Concept explainers
(1)
To determine: The sequence of the blood vessel and heart chambers through which a red blood cell pass on its way from the carotid artery to the superior vena cava.
Introduction: Most of the vertebrates have two types of circulation including pulmonary and systemic circulation in blood vessels. Pulmonary circulation circulates the deoxygenated blood to the lungs, to make it oxygenated and then it passes the blood to the heart. Systemic circulation circulates the oxygenated blood from the heart to the other body tissues and then revert the deoxygenated blood back to the heart.
(2)
To determine: The sequence of the blood vessels and heart chambers through which a red blood cell pass on its way from the renal vein to the renal artery.
Introduction: Most of the vertebrates have two types of circulation including pulmonary and systemic circulation in blood vessels. Pulmonary circulation circulates the deoxygenated blood to the lungs, to make it oxygenated and then it passes the blood to the heart. Systemic circulation circulates the oxygenated blood from the heart to the other body tissues and then revert the deoxygenated blood back to the heart.
Want to see the full answer?
Check out a sample textbook solutionChapter 44 Solutions
Biology (MindTap Course List)
- What does an erythrocyte gain by the loss of its nucleus and organelles? What three cellular processes can it no longer engage in due to the loss of its (a) nucleus and (b) mitochondria?arrow_forwardObserve the capillaries in Figure(a), (b), and (c) and label the capillary structures.arrow_forwardA normal human contains 5 liters of blood, approximately 2% of which isresident in the systemic (i.e., non-pulmonary) capillaries at any given time.(a) Assuming that the capillaries are 8 μm in diameter, estimate the totallength of capillaries in the body (excluding the lungs).(b) If an average capillary length is 1 mm, how many capillaries are therein the body?(c) Cardiac output is 5 l/min. Assuming that this is evenly distributedthroughout a parallel network consisting of the capillaries found in (b),estimate the pressure drop across the capillary bed. Assume Newtonian,laminar flow in the capillaries with μeff of 3.5 cP. What percentage ofthe total 85mmHg systemic pressure drop is this?arrow_forward
- Predict the effect of each of the following conditions on blood flow:(a) vasoconstriction of blood vessels in the skin in response to coldexposure, (b) vasodilation of blood vessels in the skin in response toelevated body temperature, and (c) erythrocytosis, which results in agreatly increased hematocrit.arrow_forwardThe renal artery branches off of the abdominal aorta. Together the kidneys receive about 25% of cardiac output (1.2-1.3 liters/minute) via the renal arteries. The vessel marked is seen in the sinus of the kidney. It is identified as an example of which of the following? Choose from the following: (A) interlobar artery (B) interlobular artery (C) segmental artery (D) arcuate arteryarrow_forwardIncreasing the volume of the plasma would function to (A) increase blood viscosity (B) decrease blood viscosityarrow_forward
- Along a capillary, _____ dominates at the arterial end and fluid moves _____; _____ dominates at the venous end and fluid moves _____. (a) osmosis, in; filtration, out (b) filtration, out; osmosis, in (c) filtration, in; osmosis, out (d) osmosis, out; filtration, inarrow_forwardHow does the control of blood flow to the skin for the purpose ofregulating body temperature differ from the control of nutrient blood flow to skin cells?arrow_forwardWhat is the function of the kidney in regulating erythrocyte concentration within the blood?arrow_forward
- A chemical called EDTA, like citrate, binds to (or “chelates”) Ca2+. Suppose a person had EDTA infused into their blood. What effect would this have on the intrinsic and extrinsic clotting pathways? How would these effects differ from the effects of aspirin on blood clotting?arrow_forwardFor each of the following starting places, name all the veins that a redblood cell would encounter on its way back to the right atrium.a. anterior interventricular groove of the heart (give two ways)b. venous sinus near the brainc. external posterior of skulld. hand (return deep and superficial)e. foot (return deep and superficial)f. stomachg. kidneyh. left inferior wall of the thoraxarrow_forwardFastyarrow_forward