Carbocation intermediate should be drawn for all the given substrates during E1 elimination process in presence of concentrated sulfuric acid. Concept introduction: Elimination reaction: In elimination reaction, two substituents are removed from the substrate to give the product in presence of base. Elimination reactions are two types, E1 and E2. E1 reaction: elimination follows stepwise mechanism. Rate of the reaction depends only on substrate concentration because rate-determining step is carbocation formation step. r ∝ [substrate] E2 reaction: elimination follows concerted pathway of mechanism. Rate of the reaction depends on both substrates as well as reagent concentration. r ∝ [substrate] [ base ] Elimination of compound in presence of bulky base leads to less substituted alkene , in presence of strong base (not bulky) leads to more substituted alkene.

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Answer 1

Question

Chapter 8.9, Problem 28CC

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Carbocation intermediate should be drawn for all the given substrates during E1 elimination process in presence of concentrated sulfuric acid.

Concept introduction:

Elimination reaction: In elimination reaction, two substituents are removed from the substrate to give the product in presence of base. Elimination reactions are two types, E1 and E2.

E1 reaction: elimination follows stepwise mechanism. Rate of the reaction depends only on substrate concentration because rate-determining step is carbocation formation step.
r∝[substrate]

E2 reaction: elimination follows concerted pathway of mechanism. Rate of the reaction depends on both substrates as well as reagent concentration.
r∝[substrate][base]

Elimination of compound in presence of bulky base leads to less substituted alkene, in presence of strong base (not bulky) leads to more substituted alkene.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Carbocation intermediate should be drawn for all the given substrates during E1 elimination process in presence of concentrated sulfuric acid.

Concept introduction:

Elimination reaction: In elimination reaction, two substituents are removed from the substrate to give the product in presence of base. Elimination reactions are two types, E1 and E2.

E1 reaction: elimination follows stepwise mechanism. Rate of the reaction depends only on substrate concentration because rate-determining step is carbocation formation step.
r∝[substrate]

E2 reaction: elimination follows concerted pathway of mechanism. Rate of the reaction depends on both substrates as well as reagent concentration.
r∝[substrate][base]

Elimination of compound in presence of bulky base leads to less substituted alkene, in presence of strong base (not bulky) leads to more substituted alkene.

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Carbocation intermediate should be drawn for all the given substrates during E1 elimination process in presence of concentrated sulfuric acid.

Concept introduction:

Elimination reaction: In elimination reaction, two substituents are removed from the substrate to give the product in presence of base. Elimination reactions are two types, E1 and E2.

E1 reaction: elimination follows stepwise mechanism. Rate of the reaction depends only on substrate concentration because rate-determining step is carbocation formation step.
r∝[substrate]

E2 reaction: elimination follows concerted pathway of mechanism. Rate of the reaction depends on both substrates as well as reagent concentration.
r∝[substrate][base]

Elimination of compound in presence of bulky base leads to less substituted alkene, in presence of strong base (not bulky) leads to more substituted alkene.

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Carbocation intermediate should be drawn for all the given substrates during E1 elimination process in presence of concentrated sulfuric acid.

Concept introduction:

Elimination reaction: In elimination reaction, two substituents are removed from the substrate to give the product in presence of base. Elimination reactions are two types, E1 and E2.

E1 reaction: elimination follows stepwise mechanism. Rate of the reaction depends only on substrate concentration because rate-determining step is carbocation formation step.
r∝[substrate]

E2 reaction: elimination follows concerted pathway of mechanism. Rate of the reaction depends on both substrates as well as reagent concentration.
r∝[substrate][base]

Elimination of compound in presence of bulky base leads to less substituted alkene, in presence of strong base (not bulky) leads to more substituted alkene.

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Answer 2

Question

Chapter 8.9, Problem 28CC

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Carbocation intermediate should be drawn for all the given substrates during E1 elimination process in presence of concentrated sulfuric acid.

Concept introduction:

Elimination reaction: In elimination reaction, two substituents are removed from the substrate to give the product in presence of base. Elimination reactions are two types, E1 and E2.

E1 reaction: elimination follows stepwise mechanism. Rate of the reaction depends only on substrate concentration because rate-determining step is carbocation formation step.
r∝[substrate]

E2 reaction: elimination follows concerted pathway of mechanism. Rate of the reaction depends on both substrates as well as reagent concentration.
r∝[substrate][base]

Elimination of compound in presence of bulky base leads to less substituted alkene, in presence of strong base (not bulky) leads to more substituted alkene.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Carbocation intermediate should be drawn for all the given substrates during E1 elimination process in presence of concentrated sulfuric acid.

Concept introduction:

Elimination reaction: In elimination reaction, two substituents are removed from the substrate to give the product in presence of base. Elimination reactions are two types, E1 and E2.

E1 reaction: elimination follows stepwise mechanism. Rate of the reaction depends only on substrate concentration because rate-determining step is carbocation formation step.
r∝[substrate]

E2 reaction: elimination follows concerted pathway of mechanism. Rate of the reaction depends on both substrates as well as reagent concentration.
r∝[substrate][base]

Elimination of compound in presence of bulky base leads to less substituted alkene, in presence of strong base (not bulky) leads to more substituted alkene.

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Carbocation intermediate should be drawn for all the given substrates during E1 elimination process in presence of concentrated sulfuric acid.

Concept introduction:

Elimination reaction: In elimination reaction, two substituents are removed from the substrate to give the product in presence of base. Elimination reactions are two types, E1 and E2.

E1 reaction: elimination follows stepwise mechanism. Rate of the reaction depends only on substrate concentration because rate-determining step is carbocation formation step.
r∝[substrate]

E2 reaction: elimination follows concerted pathway of mechanism. Rate of the reaction depends on both substrates as well as reagent concentration.
r∝[substrate][base]

Elimination of compound in presence of bulky base leads to less substituted alkene, in presence of strong base (not bulky) leads to more substituted alkene.

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Carbocation intermediate should be drawn for all the given substrates during E1 elimination process in presence of concentrated sulfuric acid.

Concept introduction:

Elimination reaction: In elimination reaction, two substituents are removed from the substrate to give the product in presence of base. Elimination reactions are two types, E1 and E2.

E1 reaction: elimination follows stepwise mechanism. Rate of the reaction depends only on substrate concentration because rate-determining step is carbocation formation step.
r∝[substrate]

E2 reaction: elimination follows concerted pathway of mechanism. Rate of the reaction depends on both substrates as well as reagent concentration.
r∝[substrate][base]

Elimination of compound in presence of bulky base leads to less substituted alkene, in presence of strong base (not bulky) leads to more substituted alkene.

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Answer 3

Question

Chapter 8.9, Problem 28CC

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Carbocation intermediate should be drawn for all the given substrates during E1 elimination process in presence of concentrated sulfuric acid.

Concept introduction:

Elimination reaction: In elimination reaction, two substituents are removed from the substrate to give the product in presence of base. Elimination reactions are two types, E1 and E2.

E1 reaction: elimination follows stepwise mechanism. Rate of the reaction depends only on substrate concentration because rate-determining step is carbocation formation step.
r∝[substrate]

E2 reaction: elimination follows concerted pathway of mechanism. Rate of the reaction depends on both substrates as well as reagent concentration.
r∝[substrate][base]

Elimination of compound in presence of bulky base leads to less substituted alkene, in presence of strong base (not bulky) leads to more substituted alkene.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Carbocation intermediate should be drawn for all the given substrates during E1 elimination process in presence of concentrated sulfuric acid.

Concept introduction:

Elimination reaction: In elimination reaction, two substituents are removed from the substrate to give the product in presence of base. Elimination reactions are two types, E1 and E2.

E1 reaction: elimination follows stepwise mechanism. Rate of the reaction depends only on substrate concentration because rate-determining step is carbocation formation step.
r∝[substrate]

E2 reaction: elimination follows concerted pathway of mechanism. Rate of the reaction depends on both substrates as well as reagent concentration.
r∝[substrate][base]

Elimination of compound in presence of bulky base leads to less substituted alkene, in presence of strong base (not bulky) leads to more substituted alkene.

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Carbocation intermediate should be drawn for all the given substrates during E1 elimination process in presence of concentrated sulfuric acid.

Concept introduction:

Elimination reaction: In elimination reaction, two substituents are removed from the substrate to give the product in presence of base. Elimination reactions are two types, E1 and E2.

E1 reaction: elimination follows stepwise mechanism. Rate of the reaction depends only on substrate concentration because rate-determining step is carbocation formation step.
r∝[substrate]

E2 reaction: elimination follows concerted pathway of mechanism. Rate of the reaction depends on both substrates as well as reagent concentration.
r∝[substrate][base]

Elimination of compound in presence of bulky base leads to less substituted alkene, in presence of strong base (not bulky) leads to more substituted alkene.

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Carbocation intermediate should be drawn for all the given substrates during E1 elimination process in presence of concentrated sulfuric acid.

Concept introduction:

Elimination reaction: In elimination reaction, two substituents are removed from the substrate to give the product in presence of base. Elimination reactions are two types, E1 and E2.

E1 reaction: elimination follows stepwise mechanism. Rate of the reaction depends only on substrate concentration because rate-determining step is carbocation formation step.
r∝[substrate]

E2 reaction: elimination follows concerted pathway of mechanism. Rate of the reaction depends on both substrates as well as reagent concentration.
r∝[substrate][base]

Elimination of compound in presence of bulky base leads to less substituted alkene, in presence of strong base (not bulky) leads to more substituted alkene.

Expert Solution & Answer

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Answer 4

Question

Chapter 8.9, Problem 28CC

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Carbocation intermediate should be drawn for all the given substrates during E1 elimination process in presence of concentrated sulfuric acid.

Concept introduction:

Elimination reaction: In elimination reaction, two substituents are removed from the substrate to give the product in presence of base. Elimination reactions are two types, E1 and E2.

E1 reaction: elimination follows stepwise mechanism. Rate of the reaction depends only on substrate concentration because rate-determining step is carbocation formation step.
r∝[substrate]

E2 reaction: elimination follows concerted pathway of mechanism. Rate of the reaction depends on both substrates as well as reagent concentration.
r∝[substrate][base]

Elimination of compound in presence of bulky base leads to less substituted alkene, in presence of strong base (not bulky) leads to more substituted alkene.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Carbocation intermediate should be drawn for all the given substrates during E1 elimination process in presence of concentrated sulfuric acid.

Concept introduction:

Elimination reaction: In elimination reaction, two substituents are removed from the substrate to give the product in presence of base. Elimination reactions are two types, E1 and E2.

E1 reaction: elimination follows stepwise mechanism. Rate of the reaction depends only on substrate concentration because rate-determining step is carbocation formation step.
r∝[substrate]

E2 reaction: elimination follows concerted pathway of mechanism. Rate of the reaction depends on both substrates as well as reagent concentration.
r∝[substrate][base]

Elimination of compound in presence of bulky base leads to less substituted alkene, in presence of strong base (not bulky) leads to more substituted alkene.

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Carbocation intermediate should be drawn for all the given substrates during E1 elimination process in presence of concentrated sulfuric acid.

Concept introduction:

Elimination reaction: In elimination reaction, two substituents are removed from the substrate to give the product in presence of base. Elimination reactions are two types, E1 and E2.

E1 reaction: elimination follows stepwise mechanism. Rate of the reaction depends only on substrate concentration because rate-determining step is carbocation formation step.
r∝[substrate]

E2 reaction: elimination follows concerted pathway of mechanism. Rate of the reaction depends on both substrates as well as reagent concentration.
r∝[substrate][base]

Elimination of compound in presence of bulky base leads to less substituted alkene, in presence of strong base (not bulky) leads to more substituted alkene.

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Carbocation intermediate should be drawn for all the given substrates during E1 elimination process in presence of concentrated sulfuric acid.

Concept introduction:

Elimination reaction: In elimination reaction, two substituents are removed from the substrate to give the product in presence of base. Elimination reactions are two types, E1 and E2.

E1 reaction: elimination follows stepwise mechanism. Rate of the reaction depends only on substrate concentration because rate-determining step is carbocation formation step.
r∝[substrate]

E2 reaction: elimination follows concerted pathway of mechanism. Rate of the reaction depends on both substrates as well as reagent concentration.
r∝[substrate][base]

Elimination of compound in presence of bulky base leads to less substituted alkene, in presence of strong base (not bulky) leads to more substituted alkene.

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Answer 5

Chapter 8.9, Problem 28CC

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Carbocation intermediate should be drawn for all the given substrates during E1 elimination process in presence of concentrated sulfuric acid.

Concept introduction:

Elimination reaction: In elimination reaction, two substituents are removed from the substrate to give the product in presence of base. Elimination reactions are two types, E1 and E2.

E1 reaction: elimination follows stepwise mechanism. Rate of the reaction depends only on substrate concentration because rate-determining step is carbocation formation step.
r∝[substrate]

E2 reaction: elimination follows concerted pathway of mechanism. Rate of the reaction depends on both substrates as well as reagent concentration.
r∝[substrate][base]

Elimination of compound in presence of bulky base leads to less substituted alkene, in presence of strong base (not bulky) leads to more substituted alkene.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Carbocation intermediate should be drawn for all the given substrates during E1 elimination process in presence of concentrated sulfuric acid.

Concept introduction:

Elimination reaction: In elimination reaction, two substituents are removed from the substrate to give the product in presence of base. Elimination reactions are two types, E1 and E2.

E1 reaction: elimination follows stepwise mechanism. Rate of the reaction depends only on substrate concentration because rate-determining step is carbocation formation step.
r∝[substrate]

E2 reaction: elimination follows concerted pathway of mechanism. Rate of the reaction depends on both substrates as well as reagent concentration.
r∝[substrate][base]

Elimination of compound in presence of bulky base leads to less substituted alkene, in presence of strong base (not bulky) leads to more substituted alkene.

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Carbocation intermediate should be drawn for all the given substrates during E1 elimination process in presence of concentrated sulfuric acid.

Concept introduction:

Elimination reaction: In elimination reaction, two substituents are removed from the substrate to give the product in presence of base. Elimination reactions are two types, E1 and E2.

E1 reaction: elimination follows stepwise mechanism. Rate of the reaction depends only on substrate concentration because rate-determining step is carbocation formation step.
r∝[substrate]

E2 reaction: elimination follows concerted pathway of mechanism. Rate of the reaction depends on both substrates as well as reagent concentration.
r∝[substrate][base]

Elimination of compound in presence of bulky base leads to less substituted alkene, in presence of strong base (not bulky) leads to more substituted alkene.

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Carbocation intermediate should be drawn for all the given substrates during E1 elimination process in presence of concentrated sulfuric acid.

Concept introduction:

Elimination reaction: In elimination reaction, two substituents are removed from the substrate to give the product in presence of base. Elimination reactions are two types, E1 and E2.

E1 reaction: elimination follows stepwise mechanism. Rate of the reaction depends only on substrate concentration because rate-determining step is carbocation formation step.
r∝[substrate]

E2 reaction: elimination follows concerted pathway of mechanism. Rate of the reaction depends on both substrates as well as reagent concentration.
r∝[substrate][base]

Elimination of compound in presence of bulky base leads to less substituted alkene, in presence of strong base (not bulky) leads to more substituted alkene.

Answer 6

Chapter 8.9, Problem 28CC

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Carbocation intermediate should be drawn for all the given substrates during E1 elimination process in presence of concentrated sulfuric acid.

Concept introduction:

Elimination reaction: In elimination reaction, two substituents are removed from the substrate to give the product in presence of base. Elimination reactions are two types, E1 and E2.

E1 reaction: elimination follows stepwise mechanism. Rate of the reaction depends only on substrate concentration because rate-determining step is carbocation formation step.
r∝[substrate]

E2 reaction: elimination follows concerted pathway of mechanism. Rate of the reaction depends on both substrates as well as reagent concentration.
r∝[substrate][base]

Elimination of compound in presence of bulky base leads to less substituted alkene, in presence of strong base (not bulky) leads to more substituted alkene.

Answer 7

Chapter 8.9, Problem 28CC

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Carbocation intermediate should be drawn for all the given substrates during E1 elimination process in presence of concentrated sulfuric acid.

Concept introduction:

Elimination reaction: In elimination reaction, two substituents are removed from the substrate to give the product in presence of base. Elimination reactions are two types, E1 and E2.

E1 reaction: elimination follows stepwise mechanism. Rate of the reaction depends only on substrate concentration because rate-determining step is carbocation formation step.
r∝[substrate]

E2 reaction: elimination follows concerted pathway of mechanism. Rate of the reaction depends on both substrates as well as reagent concentration.
r∝[substrate][base]

Elimination of compound in presence of bulky base leads to less substituted alkene, in presence of strong base (not bulky) leads to more substituted alkene.

Answer 8

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Carbocation intermediate should be drawn for all the given substrates during E1 elimination process in presence of concentrated sulfuric acid.

Concept introduction:

Elimination reaction: In elimination reaction, two substituents are removed from the substrate to give the product in presence of base. Elimination reactions are two types, E1 and E2.

E1 reaction: elimination follows stepwise mechanism. Rate of the reaction depends only on substrate concentration because rate-determining step is carbocation formation step.
r∝[substrate]

E2 reaction: elimination follows concerted pathway of mechanism. Rate of the reaction depends on both substrates as well as reagent concentration.
r∝[substrate][base]

Elimination of compound in presence of bulky base leads to less substituted alkene, in presence of strong base (not bulky) leads to more substituted alkene.

Answer 9

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Carbocation intermediate should be drawn for all the given substrates during E1 elimination process in presence of concentrated sulfuric acid.

Concept introduction:

Elimination reaction: In elimination reaction, two substituents are removed from the substrate to give the product in presence of base. Elimination reactions are two types, E1 and E2.

E1 reaction: elimination follows stepwise mechanism. Rate of the reaction depends only on substrate concentration because rate-determining step is carbocation formation step.
r∝[substrate]

E2 reaction: elimination follows concerted pathway of mechanism. Rate of the reaction depends on both substrates as well as reagent concentration.
r∝[substrate][base]

Elimination of compound in presence of bulky base leads to less substituted alkene, in presence of strong base (not bulky) leads to more substituted alkene.

Answer 10

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Carbocation intermediate should be drawn for all the given substrates during E1 elimination process in presence of concentrated sulfuric acid.

Concept introduction:

Elimination reaction: In elimination reaction, two substituents are removed from the substrate to give the product in presence of base. Elimination reactions are two types, E1 and E2.

E1 reaction: elimination follows stepwise mechanism. Rate of the reaction depends only on substrate concentration because rate-determining step is carbocation formation step.
r∝[substrate]

E2 reaction: elimination follows concerted pathway of mechanism. Rate of the reaction depends on both substrates as well as reagent concentration.
r∝[substrate][base]

Elimination of compound in presence of bulky base leads to less substituted alkene, in presence of strong base (not bulky) leads to more substituted alkene.

Answer 11

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Carbocation intermediate should be drawn for all the given substrates during E1 elimination process in presence of concentrated sulfuric acid.

Concept introduction:

Elimination reaction: In elimination reaction, two substituents are removed from the substrate to give the product in presence of base. Elimination reactions are two types, E1 and E2.

E1 reaction: elimination follows stepwise mechanism. Rate of the reaction depends only on substrate concentration because rate-determining step is carbocation formation step.
r∝[substrate]

E2 reaction: elimination follows concerted pathway of mechanism. Rate of the reaction depends on both substrates as well as reagent concentration.
r∝[substrate][base]

Elimination of compound in presence of bulky base leads to less substituted alkene, in presence of strong base (not bulky) leads to more substituted alkene.

Answer 12

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Carbocation intermediate should be drawn for all the given substrates during E1 elimination process in presence of concentrated sulfuric acid.

Concept introduction:

Elimination reaction: In elimination reaction, two substituents are removed from the substrate to give the product in presence of base. Elimination reactions are two types, E1 and E2.

E1 reaction: elimination follows stepwise mechanism. Rate of the reaction depends only on substrate concentration because rate-determining step is carbocation formation step.
r∝[substrate]

E2 reaction: elimination follows concerted pathway of mechanism. Rate of the reaction depends on both substrates as well as reagent concentration.
r∝[substrate][base]

Elimination of compound in presence of bulky base leads to less substituted alkene, in presence of strong base (not bulky) leads to more substituted alkene.

Answer 13

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Carbocation intermediate should be drawn for all the given substrates during E1 elimination process in presence of concentrated sulfuric acid.

Concept introduction:

Elimination reaction: In elimination reaction, two substituents are removed from the substrate to give the product in presence of base. Elimination reactions are two types, E1 and E2.

E1 reaction: elimination follows stepwise mechanism. Rate of the reaction depends only on substrate concentration because rate-determining step is carbocation formation step.
r∝[substrate]

E2 reaction: elimination follows concerted pathway of mechanism. Rate of the reaction depends on both substrates as well as reagent concentration.
r∝[substrate][base]

Elimination of compound in presence of bulky base leads to less substituted alkene, in presence of strong base (not bulky) leads to more substituted alkene.

Answer 14

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Answer 15

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Answer 16

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Answer 17

Ch. 8.3 - Prob. 1LTS Ch. 8.3 - Prob. 1PTS Ch. 8.3 - Prob. 2ATS Ch. 8.3 - Prob. 3ATS Ch. 8.3 - Prob. 4CC Ch. 8.4 - Prob. 2LTS Ch. 8.4 - Prob. 5PTS Ch. 8.4 - Prob. 6ATS Ch. 8.5 - Prob. 3LTS Ch. 8.5 - Prob. 7PTS

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Chapter 8 Solutions