problem 16COPauli’s exclusion principle and Hund’s rule are useful in writing electronic configurations of atoms...Chapter 6, Problem 6.17PAEλ=( hCE)h=6.634×10−34JsC=3×108m/sE=6.0×10−19J Putting these values in above equation you get λ=(...Chapter 6, Problem 6.42PAEAtomic radius is the distance between center of nucleus and outermost electron shell. Atomic radius...Chapter 6, Problem 6.85PAEChapter 6, Problem 6.86PAEChapter 7, Problem 1COChapter 7, Problem 7.72PAEThe electronic configuration of I is [Kr]4d105s25p5. In the excited state, the configuration becomes...The electronic configuration of P is 3s23p33d0. In the excited state, the configuration becomes...The electronic configuration of Xeis 4d105s25p65d0. In the excited state, the configuration becomes...Chapter 7, Problem 7.76PAEIn the structure of diamond each carbon atom is linked to four other carbon atoms forming a three...1 metric ton of silicon = 106 gm of silicon. On conversion of 106 gm of silicon to moles of silicon,...1 metric ton of silicon = 106 gm of silicon. On conversion of 106 gm of silicon to moles of silicon,...Chapter 9, Problem 1COChapter 9, Problem 9.15PAEChapter 9, Problem 9.16PAEChapter 9, Problem 9.37PAEChapter 9, Problem 9.48PAEChapter 9, Problem 9.52PAEChapter 9, Problem 9.55PAEChapter 9, Problem 9.58PAEChapter 9, Problem 9.79PAEChapter 9, Problem 9.85PAEThe given reaction is: 3CO2(g)+Si3N4(s)→2SiO2(s)+2N2(g)+3C(s) Reaction enthalpy can be calculated...1 barrel of oil can produce 19.5 gallons = 73815.5 mL of gasoline We know, 1 gallon = 3785.41 mL...The causes to obstacles in the recovery and recycling of plastic solid waste in terms of economic,...Based on the thermodynamics third law, ’At absolute zero of temperature, the entropy of every...Chapter 10, Problem 10.47PAEChapter 10, Problem 10.69PAEThe change in Gibbs free energy of a reaction is calculated as follows: ΔG0 = sum of ΔG0 (product) -...Chapter 10, Problem 10.75PAEChapter 10, Problem 10.76PAEChapter 10, Problem 10.84PAEChapter 10, Problem 10.88PAEChapter 10, Problem 10.91PAEChapter 10, Problem 10.101PAEChapter 10, Problem 10.102PAEOzone also formed at ground level but the mechanism and kinetics are very different from that in...Chapter 11, Problem 11.6PAEChapter 11, Problem 11.20PAEChapter 11, Problem 11.24PAEChapter 11, Problem 11.30PAEChapter 11, Problem 11.33PAEChapter 11, Problem 11.35PAEChapter 11, Problem 11.36PAEChapter 11, Problem 11.49PAEGiven Information: The table containing the total pressures in the reaction vessel during the...Chapter 11, Problem 11.57PAEO(g)+N2(g)→NO(g)+ N(g) The rate of the equation for the reaction can be written as follows. R= −k...Chapter 11, Problem 11.70PAE(a) The molar ratio of the reactant molecules, products in balance equation is called stoichiometry....Chapter 12, Problem 1COUsing the formula K = [C]eqc[D]eqd[A]eqa[B]eqb we can calculate the values of equilibrium constants...Chapter 12, Problem 12.36PAEWhen the salt is dissolved in water, it forms the ions. When AgBr is dissolved in water, it...Let solubility of ZnCO3 is 3 then ZnCO 3 ( S ) Zn2+(aq)M C O 3 2− ( aq )M Initial concentration...AgCN(S)⇌Ag+(aq)+CN−(aq)KSP=[Ag+][CN−] Solubility of AgCN is 7.73×10−9M, it means that Concentration...Chapter 12, Problem 12.65PAEChapter 12, Problem 12.67PAECH3COOH(aq)+H2O(l)→CH3COO−(aq)+H3O+(aq) Rate of equilibrium expression...NH3(g)+H2O(l)→NH4+(aq)+OH−(aq) Apply the concept aA+bB⇌cC+dD Rate of equilibrium reaction...The given reaction is as follows:H2(g)+Cl2(g)⇌2HCl(g) First step is to calculate the value of...Here, sulfur dioxide, sodium chloride and water are formed when sodium hydrogen sulfite is reacted...For reaction S(s)+O2(g)⇌SO2(g) Enthalpy change (ΔH0)=ΔHf0[Product]−ΔHf0[Reactants]...There are different types of corrosion: Pitting corrosion: is the most destructive type of...Chapter 13, Problem 3COCell potential in standard condition: Measurement of standard electrode potential of Zn2+/Zn...Chapter 13, Problem 13.26PAEChapter 13, Problem 13.29PAEChapter 13, Problem 13.32PAEIn this reaction, Half-cell reaction at the anode Ga(s)→Ga3+(aq)+3e− Half-cell reaction at the...Chapter 13, Problem 13.39PAEChapter 13, Problem 13.43PAEChapter 13, Problem 13.49PAEChapter 13, Problem 13.104PAEUse the given data to calculate the following: 1st Step: Calculate the total amount of charge...Cosmic rays are divided into mainly three types: galactic cosmic rays, extragalactic cosmic rays and...Because this is an alpha decay, the helium nucleus is ejected with decrease in mass number by 4 and...Atomic numbers of thorium and radium are 90 and 88, respectively. Consider the transformation:...The 232Th radioactive series beginning with 232Th and ending with 208Pb. The sequence occurs as...Given information: The experimentally determined mass of 14C is 14.003242 u. Formula used: E =...Given information: Experimentally determined mass of 7Li is 7.016004 u. Formula used: E = (Δm)c2Δm =...Given information: Experimentally determined mass of 14N is 14.003074 u. Formula used: E = (Δm)c2...Formula used: E = (Δm)c2Δm = Mass defectc = Velocity of light Calculation: Let’s calculate the...92235U+01n→52137Te+4097Zr+201n Apply Einstein’s equation E=Δmc2 Δm= Mass of product − mass of...Write the balanced nuclear reaction. 92235U+01n→3890Sr+54143NP+301n Mass of reactant =mu+mn (putting...The total amount of electrical energy generated by all the nuclear reactors is...Calculating decay constant for A26l as follows: k=0.693t 1 2 k=0.6937.17× 105 yr=9.66×10−7 yr−1 Now,...
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