General, Organic, & Biological Chemistry
3rd Edition
ISBN: 9780073511245
Author: Janice Gorzynski Smith Dr.
Publisher: McGraw-Hill Education
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Textbook Question
Chapter 4, Problem 4.42P
Draw a valid Lewis structure for each ion: (a)
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Use the observations about each chemical reaction in the table below to decide the sign (positive or negative) of the reaction enthalpy AH and reaction entropy
AS.
Note: if you have not been given enough information to decide a sign, select the "unknown" option.
reaction
observations
conclusions
A
The reverse of this reaction is always
spontaneous but proceeds slower at
temperatures below 41. °C.
ΔΗ is
(pick one)
AS is
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ΔΗ is
(pick one)
B
This reaction is spontaneous except above
94. °C.
AS is
(pick one)
This reaction is always spontaneous, but
ΔΗ is
(pick one)
C
proceeds slower at temperatures below
−14. °C.
AS is
(pick one)
Х
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B
1
1
Draw the product of the reaction shown below. Ignore inorganic
byproducts.
+
H
CH3CH2OH
HCI
Drawing
please explain this in simple terms
Chapter 4 Solutions
General, Organic, & Biological Chemistry
Ch. 4.1 - Use electron-dot symbols to show how a hydrogen...Ch. 4.1 - Use electron-dot symbols to show how two chlorine...Ch. 4.1 - How many covalent bonds are predicted for each...Ch. 4.1 - Fill in the lone pairs on each atom to give every...Ch. 4.1 - Prob. 4.5PCh. 4.1 - Draw a Lewis structure for each covalent molecule....Ch. 4.1 - Draw a Lewis structure for dimethyl ether (C2H6O)...Ch. 4.2 - Prob. 4.8PCh. 4.2 - Prob. 4.9PCh. 4.2 - Prob. 4.10P
Ch. 4.3 - Prob. 4.11PCh. 4.3 - Prob. 4.12PCh. 4.4 - Prob. 4.13PCh. 4.4 - Draw resonance structures for each polyatomic...Ch. 4.4 - Nitrous oxide, N2O, is a sweet-smelling gas...Ch. 4.5 - Name each compound: (a) CS2; (b) SO2; (c) PCl5;...Ch. 4.5 - Prob. 4.17PCh. 4.5 - What is the shape around the indicated atom in...Ch. 4.6 - NaNH2, sodium amid, is a salt that contains a...Ch. 4.6 - Prob. 4.20PCh. 4.7 - Using the trends in the periodic table, rank the...Ch. 4.7 - Use electronegativity values to classify the...Ch. 4.7 - Prob. 4.23PCh. 4.8 - Prob. 4.24PCh. 4.9 - Prob. 4.25PCh. 4.9 - Prob. 4.26PCh. 4 - For each pair of compounds, classify the bonding...Ch. 4 - For each pair of compounds, classify the bonding...Ch. 4 - Prob. 4.29PCh. 4 - How many bonds and lone pairs are typically...Ch. 4 - Prob. 4.31PCh. 4 - Fill in the lone pairs needed to give the main...Ch. 4 - Prob. 4.33PCh. 4 - Convert the 3-D model of the general anesthetic...Ch. 4 - Draw a valid Lewis structure for each molecule. Hl...Ch. 4 - Draw a valid Lewis structure for each molecule....Ch. 4 - Prob. 4.37PCh. 4 - Prob. 4.38PCh. 4 - Draw a valid Lewis structure for...Ch. 4 - Draw a valid Lewis structure for phosgene, CCl2O ,...Ch. 4 - Draw a valid Lewis structure for each ion: (a)...Ch. 4 - Draw a valid Lewis structure for each ion: (a)...Ch. 4 - Keeping in mind that some elements violate the...Ch. 4 - Keeping in mind that some elements violate the...Ch. 4 - Prob. 4.45PCh. 4 - Prob. 4.46PCh. 4 - Prob. 4.47PCh. 4 - Prob. 4.48PCh. 4 - Prob. 4.49PCh. 4 - Label each pair of compounds are resonance...Ch. 4 - Prob. 4.51PCh. 4 - Draw three resonance structures for the nitrate...Ch. 4 - Name each covalent compound. PBr3 SO3 NCl3 P2S5Ch. 4 - Name each covalent compound. SF6 CBr4 N2O P4O10Ch. 4 - Prob. 4.55PCh. 4 - Prob. 4.56PCh. 4 - Add lone pairs where needed to give octets and...Ch. 4 - Add lone pairs where needed to give octets and...Ch. 4 - Prob. 4.59PCh. 4 - Match each compound with one of the molecular...Ch. 4 - Prob. 4.61PCh. 4 - Add lone pairs where needed to give octets and...Ch. 4 - Prob. 4.63PCh. 4 - Considering each of the given ball-and stick...Ch. 4 - Prob. 4.65PCh. 4 - Prob. 4.66PCh. 4 - Prob. 4.67PCh. 4 - Predict the bond angles around the indicated atoms...Ch. 4 - Prob. 4.69PCh. 4 - Prob. 4.70PCh. 4 - Rank the atoms in each group in order of...Ch. 4 - Prob. 4.72PCh. 4 - Prob. 4.73PCh. 4 - Using electronegativity values, classify the bond...Ch. 4 - Label the bond formed between carbon and each of...Ch. 4 - Label the bond formed between fluroine and each of...Ch. 4 - Which bond in each pair is more polar-that is, has...Ch. 4 - Which bond in each pair is more polar-that is, has...Ch. 4 - Prob. 4.79PCh. 4 - Prob. 4.80PCh. 4 - Label the polar bonds and then decide if each...Ch. 4 - Label the polar bonds and then decide if each...Ch. 4 - Prob. 4.83PCh. 4 - Explain why H2O is a polar molecule but H2S is...Ch. 4 - Convert each ball-and-stick model to a Lewis...Ch. 4 - Convert each ball-and-stick model to a Lewis...Ch. 4 - Answer the following questions about the molecule...Ch. 4 - Answer the following question about the molecule...Ch. 4 - Prob. 4.89PCh. 4 - Lactic acid gives sour milk its distinctive taste....Ch. 4 - Prob. 4.91PCh. 4 - Prob. 4.92PCh. 4 - Prob. 4.93PCh. 4 - Prob. 4.94PCh. 4 - Isobutyl cyanoacrylate is used in medical glues to...Ch. 4 - Prob. 4.96PCh. 4 - Cyclopropane is a stable compound that contains...Ch. 4 - Prob. 4.98CPCh. 4 - Prob. 4.99CPCh. 4 - Prob. 4.100CP
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- Decide whether these proposed Lewis structures are reasonable. proposed Lewis structure Is the proposed Lewis structure reasonable? Yes. :0: Cl C C1: 0=0: : 0 : : 0 : H C N No, it has the wrong number of valence electrons. The correct number is: ☐ No, it has the right number of valence electrons but doesn't satisfy the octet rule. The symbols of the problem atoms are:* ☐ Yes. No, it has the wrong number of valence electrons. The correct number is: ☐ No, it has the right number of valence electrons but doesn't satisfy the octet rule. The symbols of the problem atoms are:* Yes. ☐ No, it has the wrong number of valence electrons. The correct number is: ☐ No, it has the right number of valence electrons but doesn't satisfy the octet rule. The symbols of the problem atoms are:* | * If two or more atoms of the same element don't satisfy the octet rule, just enter the chemical symbol as many times as necessary. For example, if two oxygen atoms don't satisfy the octet rule, enter "0,0".arrow_forwardDraw the Lewis structure for the polyatomic trisulfide anion. Be sure to include all resonance structures that satisfy the octet rule. с [ ] - Garrow_forward1. Calculate the accurate monoisotopic mass (using all 1H, 12C, 14N, 160 and 35CI) for your product using the table in your lab manual. Don't include the Cl, since you should only have [M+H]*. Compare this to the value you see on the LC-MS printout. How much different are they? 2. There are four isotopic peaks for the [M+H]* ion at m/z 240, 241, 242 and 243. For one point of extra credit, explain what each of these is and why they are present. 3. There is a fragment ion at m/z 184. For one point of extra credit, identify this fragment and confirm by calculating the accurate monoisotopic mass. 4. The UV spectrum is also at the bottom of your printout. For one point of extra credit, look up the UV spectrum of bupropion on Google Images and compare to your spectrum. Do they match? Cite your source. 5. For most of you, there will be a second chromatographic peak whose m/z is 74 (to a round number). For one point of extra credit, see if you can identify this molecule as well and confirm by…arrow_forward
- Please draw, not just describe!arrow_forwardcan you draw each step on a piece of a paper please this is very confusing to mearrow_forward> Can the molecule on the right-hand side of this organic reaction be made in good yield from no more than two reactants, in one step, by moderately heating the reactants? esc ? A O O •If your answer is yes, then draw the reactant or reactants in the drawing area below. You can draw the reactants in any arrangement you like. • If your answer is no, check the box under the drawing area instead. olo 18 Ar Explanation Check BB Click and drag to start drawing a structure. 2025 McGraw Hill LLC. All Rights Reserved. Terms of Use | Privacy Center Accessibilityarrow_forward
- Name the structurearrow_forward> For each pair of substrates below, choose the one that will react faster in a substitution reaction, assuming that: 1. the rate of substitution doesn't depend on nucleophile concentration and 2. the products are a roughly 50/50 mixture of enantiomers. Substrate A Substrate B Faster Rate X CI (Choose one) (Choose one) CI Br Explanation Check Br (Choose one) C 2025 McGraw Hill LLC. All Rights Reserved. Terms of Use | Privacy A F10arrow_forwardHow to draw this mechanism for the foloowing reaction in the foto. thank youarrow_forward
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