Concept explainers
Urea (H2NCONH2) is used extensively as a nitrogen source in fertilizers. It is produced commercially from the reaction of ammonia and carbon dioxide:
Ammonia gas at 223°C and 90. atm flows into a reactor at a rate of 500. L/min. Carbon dioxide at 223°C and 45 atm flows into the reactor at a rate of 600. L/min. What mass of urea is produced per minute by this reaction assuming 100% yield?
Trending nowThis is a popular solution!
Chapter 5 Solutions
Chemistry
- 97 Homes in rural areas where natural gas service is not available often rely on propane to fuel kitchen ranges. The propane is stored as a liquid, and the gas to be burned is produced as the liquid evaporates. Suppose an architect has hired you to consult on the choice of a propane tank for such a new home. The propane gas consumed in 1.0 hour by a typical range burner at high power would occupy roughly 165 L at 25°C and 1.0 atm, and the range chosen by the client will have six burners. If the tank under consideration holds 500.0 gallons of liquid propane, what is the minimum number of hours it would take for the range to consume an entire tankful of propane? The density of liquid propane is 0.5077 kg/L.arrow_forwardA cylinder of compressed gas is labeled Composition (mole %): 4.5% H2S, 3.0% CO2, balance N2. The pressure gauge attached to the cylinder reads 46 atm. Calculate the partial pressure of each gas, in atmospheres, in the cylinder.arrow_forwardIn order to produce solid iron, it first must bc processed from its orc, Fe2O1, in a blast furnace. During operation, CO gas (flue gas) is introduced into the furnace at 1650 °C and a pressure of 250 kPa. In this process flue gas reduces iron to its elemental form in the following reaction: 41. Fe;O30) COg Fe+ COz At one point in this process 256.0 L of CO was used to reduce iron ore. Assuming a complete reaction, how many grams of solid iron can be produced. Balanced chemical equation: Mass of Fe (in grams)arrow_forward
- Some commercial drain cleaners use a mixture of sodium hydroxide and aluminum powder. When the solid mixture is poured into the drain and dissolves, a reaction ensues that produces hydrogen gas: 2NAOH(aq) + 2Al(s) + 6H20() - 2NAAI(OH)4(aq) + 3H2(g) Determine the pressure (in kPa) of hydrogen gas produced when 39.82 g of aluminum reacts with excess sodium hydroxide and water if the temperature is 38.17 C and the volume is 7.22 L. Provide your answer with TWO decimals.arrow_forwardUrea (H2NCONH2) is used extensively as a nitrogen source in fertilizers. Itis produced commercially from the reaction of ammonia and carbon dioxide: Ammonia gas at 223°C and 90. atm flows into a reactor at a rate of 500. L/min. Carbon dioxide at 223°C and 45 atm flows into the reactor at a rate of 600. L/min. What mass of urea is produced per minute by this reaction assuming 100% yield?arrow_forwardSome commercial drain cleaners use a mixture of sodium hydroxide and aluminum powder. When the solid mixture is poured into the drain and dissolves, a reaction ensures that produces hydrogen gas: 2NaOH(aq) + 2Al(s) + 6H2O(/) —> 2NaAl(OH)4 (aq) + 3H2(g) Determine the pressure (in kPa) of hydrogen gas produced when 10.79 g of aluminum reacts with excess sodium hydroxide and water if the temperature is 24.79°C and the volume is 7.34 L. Provide an answer with TWO decimals.arrow_forward
- The average kinetic energy of the molecules in a gas sample depends only on the temperature, T. However, given the same kinetic energies, a lighter molecule will move faster than a heavier molecule, as shown in the equation for rms speed 3 RT rms speed V M where R = 8.314 J/(mol·K) and M is molar mass in kilograms per mole. Note that a joule is the same as a kilogram-meter squared per second squared (kg-m²/Is?). What is the rms speed of Cl, molecules at 365 K? rms speed: m/s What is the rms speed of He atoms at 365 K? rms speed: m/sarrow_forwardThe thermal decomposition of ethylene occurs in manyindustrial contexts, for example, during ethylene transit inpipelines, formation of polyethylene, drying of the gas, and sep-arating it from impurities. The decomposition reaction is CH₂=CH₂(g)→CH₄(g)+C(graphite) .Assume that the decomposition begins at 10°C and 50.0 atm with agas density of 0.215 g/mL and the temperature increases by 950 K.What is the final pressure of the confined gas (ignore the vol-ume of graphite and use the van der Waals equation)?arrow_forwardEthene is converted to ethane by the reaction CH4(g) + H>(g) –→ C,H6(g) C,H4 flows into a catalytic reactor at 25.0 atm and 300.°C with a flow rate of 955.0 L/min. Hydrogen at 25.0 atm and 300.°C flows into the reactor at a flow rate of 1500. L/min. If 11.0 kg of C,H, are collected per minute, what is the percent yield of the reaction? %arrow_forward
- A sample of propane (C3H8) is placed in a closed vessel together with an amount of O₂ that is 2.00 times the amount needed to completely oxidize the propane to CO2 and H₂O at constant temperature. Part A Calculate the mole fraction of each component in the resulting mixture after oxidation, assuming that the H₂O is present as a gas. Enter your answers numerically separated by commas. Use 3 significant figures.arrow_forwardA typical passenger vehicle emits about 5,634 L of carbon dioxide per year. Octane (C8H18) is a hydrocarbon found in gasoline. How many kg of octane would need to be oxidized to produce 5,634 L of CO2? Assume the carbon dioxide is at 12.25ºC and 0.815 atm. Give your answer to 3 sig figs! 2 C8H18(l) + 25 O2(g) → 16 CO2(g) + 18 H2O(g)arrow_forwardW hat volume of chlorine gas at 25°C and 0.950 atm can be produced by the reaction of 12.0 g of MnO2 in excess HCl(aq)? MnO2(s) + 4HCl(aq) → MnCl2(aq) + 2H2O(l) + Cl2(g) (R = 0.08206 L • atm/K • mol)arrow_forward
- ChemistryChemistryISBN:9781305957404Author:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCostePublisher:Cengage LearningChemistry for Engineering StudentsChemistryISBN:9781337398909Author:Lawrence S. Brown, Tom HolmePublisher:Cengage Learning
- Chemistry: The Molecular ScienceChemistryISBN:9781285199047Author:John W. Moore, Conrad L. StanitskiPublisher:Cengage LearningChemistry: Principles and ReactionsChemistryISBN:9781305079373Author:William L. Masterton, Cecile N. HurleyPublisher:Cengage LearningChemistry & Chemical ReactivityChemistryISBN:9781337399074Author:John C. Kotz, Paul M. Treichel, John Townsend, David TreichelPublisher:Cengage Learning