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Concept explainers
(a)
Interpretation: The validation of the given statement, “Increasing temperature increases reaction rate” is to be stated.
Concept introduction: According to Le Chatelier’s principle, equilibrium of the reaction shift towards the side that involves absorption of heat when the temperature is increased. The kinetic energy of molecules increases on increasing the temperature. It results in the faster rate of the reaction.
(b)
Interpretation: The validation of the given statement, “If a reaction is fast, it has a large rate constant” is to be stated.
Concept introduction: The rate constant is represented by
(c)
Interpretation: The validation of the given statement, “A fast reaction has a large negative
Concept introduction: The change in Gibbs free energy, enthalpy and entropy is represented by
The change in Gibbs free energy describes the spontaneity of the reaction. The change in enthalpy describes the relative bond strength in the substance, whereas the change in entropy describes the randomness in the system.
(d)
Interpretation: The validation of the given statement, “When
Concept introduction: The activation energy
(e)
Interpretation: The validation of the given statement, “Fast reactions have equilibrium constants
Concept introduction: The change in Gibbs free energy is represented by
If the
(f)
Interpretation: The validation of the given statement, “Increasing the concentration of a reactant always increases the rate of a reaction” is to be stated.
Concept introduction: The concentration of a reaction influences the rate of a reaction. The increase in concentration of a starting material results in increase of the rate of a reaction.
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Chapter 6 Solutions
ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- * How many milliliters of 97.5(±0.5) wt% H2SO4 with a density of 1.84(±0.01) g/mL will you need to prepare 2.000 L of 0.110 M H2SO4? * If the uncertainty in delivering H2SO4 is ±0.01 mL, calculate the absolute uncertainty in the molarity (0.110 M). Assume there is negligible uncertainty in the formula mass of NaOH and in the final volume (2.000 L) and assume random error.arrow_forwardYou are tasked with creating a calibration curve for the absorbance of cobalt solutions of various concentrations. You must prepare 5 standards with concentrations between 1.00 mg/L and 10.0 mg/L Co2+. You have a stock solution with a concentration of 40 mg/L Co2+ and all the standard lab glassware including transfer pipets and flasks. Explain how you would make your 5 standard solutions of various concentrations, including what glassware you would use to measure and prepare each solution.arrow_forwardPredict the product and write the mechanism. CH3-CH=CH-CH2-CH3 + NBS- hv CCl4arrow_forward
- How exactly is carbon disulfide used in industry? Specifically, where does it come in during rubber or textile production and what is the chemical processes?arrow_forwardA researcher has developed a new analytical method to determine the percent by mass iron in solids. To test the new method, the researcher purchases a standard reference material sample that is 2.85% iron by mass. Analysis of the iron standard with the new method returns values of 2.75%, 2.89%, 2.77%, 2.81%, and 2.87%. Does the new method produce a result that is significantly different from the standard value at the 95% confidence level?arrow_forwardCreate a drawing of an aceral with at least 2 isopropoxy groups, and a total of 11 carbon atomsarrow_forward
- 4. Predict the major product(s) for each of the following reactions. HBr (1 equiv.) peroxide, A a. b. NBS, peroxide, Aarrow_forwardIn addition to the separation techniques used in this lab (magnetism, evaporation, and filtering), there are other commonly used separation techniques. Some of these techniques are:Distillation – this process is used to separate components that have significantly different boiling points. The solution is heated and the lower boiling point substance is vaporized first. The vapor can be collected and condensed and the component recovered as a pure liquid. If the temperature of the mixture is then raised, the next higher boiling component will come off and be collected. Eventually only non-volatile components will be left in the original solution.Centrifugation – a centrifuge will separate mixtures based on their mass. The mixture is placed in a centrifuge tube which is then spun at a high speed. Heavier components will settle at the bottom of the tube while lighter components will be at the top. This is the technique used to separate red blood cells from blood plasma.Sieving – this is…arrow_forwardBriefly describe a eutectic system.arrow_forward
- Organic Chemistry: A Guided InquiryChemistryISBN:9780618974122Author:Andrei StraumanisPublisher:Cengage LearningLiving By Chemistry: First Edition TextbookChemistryISBN:9781559539418Author:Angelica StacyPublisher:MAC HIGHERChemistry & Chemical ReactivityChemistryISBN:9781133949640Author:John C. Kotz, Paul M. Treichel, John Townsend, David TreichelPublisher:Cengage Learning
- Organic ChemistryChemistryISBN:9781305580350Author:William H. Brown, Brent L. Iverson, Eric Anslyn, Christopher S. FootePublisher:Cengage Learning
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