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The nitrogen content of organic compounds can be determined by the Dumas method. The compound in question is first reacted by passage over hot CuO(s):
The product gas is then passed through a concentrated solution of KOH to remove the CO2. After passage through the KOH solution, the gas contains N2 and is saturated with water vapor. In a given experiment a 0.253-g sample of a compound produced 31.8 mL N2 saturated with water vapor at 25°C and 726 torr. What is the mass percent of nitrogen in the compound? (The vapor pressure of water at 25°C is 23.8 torr.)
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Chapter 5 Solutions
Chemistry
- According to the Resource Conservation and Recovery Act (RCRA), waste material is classified as toxic and must be handled as hazardous if the lead concentration exceeds 5 mg/L. By adding chloride ion, the lead ion will precipitate as PbCl2, which can be separated from the liquid portion. Once the lead has been removed, the rest of the waste can be sent to a conventional waste treatment facility. How many grams of sodium chloride must be added to 500 L of a waste solution to reduce the concentration of the Pb2+ ion from 10 to 5 mg/L?arrow_forwardA 4.72-g sample of methanol (CH3OH) was placed in an otherwise empty 1.00-L flask and heated to 250.C to vaporize the methanol. Over time, the methanol vapor decomposed by the following reaction: CH3OH(g)CO(g)+2H2(g) After the system has reached equilibrium, a tiny hole is drilled in the side of the flask allowing gaseous compounds to effuse out of the flask. Measurements of the effusing gas show that it contains 33.0 times as much H2(g) as CH3OH(g). Calculate K for this reaction at 250.C.arrow_forwardThe hydrocarbon naphthalene was frequently used in mothballs until recently, when it was discovered that human inhalation of naphthalene vapors can lead to hemolytic anemia. Naphthalene is 93.71% carbon by mass, and a 0.256-mole sample of naphthalene has a mass of 32.8 g. What is the molecular formula of naphthalene? This compound works as a pesticide in mothballs by. sublimation of the .solid so that it fumigates enclosed spaces with its vapors according to the equation Naphthalene(s)naphthalene(g)K=4.29106(at298K) If 3.00 g solid naphthalene is placed into an enclosed space with a volume of 5.00 L at 25C, what percentage of the naphthalene will have sublimed once equilibrium bas been established?arrow_forward
- Silicon forms a series of compounds analogous to the al-kanes and having the general formula SinH2n+2. The first of these compounds is silane, SiH4, which is used in the electronics industry to produce thin ultrapure silicon films. SiH4(g) is somewhat difficult to work with because it is py-ropboric at room temperature—meaning that it bursts into flame spontaneously when exposed to air. (a) Write an equation for the combustion of SiH4(g). (The reaction is analogous to hydrocarbon combustion, and SiO2 is a solid under standard conditions. Assume the water produced will be a gas.) (b) Use the data from Appendix E to calculate ? for this reaction. (c) Calculate G and show that the reaction is spontaneous at 25°C. (d) Compare G for this reaction to the combustion of methane. (See the previous problem.) Are the reactions in these two exercises enthalpy or entropy driven? Explain.arrow_forwardWet limestone is used to scrub SO2 gas from the exhaust gases of power plants. One possible reaction gives hydrated calcium sulfite: CaCO3(s) + SO2(g) + H2O() CaSO3 H2O(s) + CO2(g) Another reaction gives hydrated calcium sulfate: CaCO3(s) + SO2(g) + H2O() + O2(g) CaSO4 H2O(s) + CO2(g) (a) Which reaction is more product-favored at equilibrium? Use the data in the table below and any other information needed in Appendix L to calculate rG for each reaction at 25 C. (b) Calculate rG for the reaction CaSO3 H2O(s) + O2(g) CaSO4 H2O(s) Is this reaction product- or reactant-favored at equilibrium?arrow_forwardThe ore cinnabar (HgS) is an important source of mercury. Cinnabar is a red solid whose solubility in water is 5.5 X 10-2 mol L-1. Calculate its \p. What is its solubility' in grams per 100 g of water?arrow_forward
- What is the CORRECT equilibrium constant expression for the reaction of N2O (g) and O2(g) to produce NO(g)?arrow_forwardWater gas is a 1:1 mixture of carbon monoxide and hydrogen gas and is called water gas because it is formed from steam and hot carbon in the following reaction: H,0 (g) +C(s) =H,(g)+CO(g). Methanol, a liquid fuel that could possibly replace gasoline, can be prepared from water gas and hydrogen at high temperature and pressure in the presence of a suitable catalyst. What will happen to the concentrations of H,, CO, and CH,OH at equilibrium if more catalyst is added? (A Depends on the catalyst B Double Nothing D) Catalyst will be contaminatedarrow_forwardWhile ethanol CH3CH2OH is produced naturally by fermentation, e.g. in beer- and wine-making, industrially it is synthesized by reacting ethylene CH2CH2 with water vapor at elevated temperatures. A chemical engineer studying this reaction fills a 75L tank with 16.mol of ethylene gas and 27.mol of water vapor. When the mixture has come to equilibrium she determines that it contains 9.6mol of ethylene gas and 20.6mol of water vapor. The engineer then adds another 9.0mol of water, and allows the mixture to come to equilibrium again. Calculate the moles of ethanol after equilibrium is reached the second time. Round your answer to 2 significant digits.arrow_forward
- 5. When is Kp = Kc? O Whenever a reaction is homogeneous. Never. Whenever there is an equal number of molecules on each side of the equation. Whenever there is an equal number of molecules in the gas phase on each side of the equation.arrow_forward50.0 g of N2O4 is introduced into anevacuated 2.00 L vessel and allowed to come to equilibrium with its decomposition product, N2O4(g) 2NO2(g). For this reaction Kc= 0.133. Once the system has reached equilibrium, 5.00 g of NO2 isinjected into the vessel, and the system is allowed to equilibrate once again. Calculate the mass ofNO2 in the final equilibrium mixture.arrow_forwardPlease help and make sure that the significant figures are correct. Thank you in advance!arrow_forward
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