Biology (MindTap Course List)
11th Edition
ISBN: 9781337392938
Author: Eldra Solomon, Charles Martin, Diana W. Martin, Linda R. Berg
Publisher: Cengage Learning
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Chapter 44, Problem 10TYU
Summary Introduction
To explain: What indicates an increase in heart rate if nerves to the heart are cut.
Introduction: Heart is a hollow and muscular organ which is located under the breastbone in the chest cavity. The main function of the heart is the pumping of blood to various organs of the body. The speed of the heart beats in a minute is referred to as heart rate. In a healthy individual, the normal range of heart rate is 72 beats per minute.
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Examining the Effect of Temperature on Heart Rate
1. Explain the effect that decreasing the temperature had on the frog heart. How do you think the human heart would respond?
How well did the results compare with your prediction?
ACTIVITY 3
2. Describe why Ringer's solution is required to maintain heart contractions.
3. Explain the effect that increasing the temperature had on the frog heart. How do you think the human heart would respond?
How well did the results compare with your prediction?
Chapter 44 Solutions
Biology (MindTap Course List)
Ch. 44.1 - Types of Circulatory Systems Contrast internal...Ch. 44.1 - Compare how oxygen is transported to the body...Ch. 44.1 - Prob. 2CCh. 44.1 - What are five functions of the vertebrate...Ch. 44.2 - Prob. 2LOCh. 44.2 - Summarize the sequence of events involved in blood...Ch. 44.2 - Prob. 1CCh. 44.2 - Prob. 2CCh. 44.2 - Prob. 3CCh. 44.3 - Prob. 4LO
Ch. 44.3 - Prob. 1CCh. 44.3 - Prob. 2CCh. 44.4 - Prob. 5LOCh. 44.4 - Prob. 1CCh. 44.5 - Prob. 6LOCh. 44.5 - Prob. 7LOCh. 44.5 - Prob. 8LOCh. 44.5 - Prob. 1CCh. 44.5 - PREDICT A patients mitral valve (left AV valve)...Ch. 44.5 - Prob. 3CCh. 44.6 - Prob. 9LOCh. 44.6 - Prob. 1CCh. 44.6 - Prob. 2CCh. 44.7 - Prob. 10LOCh. 44.7 - Prob. 1CCh. 44.7 - Prob. 2CCh. 44.8 - Prob. 11LOCh. 44.8 - Prob. 1CCh. 44.8 - Prob. 2CCh. 44.9 - Trace the progression of atherosclerosis and...Ch. 44.9 - Prob. 1CCh. 44.9 - Prob. 2CCh. 44 - Which of the following are most closely associated...Ch. 44 - Prob. 2TYUCh. 44 - Prob. 3TYUCh. 44 - Prob. 4TYUCh. 44 - Prob. 5TYUCh. 44 - Prob. 6TYUCh. 44 - Prob. 7TYUCh. 44 - Prob. 8TYUCh. 44 - Test Your Understanding 9. VISUALIZE Draw a simple...Ch. 44 - Prob. 10TYUCh. 44 - Prob. 11TYUCh. 44 - Prob. 12TYUCh. 44 - Test Your Understanding 13. SCIENCE, TECHNOLOGY,...
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- Which of the following is unique to cardiac muscle cells? Only cardiac muscle contains a sarcoplasmic reticulum. Only cardiac muscle has gap junctions. Only cardiac muscle is capable of autorhythmicity Only cardiac muscle has a high concentration of mitochondria.arrow_forwardWhich component of the heart conduction system would have the slowest rate of firing? atrioventricular node atrioventricular bundle bundle branches Purkinje fibersarrow_forwardTest Your Understanding 13. SCIENCE, TECHNOLOGY, AND SOCIETY Explain the association between atherosclerosis and ischemic heart disease. Imagine that you were the Surgeon General of the United States. What types of programs would you advocate to decrease heart disease? Do you think that as a society we should invest resources into the development of stem cell therapies for more effective treatment of myocardial infarction?arrow_forward
- 4. Compare the action potentials of contractile cardiac muscle, autorhythmic cardiac muscle and skeletal muscle. Include similarities and differences. Mention resting membrane potential, pacemaker potential, If channels, sodium voltage-gated channels, potassium voltage-gated channels, calcium voltage-gated channels, depolarization, repolarization, hyperpolarization, pacemaker.arrow_forwardInvestigating the Refractory Period of Cardiac Muscle 1. Explain why the larger waves seen on the oscilloscope represent ventricular contraction. ACTIVITY 1 2. Explain why the amplitude of the wave did not change when you increased the frequency of the stimulation. (Hint: Relate your response to the refractory period of the cardiac action potential.) How well did the results compare with your prediction? 3. Why is it only possible to induce an extrasystole during relaxation? 4. Explain why wave summation and tetanus are not possible in cardiac muscle tissue. How well did the results compare with your prediction?arrow_forwardthreshold resting membrane potential decrease calcium channels increase action potentials The autonomic nervous system influences the heart rate. A sympathetic signal (norepinephrine) results in opening. This accelerates the process of reaching thereby resulting in a in time between successive action potentials. A parasympathetic signal (acetylcholine) results in the dropping to -70mV. This results in an in time for cells to reach threshold, thereby increasing the time between successivearrow_forward
- 13arrow_forwardAction potential of the heart it occurs when the cell reaches a point of stimulation, the sodium channel opens and rushes into the cell, this positive flow of electrons into the cell results to an electrical potential Phase 3 Phase O Phase 1 Phase 2arrow_forwardIn conditioned athletes, the resting Heart Rate is generally much lower than in non-athletes. Why? a-because long-term exercise reduces Cardiac Output at rest to conserve energy b-because athletes have a smaller Stroke Volume at rest, causing Heart Rate to decrease as well c-because long-term exercise leads to increased vagal tone which slows Heart Rate d-because athletes have stronger ventricles and therefore a larger Stroke Volume at rest, so they require fewer bpm to achieve the same Cardiac Outputarrow_forward
- Read this article (http://openstaxcollege.org/l/strokespell) to learn about a teenager who experiences a series of spells that suggest a stroke. He undergoes endless tests and seeks input from multiple doctors. In the end, one expert, one question, and a simple blood pressure cuff answers the question. Why would the heart have to beat faster when the teenager changes his body position from lying down to sitting, and then to standing?arrow_forwardIn the myogenic response, ________. muscle contraction promotes venous return to the heart ventricular contraction strength is decreased vascular smooth muscle responds to stretch endothelins dilate muscular arteriesarrow_forwardThe heart's internal pacemaker beats by: an internal implant that sends an electrical impulse through the heart the excitation of cardiac muscle cells at the sinoatrial node followed by the atrioventricular node the excitation of cardiac muscle cells at the atrioventricular node followed by the sinoatrial node the action of the sinusarrow_forward
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