Chapter 7, Problem 7.28AP

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The structure for the product and reactant molecules with single, double and triple bond has to be determined.

Concept Introduction:

Covalent bonds are formed by sharing of electrons between atoms.

The valence electrons of Nitrogen are 5 electrons (requires 3 electrons to achieve octet).

The valence electrons of Oxygen are 6 electrons (requires 2 electrons to achieve octet).

The sharing of one electron from two atoms constitutes a single bond between the two atoms. The sharing of two electrons from two atoms constitutes a double bond between the two atoms. The sharing of three electrons from two atoms constitutes a triple bond between the two atoms.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

$\text{ΔH}$ for the given reaction in $\text{kcal}$ and $\text{kJ}$ has to be determined.

Concept Introduction:

Enthalpy $\text{H}$: it is the total amount of heat in a particular system.

The value of heat formed in a reaction $\text{ΔH}$ is calculated by the formula,

$\text{ΔH=}{{\displaystyle \sum \left(BondDissociationEnergy\right)}}_{\left(\text{reactants}\right)}-{{\displaystyle \sum \left(BondDissociationEnergy\right)}}_{\left(\text{products}\right)}$

If the value obtained for $\text{ΔH}$ in a reaction is positive then it is an endothermic reaction whereas the value obtained for $\text{ΔH}$ is negative it is an exothermic reaction.