Chapter 8, Problem 8.110MP

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

The structure of the molecule with a C atom containing two $\pi$ bonds and two $\sigma$ bonds needs to be determined.

Concept introduction:

A carbon atom has 4 valence electrons in its outermost shell. Formation of a $\pi$ bond takes place in double or triple bond formed between two C atoms. In double bond there is 1 $\pi$ bond and 1 $\sigma$ bond and in a triple bond there are 2 $\pi$ bond s and 1 $\sigma$ bond.

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

The structure of the molecule with an N atom containing one $\pi$ bond and two $\sigma$ bonds needs to be determined.

Concept introduction:

The number of valence electrons in N atom is 5. A simple N atom can for 3 single bonds involving 3 valence electrons. The remaining two valence electrons will be lone pair of electrons on the N atom. In double bond there is 1 $\pi$ bond and 1 $\sigma$ bond and in a triple bond there are 2 $\pi$ bond s and 1 $\sigma$ bond.

Interpretation Introduction

(c)

Interpretation:

The structure of the molecule with an S atom containing a coordinate covalent bond needs to be determined.

Concept introduction:

There are 6 valence electrons on the S atom. It required 2 more electrons to complete its octet. Thus, it can form 2 single bonds involving 2 electrons. The remaining 4 electrons will act as 2 lone pair of electrons on the S atom.