Chapter 9, Problem 9.74SP

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The partial pressure in atmosphere of each gas in dry air at STP has to be calculated.

Concept Introduction:

Partial Pressure:

Dalton’s law of partial pressure states that “the total pressure (P) of the mixture is equal to the sum of the partial pressures ${\text{(P}}_{\text{A}}{\text{, P}}_{\text{B}}{\text{, P}}_{\text{C}}\mathrm{.....}\text{)}$ of all the component gases $\text{(A, B, C}\mathrm{......}\text{)}$  present in the mixture” and is given as,

${\text{P = P}}_{\text{A}}{\text{ + P}}_{\text{B}}{\text{ + P}}_{\text{C}}\text{ + }\mathrm{.......}$

The ideal gas law for the individual gas component A is given as,

${\text{P}}_{\text{A}}{\text{V = n}}_{\text{A}}\text{RT}$

Avogadro’s law:

Avogadro’s law states as follows same number of all gases, at same temperature and pressure will have same number of molecules.

$\begin{array}{l}\text{V}\text{α}\text{n}\\ \frac{\text{V}}{\text{n}}\text{=k}\end{array}$

Where,

$\begin{array}{l}\text{V}\text{=}\text{volume}\\ \text{n=}\text{number}\text{of}\text{molecules}\text{.}\\ \text{k=}\text{constant}\end{array}$