Chapter 4, Problem 9A

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: Nomenclature of $\text{CuCl}$ ending with − ous or − ic has to be done.

Concept introduction: An ionic compound that contains only two elements, one present as a cation and one as an anion, is called a binary ionic compound. These compounds are of three types:

• Type I binary ionic compound: which contain ions of metals that can show only one type of oxidation state.
• Type II binary ionic compound: which contain ions of metals that can show more than one type of oxidation state.
• Type III binary ionic compound: contains ions that are generated from non metals.

Answer to Problem 9A

Nomenclature of $\text{CuCl}$ is Cuprous chloride as per the charge on Copper.

Explanation of Solution

Rules set for constituting nomenclature of binary ionic compounds are as follows:

• Position of both cation and anion forming element has to be identified for idea of their oxidation state.
• Always the cationic species name is retained and placed first in nomenclature.
• After the cation name, anion name is placed with suffix ‘-ide’ at the end of its root name.
• To indicate the charge on metal atom − ous is used in suffix when metal exhibit its lower oxidation state and − ic is used when higher oxidation state is used.

Cu can show $+1\&+2$ both oxidation states. In $\text{CuCl}$ the metal Cu is in $+1$ oxidation state and hence it is named as cuprous chloride.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: Nomenclature of ${\text{Fe}}_{\text{2}}{\text{O}}_3$ ending with − ous or − ic has to be done.

Concept introduction: An ionic compound that contains only two elements, one present as a cation and one as an anion, is called a binary ionic compound. These compounds are of three types:

• Type I binary ionic compound: which contain ions of metals that can show only one type of oxidation state.
• Type II binary ionic compound: which contain ions of metals that can show more than one type of oxidation state.
• Type III binary ionic compound: contains ions that are generated from non metals.

Answer to Problem 9A

Nomenclature of ${\text{Fe}}_{\text{2}}{\text{O}}_3$ is Ferric oxide as per the charge on iron.

Explanation of Solution

Rules set for constituting nomenclature of binary ionic compounds are as follows:

• Position of both cation and anion forming element has to be identified for idea of their oxidation state.
• Always the cationic species name is retained and placed first in nomenclature.
• After the cation name, anion name is placed with suffix ‘-ide’ at the end of its root name.
• To indicate the charge on metal atom − ous is used in suffix when metal exhibit its lower oxidation state and − ic is used when higher oxidation state is used.

Fe can show $+2\&+3$ both oxidation states. In ${\text{Fe}}_{\text{2}}{\text{O}}_3$ the metal Fe is in $+3$ oxidation state and hence it is named as Ferric oxide.

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: Nomenclature of ${\text{Hg}}_2{\text{Cl}}_{\text{2}}$ ending with − ous or − ic has to be done.

Concept introduction: An ionic compound that contains only two elements, one present as a cation and one as an anion, is called a binary ionic compound. These compounds are of three types:

• Type I binary ionic compound: which contain ions of metals that can show only one type of oxidation state.
• Type II binary ionic compound: which contain ions of metals that can show more than one type of oxidation state.
• Type III binary ionic compound: contains ions that are generated from non metals.

Answer to Problem 9A

Nomenclature of ${\text{Hg}}_2{\text{Cl}}_{\text{2}}$ is mercurous chloride as per the charge on mercury.

Explanation of Solution

Rules set for constituting nomenclature of binary ionic compounds are as follows:

• Position of both cation and anion forming element has to be identified for idea of their oxidation state.
• Always the cationic species name is retained and placed first in nomenclature.
• After the cation name, anion name is placed with suffix ‘-ide’ at the end of its root name.
• To indicate the charge on metal atom − ous is used in suffix when metal exhibit its lower oxidation state and − ic is used when higher oxidation state is used.

Hg can show $+1\&+2$ both oxidation states. In ${\text{Hg}}_2{\text{Cl}}_{\text{2}}$ the metal Hg is in $+1$ oxidation state and hence it is named as mercurous chloride.

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: Nomenclature of ${\text{MnCl}}_{\text{2}}$ ending with − ous or − ic has to be done.

Concept introduction: An ionic compound that contains only two elements, one present as a cation and one as an anion, is called a binary ionic compound. These compounds are of three types:

• Type I binary ionic compound: which contain ions of metals that can show only one type of oxidation state.
• Type II binary ionic compound: which contain ions of metals that can show more than one type of oxidation state.
• Type III binary ionic compound: contains ions that are generated from non metals.

Answer to Problem 9A

Nomenclature of ${\text{MnCl}}_{\text{2}}$ is manganous chloride as per the charge on manganese.

Explanation of Solution

Rules set for constituting nomenclature of binary ionic compounds are as follows:

• Position of both cation and anion forming element has to be identified for idea of their oxidation state.
• Always the cationic species name is retained and placed first in nomenclature.
• After the cation name, anion name is placed with suffix ‘-ide’ at the end of its root name.
• To indicate the charge on metal atom − ous is used in suffix when metal exhibit its lower oxidation state and − ic is used when higher oxidation state is used.

Mn can show $+2\text{to}+7$ both oxidation states. In ${\text{MnCl}}_{\text{2}}$ the metal Mn is in $+2$ oxidation state and hence it is named as manganous chloride.

(e)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: Nomenclature of ${\text{TiO}}_2$ ending with − ous or − ic has to be done.

Concept introduction: An ionic compound that contains only two elements, one present as a cation and one as an anion, is called a binary ionic compound. These compounds are of three types:

• Type I binary ionic compound: which contain ions of metals that can show only one type of oxidation state.
• Type II binary ionic compound: which contain ions of metals that can show more than one type of oxidation state.
• Type III binary ionic compound: contains ions that are generated from non metals.

Answer to Problem 9A

Nomenclature of ${\text{TiO}}_2$ is titanic oxide as per the charge on titanium.

Explanation of Solution

Rules set for constituting nomenclature of binary ionic compounds are as follows:

• Position of both cation and anion forming element has to be identified for idea of their oxidation state.
• Always the cationic species name is retained and placed first in nomenclature.
• After the cation name, anion name is placed with suffix ‘-ide’ at the end of its root name.
• To indicate the charge on metal atom − ous is used in suffix when metal exhibit its lower oxidation state and − ic is used when higher oxidation state is used.

Ti can show $+1\&+2$ both oxidation states. In ${\text{TiO}}_2$ the metal Ti is in $+2$ oxidation state and hence it is named as titanic oxide.

(f)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: Nomenclature of $\text{PbO}$ ending with − ous or − ic has to be done.

Concept introduction: An ionic compound that contains only two elements, one present as a cation and one as an anion, is called a binary ionic compound. These compounds are of three types:

• Type I binary ionic compound: which contain ions of metals that can show only one type of oxidation state.
• Type II binary ionic compound: which contain ions of metals that can show more than one type of oxidation state.
• Type III binary ionic compound: contains ions that are generated from non metals.

Answer to Problem 9A

Nomenclature of $\text{PbO}$ is plumbous oxide as per the charge on lead.

Explanation of Solution

Rules set for constituting nomenclature of binary ionic compounds are as follows:

• Position of both cation and anion forming element has to be identified for idea of their oxidation state.
• Always the cationic species name is retained and placed first in nomenclature.
• After the cation name, anion name is placed with suffix ‘-ide’ at the end of its root name.
• To indicate the charge on metal atom − ous is used in suffix when metal exhibit its lower oxidation state and − ic is used when higher oxidation state is used.

Pb can show $+2\&+4$ both oxidation states. In $\text{PbO}$ the metal Cu is in $+2$ oxidation state and hence it is named as plumbous oxide.