Experimental Organic Chemistry: A Miniscale & Microscale Approach (Cengage Learning Laboratory Series for Organic Chemistry)
6th Edition
ISBN: 9781305080461
Author: John C. Gilbert, Stephen F. Martin
Publisher: Brooks Cole
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Chapter 9.2, Problem 21E
(a)
Interpretation Introduction
Interpretation:The radial initiation step of light interaction with Freon 12 in the stratosphere needs to be shown.
Concept Introduction : The
(b)
Interpretation Introduction
Interpretation:The radical produced in the reaction and ozone molecule produced a product is to be described.
Concept Introduction : Free radicals are an uncharged molecule having an unpaired valence electron.
These are typically highly reactive and short-lived molecule
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11. The lifetime of the VOC called glyoxal in the atmosphere is controlled by its reaction with the OH radical and photolysis.
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xxxxvi
Methane, CH4, is a potent green house gas.
The only significant sink for methane is its
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СН4 + ОН > CНз + H20
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Chapter 9 Solutions
Experimental Organic Chemistry: A Miniscale & Microscale Approach (Cengage Learning Laboratory Series for Organic Chemistry)
Ch. 9.2 - Prob. 1ECh. 9.2 - Prob. 2ECh. 9.2 - Prob. 3ECh. 9.2 - Prob. 4ECh. 9.2 - Prob. 5ECh. 9.2 - Prob. 6ECh. 9.2 - Prob. 7ECh. 9.2 - Prob. 8ECh. 9.2 - Prob. 9ECh. 9.2 - Prob. 10E
Ch. 9.2 - Prob. 11ECh. 9.2 - Prob. 12ECh. 9.2 - Prob. 13ECh. 9.2 - Prob. 14ECh. 9.2 - Prob. 15ECh. 9.2 - Prob. 16ECh. 9.2 - Prob. 17ECh. 9.2 - Prob. 18ECh. 9.2 - Prob. 19ECh. 9.2 - Prob. 20ECh. 9.2 - Prob. 21ECh. 9.2 - Prob. 22ECh. 9.2 - Prob. 23ECh. 9.2 - Prob. 24ECh. 9.3 - Prob. 1ECh. 9.3 - Prob. 2ECh. 9.3 - Prob. 3ECh. 9.3 - Prob. 4ECh. 9.3 - Prob. 5ECh. 9.3 - Prob. 6ECh. 9.3 - Prob. 7ECh. 9.3 - Prob. 8ECh. 9.3 - Prob. 9ECh. 9.3 - Prob. 10ECh. 9.3 - Prob. 11ECh. 9.3 - Prob. 12ECh. 9.3 - Prob. 13ECh. 9.3 - Prob. 14E
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- 12. Which of the following is the correct mechanism for the elimination reaction of 2bromo-2,3-dimethylbutane with methoxide? Il Br XX(X ||| H A. I B. II Br H OCH 3 OCH 3 X C. III D. IV IV Br -Br OCH3 OCH 3arrow_forwardThe answer is in the bracket. Thank you!!arrow_forward4. Why are most radical reactions considered "propagation" steps?arrow_forward
- но HO HO HO 0 + ½ O, → + H,0 H H но OH ascorbic acid dehydroascorbic acid Vitamin C is oxidized slowly to dehydroascorbic acid by the oxygen in air. It is catalyzed by ions such as Cu*2 and Fe*3. The reaction can be followed by measuring the ultraviolet absorbance at 243 nm. Time (hours) Absorbance (A) 1/A In A - In A 0.75 1.3 -0.29 0.29 1 0.38 2.6 -0.97 0.97 2 0.19 5.3 - 1.7 1.7 3 0.095 11 - 2.4 2.4 29. What is the hybridization of carbon 1 (far left) and carbon 2 (middle) in this hydrocarbon: CH3CH=CH2? (A) sp³, sp (B) sp?, sp? (C) sp³, sp? (D) sp, sp?arrow_forwardA minor route for ozone destruction in the ozone hole involves Mechanism II with bromine as X' and chlorine as X (or vice-versa). The CIO and BrO free radical molecules produced in these processes then collide with each other and rearrange their atoms to eventually yield O, and atomic chlorine and bromine. Write out the mechanism for this process, and add up the steps to determine the overall reaction.arrow_forwardно HO Но HO co + ½ 0, - + H,O H" H но Он ascorbic acid dehydroascorbic acid Vitamin C is oxidized slowly to dehydroascorbic acid by the oxygen in air. It is catalyzed by ions such as Cu*2 and Fe*3. The reaction can be followed by measuring the ultraviolet absorbance at 243 nm. Time (hours) Absorbance (A) 1/A In A - In A 0.75 1.3 -0.29 0.29 1 0.38 2.6 -0.97 0.97 0.19 5.3 - 1.7 1.7 3 0.095 11 - 2.4 2.4 27. Which of the following is the best interpretation of the data given above? (A) The data support a zero-order reaction. (B) The data support a first-order reaction. (C) The data support a second-order reaction. (D) The overall order is third. 28. A new compound is synthesized and found to be a monoprotic acid with a molar mass of 248 g/mole. When 0.0050 moles of this acid are dissolved in 0.500L of water, the pH is measured as 2.94. What is the pk, of this acid? (A) (В) (C) (D) 2.33 3.89 5.78 7.78 29. What is the hybridization of carbon 1 (far left) and carbon 2 (middle) in this…arrow_forward
- 4. Write the free radical chain mechanism for the following bromination reaction: BrCC13 hv + Br HCC13arrow_forward4. The decomposition of acetaldehyde (CH3CHO) to methane and carbon monoxide is an example of a free radical chain reaction. The overall reaction is believed to occur through the following sequence of steps: k1 CH3CHO + CHз * +CНО * k2 CH3CНО + CH3 * CH4 + CH3CО * k3 CH3CO * - CO + CH3 * k4 CH3 * +CH3 * → C2H6 Free radical species are indicated by the * symbol. In this case, the free radical CHO * that is generated in the first reaction is kinetically insignificant and thus you can ignore this d[CH,] « ([CH,CнO])3/2 holds. substance. According to the experimental observation, Using the steady state approximation, derive the 3/2 order relation of this reaction and find the rate constant K in ICH, = K([CH3CHO])³/2. NOTE: The final reaction is a second order reaction. dlCaHel = -2k4[CH3 +]? dt dt dtarrow_forward1arrow_forward
- 7. Which of the expressions below is not valid for the reaction rate expression that follows? 4 NH3 + 7 O2 → 4 NO2 + 6 H2Oarrow_forwardThe data below show the concentration of N2O5 versus time for the following reaction: N2O5 (g) → NO3 (g) + NO2(g) Time (s) [N2O5] (M) 1.000 25 0.822 50 0.677 75 0.557 100 0.458 125 0.377 150 0.310 175 0.255 200 0.210arrow_forwardQUESTION 11 While examining radical halogenation reactions, we saw that different "reaction pathways" lead to the formation of different products. How does the difference in energy between the activation barriers of rate-determining steps (AAGI) for these pathways affect the selectivity of the reactions and the products that are produced? O A. The bigger the difference in energy between activation barriers results in a more selective reaction. The reaction is relatively "clean" and mostly produces one product. O B. The bigger the difference in energy between activation barriers results in a less selective reaction. The reaction is "messy" and produces a more equivalent mixture of products. O C. The smaller the difference in energy between activation barriers results in a less selective reaction. The reaction is relatively "clean" and mostly produces one product. O D. The smaller the difference in energy between activation barriers results in a more selective reaction. The reaction is…arrow_forward
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