Chapter 4, Problem 39A

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The formula (including the charge) for the simple ion that the element is most likely to form with atomic number 36 is to be determined.

Concept introduction: Charge tells the number of electrons. For a neutral atom, charge is zero but if an electron is removed, atom becomes positive charge and if an electron is added, atom becomes negative charge.

Answer to Problem 39A

  $\text{Kr}$

Explanation of Solution

To find the ionic charge of an element it is important to look at the element and identify whether the element is a transitional element or not. Because transition element tends to have different ionic charges.

Therefore, it is important to look at the periodic table and identify the element.

Since, Krypton has the atomic number 36 and it is an noble gas therefore the formula for Krypton along with the charge is $\text{Kr}$ .

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The formula (including the charge) for the simple ion that the element of atomic number 31 is most likely to form, is to be written.

Concept introduction: Charge tells the number of electrons. For a neutral atom, charge is zero but if an electron is removed, atom becomes positive charge and if an electron is added, atom becomes negative charge.

Answer to Problem 39A

  ${\text{Ga}}^{\text{3+}}$

Explanation of Solution

To find the ionic charge of an element it is important to look at the element and identify whether the element is a transitional element or not. Because transition element tends to have different ionic charges.

Therefore, it is important to look at the periodic table and identify the element.

Since, Gallium is in group 13 and it has an charge of $3^{+}$ . Therefore, the formula along with the charge is ${\text{Ga}}^{\text{3+}}$

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

The formula (including the charge) for the simple ion that the element of atomic number 52 is most likely to form, is to be written.

Concept introduction: Charge tells the number of electrons. For a neutral atom, charge is zero but if an electron is removed, atom becomes positive charge and if an electron is added, atom becomes negative charge.

Answer to Problem 39A

  ${\text{Te}}^{\text{4+}}$

Explanation of Solution

To find the ionic charge of an element it is important to look at the element and identify whether the element is a transitional element or not. Because transition element tends to have different ionic charges.

Therefore, it is important to look at the periodic table and identify the element.

Since, Tellurium is in group 16. It possess a charge of $4^{+}$ . Therefore, the formula along with charge is ${\text{Te}}^{\text{4+}}$ .

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

The formula (including the charge) for the simple ion that the element of atomic number 81 is most likely to form, is to be written.

Concept introduction: Charge tells the number of electrons. For a neutral atom, charge is zero but if an electron is removed, atom becomes positive charge and if an electron is added, atom becomes negative charge.

Answer to Problem 39A

  ${\text{Tl}}^{\text{+}}$

Explanation of Solution

To find the ionic charge of an element it is important to look at the element and identify whether the element is a transitional element or not. Because transition element tends to have different ionic charges.

Therefore, it is important to look at the periodic table and identify the element.

Since, Thallium is in group 13 and is a transition metal. It has a charge of $1^{+}$ . Therefore, the formula along with the charge is ${\text{Tl}}^{\text{+}}$ .

(e)

Interpretation Introduction

The formula (including the charge) for the simple ion that the element is most likely to form, is to be written.

Concept introduction: Charge tells the number of electrons. For a neutral atom, charge is zero but if an electron is removed, atom becomes positive charge and if an electron is added, atom becomes negative charge.

Answer to Problem 39A

  ${\text{Br}}^{\text{-}}$

Explanation of Solution

To find the ionic charge of an element it is important to look at the element and identify whether the element is a transitional element or not. Because transition element tends to have different ionic charges.

Therefore, it is important to look at the periodic table and identify the element.

Since, Bromine is in group 17 and has a charge of $1^{-}$ . Therefore, the formula along with the charge is ${\text{Br}}^{\text{-}}$ .

(f)

Interpretation Introduction

The formula (including the charge) for the simple ion that the element of atomic number 87 is most likely to form, is to be written.

Concept introduction: Charge tells the number of electrons. For a neutral atom, charge is zero but if an electron is removed, atom becomes positive charge and if an electron is added, atom becomes negative charge.

Answer to Problem 39A

  ${\text{Fr}}^{\text{+}}$ .

Explanation of Solution

To find the ionic charge of an element it is important to look at the element and identify whether the element is a transition element or not. Because transition element tends to have different ionic charges.

Therefore, it is important to look at the periodic table and identify the element.

Since, Francium is in group 1 and has a charge of +1. Therefore, the formula along with the charge is ${\text{Fr}}^{\text{+}}$