Chapter 4.2, Problem 5RQ

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation :

The name of compound ${\text{H}}_{\text{2}}{\text{SO}}_{\text{4}}$ needs to be explained.

Concept Introduction :

A compound is said to be acidic in nature if there is one or more ionizable hydrogen ions present in it. The hydrogen atom is ionization if it is attached to more electronegative atom (generally oxygen).

Answer to Problem 5RQ

  ${\text{H}}_{\text{2}}{\text{SO}}_{\text{4}}$= sulfuric acid

Explanation of Solution

A substance that can accept an electron pair to form a covalent bond is also act as an acid. The given molecule has 2 H atoms, 1 S atom and 4 O atoms.

Two oxygen atoms are bonded to S atom via double bonds and two oxygen atoms via single bonds. The hydrogen atoms are attached to two oxygen atoms which are attached to S via single bonds. Thus, there are 2 ionizable hydrogen atoms and it is acidic in nature. The name of the compound is sulfuric acid.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation :

The name of compound HNO₃ needs to be explained.

Concept Introduction :

A compound is said to be acidic in nature if there is one or more ionizable hydrogen ions present in it. The hydrogen atom is ionization if it is attached to more electronegative atom (generally oxygen).

Answer to Problem 5RQ

  ${\text{HNO}}_{\text{3}}$ = nitric acid

Explanation of Solution

The given compound is made by the reaction of nitrogen dioxide ${\text{(NO}}_{\text{2}}\text{) }$ with water $\left({\text{H}}_{\text{2}}\text{O}\right)$ . There is 1 H atom, 1 N atom and 3 O atoms. Two oxygen atoms are bonded with N via double bonds. One oxygen atom is attached to N via single bond and 1 H atom. This H atom is ionizable and makes the given compound acidic in nature. So, the name of given compound is nitric acid.

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation :

The name of compound HBr needs to be explained.

Concept Introduction :

A compound is said to be acidic in nature if there is one or more ionizable hydrogen ions present in it. The hydrogen atom is ionization if it is attached to more electronegative atom (generally oxygen).

Answer to Problem 5RQ

  $\text{HBr}$ = hydrobromic acid

Explanation of Solution

The given compound is HBr. There is 1 H atom and 1 Br atom present in it. Due to higher electronegtaivity of Br than H, Br can pull the electron pair towards itself making H atom ionizable. Therefore, name of the compound is hydrobromic acid.

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation :

The name of compound HClO₄ needs to be explained.

Concept Introduction :

A compound is said to be acidic in nature if there is one or more ionizable hydrogen ions present in it. The hydrogen atom is ionization if it is attached to more electronegative atom (generally oxygen).

Answer to Problem 5RQ

  ${\text{HClO}}_{\text{4}}$ = Perchloric acid

Explanation of Solution

In the given compound, there is 1 H atom, 1 Cl atom and 4 O atoms. 3 O atoms are bonded to Cl via double bonds. One oxygen atom is bonded via single bond and has 1 H atom bonded to it. Thus, it is an acid and the name of the acid is perchloric acid.