Major and minor product should be predicted for the given alkyl halide during E1 elimination process. Concept introduction: Elimination reaction: In elimination reaction, two substituents are removed from the substrate to give the product in presence of base. Elimination reactions are two types, E1 and E2. E1 reaction: elimination follows stepwise mechanism. In this process, intermediate is carbocation. E2 reaction: elimination follows concerted pathway of mechanism. In this process, there is intermediate only transition state. Dehydration: elimination of water molecule from the substrate is known as dehydration process. This reaction leads in presence of concentrated sulfuric acid followed by heat. Dehydro halogenation: elimination of hydrogen halide from the substrate is known as dehydro halogenation process. This reaction leads in acidic media.

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Answer 1

Question

Chapter 8.9, Problem 29PTS

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Major and minor product should be predicted for the given alkyl halide during E1 elimination process.

Concept introduction:

Elimination reaction: In elimination reaction, two substituents are removed from the substrate to give the product in presence of base. Elimination reactions are two types, E1 and E2.

E1 reaction: elimination follows stepwise mechanism. In this process, intermediate is carbocation.

E2 reaction: elimination follows concerted pathway of mechanism. In this process, there is intermediate only transition state.

Dehydration: elimination of water molecule from the substrate is known as dehydration process. This reaction leads in presence of concentrated sulfuric acid followed by heat.

Dehydro halogenation: elimination of hydrogen halide from the substrate is known as dehydro halogenation process. This reaction leads in acidic media.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Major and minor product should be predicted for the given alkyl halide during E1 elimination process.

Concept introduction:

Elimination reaction: In elimination reaction, two substituents are removed from the substrate to give the product in presence of base. Elimination reactions are two types, E1 and E2.

E1 reaction: elimination follows stepwise mechanism. In this process, intermediate is carbocation.

E2 reaction: elimination follows concerted pathway of mechanism. In this process, there is intermediate only transition state.

Dehydration: elimination of water molecule from the substrate is known as dehydration process. This reaction leads in presence of concentrated sulfuric acid followed by heat.

Dehydro halogenation: elimination of hydrogen halide from the substrate is known as dehydro halogenation process. This reaction leads in acidic media.

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Major and minor product should be predicted for the given alkyl halide during E1 elimination process.

Concept introduction:

Elimination reaction: In elimination reaction, two substituents are removed from the substrate to give the product in presence of base. Elimination reactions are two types, E1 and E2.

E1 reaction: elimination follows stepwise mechanism. In this process, intermediate is carbocation.

E2 reaction: elimination follows concerted pathway of mechanism. In this process, there is intermediate only transition state.

Dehydration: elimination of water molecule from the substrate is known as dehydration process. This reaction leads in presence of concentrated sulfuric acid followed by heat.

Dehydro halogenation: elimination of hydrogen halide from the substrate is known as dehydro halogenation process. This reaction leads in acidic media.

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Major and minor product should be predicted for the given alkyl halide during E1 elimination process.

Concept introduction:

Elimination reaction: In elimination reaction, two substituents are removed from the substrate to give the product in presence of base. Elimination reactions are two types, E1 and E2.

E1 reaction: elimination follows stepwise mechanism. In this process, intermediate is carbocation.

E2 reaction: elimination follows concerted pathway of mechanism. In this process, there is intermediate only transition state.

Dehydration: elimination of water molecule from the substrate is known as dehydration process. This reaction leads in presence of concentrated sulfuric acid followed by heat.

Dehydro halogenation: elimination of hydrogen halide from the substrate is known as dehydro halogenation process. This reaction leads in acidic media.

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There are 48 pairs of students in the following table. Each pair has quantitatively determined the mass of taurine in a 250 mL can of the popular energy drink marketed as “Munster” using High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC). The class results are presented below: QUESTION: Summarise and report these results including an indication of measurement uncertainty. In both calculation samples calculate if an outlier is present, max value, number of samples, mean, standard deviation, g (suspect), g (critical) and t (critical). Mass of Taurine (mg) Mass of Taurine (mg) (Table continued) 152.01 152.23 151.87 151.45 154.11 152.64 152.98 153.24 152.88 151.45 153.49 152.48 150.68 152.33 151.52 153.63 152.48 151.68 153.17 153.40 153.77 153.67 152.34 153.16 152.57 153.02 152.86 151.50 151.23 152.57 152.72 151.54 146.47 152.38 152.44 152.54 152.53 152.54 151.32…

Indicate the rate expressions for reactions that have order 0, 1, and 2.

Answer 2

Question

Chapter 8.9, Problem 29PTS

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Major and minor product should be predicted for the given alkyl halide during E1 elimination process.

Concept introduction:

Elimination reaction: In elimination reaction, two substituents are removed from the substrate to give the product in presence of base. Elimination reactions are two types, E1 and E2.

E1 reaction: elimination follows stepwise mechanism. In this process, intermediate is carbocation.

E2 reaction: elimination follows concerted pathway of mechanism. In this process, there is intermediate only transition state.

Dehydration: elimination of water molecule from the substrate is known as dehydration process. This reaction leads in presence of concentrated sulfuric acid followed by heat.

Dehydro halogenation: elimination of hydrogen halide from the substrate is known as dehydro halogenation process. This reaction leads in acidic media.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Major and minor product should be predicted for the given alkyl halide during E1 elimination process.

Concept introduction:

Elimination reaction: In elimination reaction, two substituents are removed from the substrate to give the product in presence of base. Elimination reactions are two types, E1 and E2.

E1 reaction: elimination follows stepwise mechanism. In this process, intermediate is carbocation.

E2 reaction: elimination follows concerted pathway of mechanism. In this process, there is intermediate only transition state.

Dehydration: elimination of water molecule from the substrate is known as dehydration process. This reaction leads in presence of concentrated sulfuric acid followed by heat.

Dehydro halogenation: elimination of hydrogen halide from the substrate is known as dehydro halogenation process. This reaction leads in acidic media.

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Major and minor product should be predicted for the given alkyl halide during E1 elimination process.

Concept introduction:

Elimination reaction: In elimination reaction, two substituents are removed from the substrate to give the product in presence of base. Elimination reactions are two types, E1 and E2.

E1 reaction: elimination follows stepwise mechanism. In this process, intermediate is carbocation.

E2 reaction: elimination follows concerted pathway of mechanism. In this process, there is intermediate only transition state.

Dehydration: elimination of water molecule from the substrate is known as dehydration process. This reaction leads in presence of concentrated sulfuric acid followed by heat.

Dehydro halogenation: elimination of hydrogen halide from the substrate is known as dehydro halogenation process. This reaction leads in acidic media.

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Major and minor product should be predicted for the given alkyl halide during E1 elimination process.

Concept introduction:

Elimination reaction: In elimination reaction, two substituents are removed from the substrate to give the product in presence of base. Elimination reactions are two types, E1 and E2.

E1 reaction: elimination follows stepwise mechanism. In this process, intermediate is carbocation.

E2 reaction: elimination follows concerted pathway of mechanism. In this process, there is intermediate only transition state.

Dehydration: elimination of water molecule from the substrate is known as dehydration process. This reaction leads in presence of concentrated sulfuric acid followed by heat.

Dehydro halogenation: elimination of hydrogen halide from the substrate is known as dehydro halogenation process. This reaction leads in acidic media.

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Answer 3

Question

Chapter 8.9, Problem 29PTS

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Major and minor product should be predicted for the given alkyl halide during E1 elimination process.

Concept introduction:

Elimination reaction: In elimination reaction, two substituents are removed from the substrate to give the product in presence of base. Elimination reactions are two types, E1 and E2.

E1 reaction: elimination follows stepwise mechanism. In this process, intermediate is carbocation.

E2 reaction: elimination follows concerted pathway of mechanism. In this process, there is intermediate only transition state.

Dehydration: elimination of water molecule from the substrate is known as dehydration process. This reaction leads in presence of concentrated sulfuric acid followed by heat.

Dehydro halogenation: elimination of hydrogen halide from the substrate is known as dehydro halogenation process. This reaction leads in acidic media.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Major and minor product should be predicted for the given alkyl halide during E1 elimination process.

Concept introduction:

Elimination reaction: In elimination reaction, two substituents are removed from the substrate to give the product in presence of base. Elimination reactions are two types, E1 and E2.

E1 reaction: elimination follows stepwise mechanism. In this process, intermediate is carbocation.

E2 reaction: elimination follows concerted pathway of mechanism. In this process, there is intermediate only transition state.

Dehydration: elimination of water molecule from the substrate is known as dehydration process. This reaction leads in presence of concentrated sulfuric acid followed by heat.

Dehydro halogenation: elimination of hydrogen halide from the substrate is known as dehydro halogenation process. This reaction leads in acidic media.

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Major and minor product should be predicted for the given alkyl halide during E1 elimination process.

Concept introduction:

Elimination reaction: In elimination reaction, two substituents are removed from the substrate to give the product in presence of base. Elimination reactions are two types, E1 and E2.

E1 reaction: elimination follows stepwise mechanism. In this process, intermediate is carbocation.

E2 reaction: elimination follows concerted pathway of mechanism. In this process, there is intermediate only transition state.

Dehydration: elimination of water molecule from the substrate is known as dehydration process. This reaction leads in presence of concentrated sulfuric acid followed by heat.

Dehydro halogenation: elimination of hydrogen halide from the substrate is known as dehydro halogenation process. This reaction leads in acidic media.

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Major and minor product should be predicted for the given alkyl halide during E1 elimination process.

Concept introduction:

Elimination reaction: In elimination reaction, two substituents are removed from the substrate to give the product in presence of base. Elimination reactions are two types, E1 and E2.

E1 reaction: elimination follows stepwise mechanism. In this process, intermediate is carbocation.

E2 reaction: elimination follows concerted pathway of mechanism. In this process, there is intermediate only transition state.

Dehydration: elimination of water molecule from the substrate is known as dehydration process. This reaction leads in presence of concentrated sulfuric acid followed by heat.

Dehydro halogenation: elimination of hydrogen halide from the substrate is known as dehydro halogenation process. This reaction leads in acidic media.

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Answer 4

Question

Chapter 8.9, Problem 29PTS

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Major and minor product should be predicted for the given alkyl halide during E1 elimination process.

Concept introduction:

Elimination reaction: In elimination reaction, two substituents are removed from the substrate to give the product in presence of base. Elimination reactions are two types, E1 and E2.

E1 reaction: elimination follows stepwise mechanism. In this process, intermediate is carbocation.

E2 reaction: elimination follows concerted pathway of mechanism. In this process, there is intermediate only transition state.

Dehydration: elimination of water molecule from the substrate is known as dehydration process. This reaction leads in presence of concentrated sulfuric acid followed by heat.

Dehydro halogenation: elimination of hydrogen halide from the substrate is known as dehydro halogenation process. This reaction leads in acidic media.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Major and minor product should be predicted for the given alkyl halide during E1 elimination process.

Concept introduction:

Elimination reaction: In elimination reaction, two substituents are removed from the substrate to give the product in presence of base. Elimination reactions are two types, E1 and E2.

E1 reaction: elimination follows stepwise mechanism. In this process, intermediate is carbocation.

E2 reaction: elimination follows concerted pathway of mechanism. In this process, there is intermediate only transition state.

Dehydration: elimination of water molecule from the substrate is known as dehydration process. This reaction leads in presence of concentrated sulfuric acid followed by heat.

Dehydro halogenation: elimination of hydrogen halide from the substrate is known as dehydro halogenation process. This reaction leads in acidic media.

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Major and minor product should be predicted for the given alkyl halide during E1 elimination process.

Concept introduction:

Elimination reaction: In elimination reaction, two substituents are removed from the substrate to give the product in presence of base. Elimination reactions are two types, E1 and E2.

E1 reaction: elimination follows stepwise mechanism. In this process, intermediate is carbocation.

E2 reaction: elimination follows concerted pathway of mechanism. In this process, there is intermediate only transition state.

Dehydration: elimination of water molecule from the substrate is known as dehydration process. This reaction leads in presence of concentrated sulfuric acid followed by heat.

Dehydro halogenation: elimination of hydrogen halide from the substrate is known as dehydro halogenation process. This reaction leads in acidic media.

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Major and minor product should be predicted for the given alkyl halide during E1 elimination process.

Concept introduction:

Elimination reaction: In elimination reaction, two substituents are removed from the substrate to give the product in presence of base. Elimination reactions are two types, E1 and E2.

E1 reaction: elimination follows stepwise mechanism. In this process, intermediate is carbocation.

E2 reaction: elimination follows concerted pathway of mechanism. In this process, there is intermediate only transition state.

Dehydration: elimination of water molecule from the substrate is known as dehydration process. This reaction leads in presence of concentrated sulfuric acid followed by heat.

Dehydro halogenation: elimination of hydrogen halide from the substrate is known as dehydro halogenation process. This reaction leads in acidic media.

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Answer 5

Chapter 8.9, Problem 29PTS

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Major and minor product should be predicted for the given alkyl halide during E1 elimination process.

Concept introduction:

Elimination reaction: In elimination reaction, two substituents are removed from the substrate to give the product in presence of base. Elimination reactions are two types, E1 and E2.

E1 reaction: elimination follows stepwise mechanism. In this process, intermediate is carbocation.

E2 reaction: elimination follows concerted pathway of mechanism. In this process, there is intermediate only transition state.

Dehydration: elimination of water molecule from the substrate is known as dehydration process. This reaction leads in presence of concentrated sulfuric acid followed by heat.

Dehydro halogenation: elimination of hydrogen halide from the substrate is known as dehydro halogenation process. This reaction leads in acidic media.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Major and minor product should be predicted for the given alkyl halide during E1 elimination process.

Concept introduction:

Elimination reaction: In elimination reaction, two substituents are removed from the substrate to give the product in presence of base. Elimination reactions are two types, E1 and E2.

E1 reaction: elimination follows stepwise mechanism. In this process, intermediate is carbocation.

E2 reaction: elimination follows concerted pathway of mechanism. In this process, there is intermediate only transition state.

Dehydration: elimination of water molecule from the substrate is known as dehydration process. This reaction leads in presence of concentrated sulfuric acid followed by heat.

Dehydro halogenation: elimination of hydrogen halide from the substrate is known as dehydro halogenation process. This reaction leads in acidic media.

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Major and minor product should be predicted for the given alkyl halide during E1 elimination process.

Concept introduction:

Elimination reaction: In elimination reaction, two substituents are removed from the substrate to give the product in presence of base. Elimination reactions are two types, E1 and E2.

E1 reaction: elimination follows stepwise mechanism. In this process, intermediate is carbocation.

E2 reaction: elimination follows concerted pathway of mechanism. In this process, there is intermediate only transition state.

Dehydration: elimination of water molecule from the substrate is known as dehydration process. This reaction leads in presence of concentrated sulfuric acid followed by heat.

Dehydro halogenation: elimination of hydrogen halide from the substrate is known as dehydro halogenation process. This reaction leads in acidic media.

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Major and minor product should be predicted for the given alkyl halide during E1 elimination process.

Concept introduction:

Elimination reaction: In elimination reaction, two substituents are removed from the substrate to give the product in presence of base. Elimination reactions are two types, E1 and E2.

E1 reaction: elimination follows stepwise mechanism. In this process, intermediate is carbocation.

E2 reaction: elimination follows concerted pathway of mechanism. In this process, there is intermediate only transition state.

Dehydration: elimination of water molecule from the substrate is known as dehydration process. This reaction leads in presence of concentrated sulfuric acid followed by heat.

Dehydro halogenation: elimination of hydrogen halide from the substrate is known as dehydro halogenation process. This reaction leads in acidic media.

Answer 6

Chapter 8.9, Problem 29PTS

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Major and minor product should be predicted for the given alkyl halide during E1 elimination process.

Concept introduction:

Elimination reaction: In elimination reaction, two substituents are removed from the substrate to give the product in presence of base. Elimination reactions are two types, E1 and E2.

E1 reaction: elimination follows stepwise mechanism. In this process, intermediate is carbocation.

E2 reaction: elimination follows concerted pathway of mechanism. In this process, there is intermediate only transition state.

Dehydration: elimination of water molecule from the substrate is known as dehydration process. This reaction leads in presence of concentrated sulfuric acid followed by heat.

Dehydro halogenation: elimination of hydrogen halide from the substrate is known as dehydro halogenation process. This reaction leads in acidic media.

Answer 7

Chapter 8.9, Problem 29PTS

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Major and minor product should be predicted for the given alkyl halide during E1 elimination process.

Concept introduction:

Elimination reaction: In elimination reaction, two substituents are removed from the substrate to give the product in presence of base. Elimination reactions are two types, E1 and E2.

E1 reaction: elimination follows stepwise mechanism. In this process, intermediate is carbocation.

E2 reaction: elimination follows concerted pathway of mechanism. In this process, there is intermediate only transition state.

Dehydration: elimination of water molecule from the substrate is known as dehydration process. This reaction leads in presence of concentrated sulfuric acid followed by heat.

Dehydro halogenation: elimination of hydrogen halide from the substrate is known as dehydro halogenation process. This reaction leads in acidic media.

Answer 8

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Major and minor product should be predicted for the given alkyl halide during E1 elimination process.

Concept introduction:

Elimination reaction: In elimination reaction, two substituents are removed from the substrate to give the product in presence of base. Elimination reactions are two types, E1 and E2.

E1 reaction: elimination follows stepwise mechanism. In this process, intermediate is carbocation.

E2 reaction: elimination follows concerted pathway of mechanism. In this process, there is intermediate only transition state.

Dehydration: elimination of water molecule from the substrate is known as dehydration process. This reaction leads in presence of concentrated sulfuric acid followed by heat.

Dehydro halogenation: elimination of hydrogen halide from the substrate is known as dehydro halogenation process. This reaction leads in acidic media.

Answer 9

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Major and minor product should be predicted for the given alkyl halide during E1 elimination process.

Concept introduction:

Elimination reaction: In elimination reaction, two substituents are removed from the substrate to give the product in presence of base. Elimination reactions are two types, E1 and E2.

E1 reaction: elimination follows stepwise mechanism. In this process, intermediate is carbocation.

E2 reaction: elimination follows concerted pathway of mechanism. In this process, there is intermediate only transition state.

Dehydration: elimination of water molecule from the substrate is known as dehydration process. This reaction leads in presence of concentrated sulfuric acid followed by heat.

Dehydro halogenation: elimination of hydrogen halide from the substrate is known as dehydro halogenation process. This reaction leads in acidic media.

Answer 10

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Major and minor product should be predicted for the given alkyl halide during E1 elimination process.

Concept introduction:

Elimination reaction: In elimination reaction, two substituents are removed from the substrate to give the product in presence of base. Elimination reactions are two types, E1 and E2.

E1 reaction: elimination follows stepwise mechanism. In this process, intermediate is carbocation.

E2 reaction: elimination follows concerted pathway of mechanism. In this process, there is intermediate only transition state.

Dehydration: elimination of water molecule from the substrate is known as dehydration process. This reaction leads in presence of concentrated sulfuric acid followed by heat.

Dehydro halogenation: elimination of hydrogen halide from the substrate is known as dehydro halogenation process. This reaction leads in acidic media.

Answer 11

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Major and minor product should be predicted for the given alkyl halide during E1 elimination process.

Concept introduction:

Elimination reaction: In elimination reaction, two substituents are removed from the substrate to give the product in presence of base. Elimination reactions are two types, E1 and E2.

E1 reaction: elimination follows stepwise mechanism. In this process, intermediate is carbocation.

E2 reaction: elimination follows concerted pathway of mechanism. In this process, there is intermediate only transition state.

Dehydration: elimination of water molecule from the substrate is known as dehydration process. This reaction leads in presence of concentrated sulfuric acid followed by heat.

Dehydro halogenation: elimination of hydrogen halide from the substrate is known as dehydro halogenation process. This reaction leads in acidic media.

Answer 12

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Major and minor product should be predicted for the given alkyl halide during E1 elimination process.

Concept introduction:

Elimination reaction: In elimination reaction, two substituents are removed from the substrate to give the product in presence of base. Elimination reactions are two types, E1 and E2.

E1 reaction: elimination follows stepwise mechanism. In this process, intermediate is carbocation.

E2 reaction: elimination follows concerted pathway of mechanism. In this process, there is intermediate only transition state.

Dehydration: elimination of water molecule from the substrate is known as dehydration process. This reaction leads in presence of concentrated sulfuric acid followed by heat.

Dehydro halogenation: elimination of hydrogen halide from the substrate is known as dehydro halogenation process. This reaction leads in acidic media.

Answer 13

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Major and minor product should be predicted for the given alkyl halide during E1 elimination process.

Concept introduction:

Elimination reaction: In elimination reaction, two substituents are removed from the substrate to give the product in presence of base. Elimination reactions are two types, E1 and E2.

E1 reaction: elimination follows stepwise mechanism. In this process, intermediate is carbocation.

E2 reaction: elimination follows concerted pathway of mechanism. In this process, there is intermediate only transition state.

Dehydration: elimination of water molecule from the substrate is known as dehydration process. This reaction leads in presence of concentrated sulfuric acid followed by heat.

Dehydro halogenation: elimination of hydrogen halide from the substrate is known as dehydro halogenation process. This reaction leads in acidic media.

Answer 14

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Answer 15

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Answer 16

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Answer 17

Ch. 8.3 - Prob. 1LTS Ch. 8.3 - Prob. 1PTS Ch. 8.3 - Prob. 2ATS Ch. 8.3 - Prob. 3ATS Ch. 8.3 - Prob. 4CC Ch. 8.4 - Prob. 2LTS Ch. 8.4 - Prob. 5PTS Ch. 8.4 - Prob. 6ATS Ch. 8.5 - Prob. 3LTS Ch. 8.5 - Prob. 7PTS

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