Concept explainers
(a)
Interpretation:
The given set of carbo cations has to be ranked from most to least stable.
Concept introduction:
Carbocation: It is carbon ion that bears a positive charge on it.
Leaving group: It is a fragment that leaves from a substrate with a pair of electrons via
Carbocation stability order:
Resonance stabilization: Due to the delocalization of electrons within the molecule the overall energy becomes lower and makes that molecule more stable.
Nucleophile: Nucleophiles are electron rich compounds which donates electrons to electrophilic compounds which results in bond formation.
Nucleophilic nature depends on the negative charge present in the molecule, the solvent in which it present and the electronegativity of the atom.
Electrophile: Electrophiles are electron deficient compounds which accepts electrons from nucleophiles that results in bond formation.
(b)
Interpretation:
The given set of carbo cations has to be ranked from most to least stable.
Concept introduction:
Carbocation: It is carbon ion that bears a positive charge on it.
Leaving group: It is a fragment that leaves from a substrate with a pair of electrons via
Carbocation stability order:
Resonance stabilization: Due to the delocalization of electrons within the molecule the overall energy becomes lower and makes that molecule more stable.
Nucleophile: Nucleophiles are electron rich compounds which donates electrons to electrophilic compounds which results in bond formation.
Nucleophilic nature depends on the negative charge present in the molecule, the solvent in which it present and the electronegativity of the atom.
Electrophile: Electrophiles are electron deficient compounds which accepts electrons from nucleophiles that results in bond formation.
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Chapter 6 Solutions
EP ESSENTIAL ORG.CHEM.-MOD.MASTERING
- 2) Rank the following carbocations in order of stability. 1-most stable CH₂ CH CH*arrow_forwardArrange these carbocations in order of increasing stability:arrow_forwardArrange the following carbocations based on their stability. Least Stable 1 2 3 4 Most Stable H₂C H₂C H3C H3C H₂ HU H₂ HC+ DH CH3 CH3 CH3 CH3 CH₂ CH3 CH3 CH3arrow_forward
- (1R,2R)-1-Bromo-2-methylcyclopentane is reacted with sodium methoxide. Given the product(s) and show the reaction mechanism, including the depiction of the transition state. Draw an energy diagram for this conversion.arrow_forwardThis chapter continues to study allylic carbocations, specifically, benzylic carbocations. Because the positive charge can be delocalized to multiple sites, they are highly stabilized as allylic carbocations. However, they are not sufficiently stabilized to be classified as aromatic carbocations. Considering delocalization of charge, rank the following benzylic carbocations from most stable to least stable? H,c -CH3 CI 1. II. H3C III. H3C -CH3 -CH=CH2 V. H3C V. A. I> II> III> IV > V B. V> IV > III > II >I С. IV > V> II> II>I D. V> II> IV > III > I Е. I > II> I >V> IV F. IV > V> II>I>IIIarrow_forwardDraw the starting alkene that would lead to this the major product (and its enantiomer) under these conditions. Drawing H2 Pd/C OD0 000 F5 F4arrow_forward
- Which conformation represents the most stable conformation of trans-1-bromo-4-methylcyclohexane?arrow_forwardWe'll see in the next chapter that the stability of carbocations depends on the number of alkyl substituents attached to the positively charged carbon - the more alkyl substituents there are, the more stable the cation. Which of the two carbocations in each pair is more stable? If they are of equal stablility, specify this. a) b) H3C + CH3 gron CH3 -CH3 H₂C b -CH3 CH3 CH3arrow_forwardThe following carbocations are listed in increasing order of stability (least to greatest stability). CH3 H < CH CH3 H Link O True O Falsearrow_forward
Organic Chemistry: A Guided InquiryChemistryISBN:9780618974122Author:Andrei StraumanisPublisher:Cengage Learning