Concept explainers
(a)
Interpretation:
A plot of solubility as a function of temperature that can be used for interpolation should be plotted.
Concept introduction:
A hydrophilic pressure is one which shows higher attraction towards water molecules and other polar molecules than the oils and the other hydrophobic solvents. Serine is a non-acidic amino acid which shows higher hydrophilicity than any other amino acid.
(b)
Interpretation:
To estimate the mass of crystals produced per unit mass of feed solution and the fraction of serine fed that is recovered as crystalline product.
Concept introduction:
A hydrophilic pressure is one which shows higher attraction towards water molecules and other polar molecules than the oils and the other hydrophobic solvents. Serine is a non-acidic amino acid which shows higher hydrophilicity than any other amino acid.
(c)
Interpretation:
Estimate the mass of crystals produced per unit mass of feed solution and the fraction of serine fed that is recovered as crystalline product.
Concept introduction:
A hydrophilic pressure is one which shows higher attraction towards water molecules and other polar molecules than the oils and the other hydrophobic solvents. Serine is a non-acidic amino acid which shows higher hydrophilicity than any other amino acid.
(d)
Interpretation:
To explain reason for the serine is more hydrophilic than most other amino acids.
Concept introduction:
Because of the bonding which is uneven in the molecules they have partial charges that makes the molecules polar. A good example for the polar substance is water. In the water molecules the atom oxygen takes the electrons closer to it and that gives the electro negativity for the atom. As the water is hydrophilic it dissolves in other polar substance like water or the solvent that is watery.
(e)
Interpretation:
To sketch a flowchart for a process in which the methanol fed to the crystallizer in Part (c) is recycled.
Concept introduction:
The methanol crystallization is optimized by the RSM which is known as the response surface methodology along with the D optimal design. The developing procedure of the solvent crystallization is based on the parameters.
Want to see the full answer?
Check out a sample textbook solutionChapter 6 Solutions
Elementary Principles of Chemical Processes, Binder Ready Version
- Chemical Engineering Questionarrow_forwardA steam boiler or steam generator is a device used to produce steam by transferring heat to water. In our case, the combustion chamber is fueled with propane (C3H8) at a flowrate of 50.0 mol/h in an excess air of 50%. Assume that both propane and air are fed at 25ºC and the combustion gases leave the chamber at 200ºC. Pressure can be assumed to be atmospheric.* Determine: 1. The heat obtained assuming complete combustion. Compare the results using elements or compounds 2. The steam flowrate that could be generated if the heat is directed to obtain superheated steam at 2 bar and 160ºC from saturated liquid water at this pressure solvearrow_forwardIn a surface coating operation, a polymer (plastic) dissolved in liquid acetone is sprayed on a solid surface and a stream of hot air is then blown over the surface, vaporizing the acetone and leaving a residual polymer film of uniform thickness. Because environmental standards do not allow discharg- ing acetone into the atmosphere, a proposal to incinerate the stream is to be evaluated. The proposed process uses two parallel columns containing beds of solid particles. The air– acetone stream, which contains acetone and oxygen in stoichiometric proportion, enters one of the beds at 1500 mm Hg absolute at a rate of 1410 standard cubic meters per minute. The particles in the bed have been preheated and transfer heat to the gas. The mixture ignites when its temperature reaches 562 C, and combustion takes place rapidly and adiabatically. The combustion products then pass through and heat the particles in the second bed, cooling down to 350 C in the process. Period- ically the flow is…arrow_forward
- Propane is burned completely with excess oxygen. The product gas contains 24.5 mole% CO2, 6.10% CO, 40.8% H2O, and 28.6% O2. (a) Calculate the percentage excess O2 fed to the furnace. (b) A student wrote the stoichiometric equation of the combustion of propane to form CO2 and CO as: 2C3H8 + 11O2 → 3CO2 + 3CO + 8H2O According to this equation, CO2 and CO should be in a ratio of 1/1 in the reaction products, but in the product gas of Part (a) they are in a ratio of 24.8/6.12. Is that result possible? (Hint: Yes.) Explain howarrow_forwardEnumerate the various methods for catalyst preparation and discuss vividly any one of the methodsarrow_forward2. Design a spherical tank, with a wall thickness of 2.5 cm that will ensure that no more than 45 kg of hydrogen will be lost per year. The tank, which will operate at 500 °C, can be made from nickel, aluminum, copper, or iron (BCC). The diffusion coefficient of hydrogen and the cost per pound for each available material is listed in Table 1. Material Do (m2/s) Q (J/mol) Cost ($/kg) Nickel 5.5 x 10-7 37.2 16.09 Aluminium 1.6 x 10-5 43.2 2.66 Copper 1.1 x 10-6 39.3 9.48 Iron (BCC) 1.2 × 10-7 15.1 0.45 Table 1: Diffusion data for hydrogen at 500 °C and the cost of material.arrow_forward
- A flash drum at 1.0 atm is separating a feed consisting of methanol and water. If the feed rate is 2000 kg/h and the feed is 45 wt % methanol, what are the values of L (kg/h), V (kg/h), yM, xM (weight fractions), and Tdrum if 35% by weight of the feed is vaporized? VLE data are in Table 2-8.arrow_forwardQ1.B. Make a comparison between current control PWM rectifier in the abc reference frame and dq reference frame.arrow_forwardstep by steparrow_forward
- The power out of an adiabatic steam turbine is 5 MW and the steam enters turbine at 2 MPa and velocity of 50 m/s, specific enthalpy (h) of 3248 kJ/kg. The elevation of the inlet is 10 m higher than at the datum. The vapor mixture exits at 15 kPa and a velocity of 180 m/s, specific enthalpy (h) of 2361.01 kJ/kg. The elevation of the exit is 6 m higher than at the datum. Let g = 9.81 m/s². Assuming the ideal gas model and R = 0.462 KJ/(kg.K). The steam specific heat ratio is 1.283. Calculate:arrow_forwardstep by step pleasearrow_forwardstep by step pleasearrow_forward
- Introduction to Chemical Engineering Thermodynami...Chemical EngineeringISBN:9781259696527Author:J.M. Smith Termodinamica en ingenieria quimica, Hendrick C Van Ness, Michael Abbott, Mark SwihartPublisher:McGraw-Hill EducationElementary Principles of Chemical Processes, Bind...Chemical EngineeringISBN:9781118431221Author:Richard M. Felder, Ronald W. Rousseau, Lisa G. BullardPublisher:WILEYElements of Chemical Reaction Engineering (5th Ed...Chemical EngineeringISBN:9780133887518Author:H. Scott FoglerPublisher:Prentice Hall
- Industrial Plastics: Theory and ApplicationsChemical EngineeringISBN:9781285061238Author:Lokensgard, ErikPublisher:Delmar Cengage LearningUnit Operations of Chemical EngineeringChemical EngineeringISBN:9780072848236Author:Warren McCabe, Julian C. Smith, Peter HarriottPublisher:McGraw-Hill Companies, The