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Introduction: Glycolysis is the series of reactions that produce ATP by converting glucose to pyruvate. The glycolysis pathway occurs in the cytoplasm of all cells and is the first step in aerobic respiration. The reactions convert one six-carbon molecule of glucose to two three-carbon molecules of pyruvate. Each of the two pyruvate molecules that formed in glycolysis has two carbon-carbon bonds. The next two steps of aerobic respiration is the acetyl-CoA formation and the citric acid cycle (Krebs reactions) that break both of these bonds. Energy released at the bond break is captured in electrons carried by NADH and in high-energy phosphate bonds of ATP. All carbon atoms that were once a part of glucose end up in CO2, which diffuses out of the cell.
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Chapter 7 Solutions
Biology: The Unity and Diversity of Life (MindTap Course List)
- _______ is an amino acid that can be directly converted into a citric acid cycle intermediate by being exposed to TWO consecutive deamination reactions (removal of an amine group). a. threonine b. glutamate c. glutamine d. tyrosine e. prolinearrow_forwardThe direct products from the citric acid cycle are ________. a. temporary electron storage compounds b. final products of cellular respiration c. formed from the direct consumption of oxygenarrow_forwardThe equation for cellular respiration is shown. CAH1206 + 6 02 08 6 H20 + 6 CO2+ energy (ATP) a. Is the glucose oxidized or reduced? (first blank) b. Is it catabolism or anabolism? [second blank] c. What "energy currency" molecule is produced in this equation? [third blank] Question 2 4 Listen Anabolism refers to chemical reactions in which molecules and energy is molecules are converted intoarrow_forward
- The Citric Acid Cycle takes the molecule of acetyl CoA and generates ________ per glucose molecule. Group of answer choices A. 3 ATP B. 2 NADH, 4 ATP C. NADH, 2 ATP D. 6 NADH, 2 FADH2, and 2 ATParrow_forwardIf glucose was no longer available, citric acid cycle activity would: a. decrease b. increase c. remain the samearrow_forwardThe ATP produce in the citric acid cycle is by substrate-level phosphorylation. * A. True B. Falsearrow_forward
- Glycolysis is regulated primarily by _______________. a. three strongly exergonic, non-equilibrium reactions. b. three strongly endergonic, non-equilibrium reactions. c. allosteric effectors of pyruvate kinase. d. phosphorylation of phosphofructokinase. e. the availability of glucose-6-phosphate.arrow_forwardThe citric acid cycle produces _____ ATP molecule(s) per glucose molecule:a. 1b. 2c. 4d. 16arrow_forwardGlycogen phosphorylase degrades glycogen by: a. An hydrolysis reaction. b. An oxidation-reduction reaction. c. A phosphorolysis reaction. d. A transferase reactionarrow_forward
- The enzymes of the citric acid cycle are located in a. Cytoplasm b. Endoplasmic reticulum c. Mitochondrial matrix d. Nucleusarrow_forwardWhich of the following can undergo metabolic conversion to acetyl CoA and enter the citric acid cycle? A. Fatty acids B. All of the choices are correct. C. Protein D. Glucosearrow_forwardThe productionof ATP (cellular respiration) is actually a(n). However, the reaction requires the rxn. 14. of Glucose. A. catabolic : anabolism B. anabolic : catabolism C. exergonic : endergonic conversion D. hydrolytic : dehydration. thearrow_forward
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