Introduction To Health Physics
5th Edition
ISBN: 9780071835275
Author: Johnson, Thomas E. (thomas Edward), Cember, Herman.
Publisher: Mcgraw-hill Education,
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Chapter 4, Problem 4.15P
How much
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Natural uranium is 0.7200% 235U and 99.27% 238U. What were the percentages of 235U and 238℃ in natural uranium when Earth
formed 4.5 x 109 years ago, respectively?
percentage 235U
percentage 238U
%
%
Many transuranium elements, such as neptunium-240, have very short half-lives. (For 240 Np, the half-life is 62 minutes.)
However, some, like uranium-233 (half-life is 1.59 x 10° years), have relatively long half-lives. Use the masses given in
the following table to calculate the change in energy when 1 mole of 240 Np nuclei and I mole of 23U nuclei are each
formed from their respective number of protons and neutrons.
Atom or Particle
Atomic Mass
Neutron
1.67493 x 10-24 g
Proton
1.67262 x 10-24 g
Electron
9.10939 x 10-28
240 Np
3.98623 x 102
233 U
3.86972 x 10 2"g
(Since the masses of 240 Np and 23 U are atomic masses, they each include the mass of the electrons present. The mass
of the nucleus will be the atomic mass minus the mass of the electrons.)
240
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Mantles for gas lanterns are made of thorium, because it forms an oxide that can survive being made incandescent for long periods of time. Natural thorium is almost 100% 232Th, with a half-life of 1.405 ✕ 1010 y. If the average lantern mantle contains 350 mg of thorium, what is its activity?=____Bq
Chapter 4 Solutions
Introduction To Health Physics
Ch. 4 - Prob. 4.1PCh. 4 - Prob. 4.2PCh. 4 - Prob. 4.3PCh. 4 - Prob. 4.4PCh. 4 - If we start with 5 mg of 210Pb , what would be the...Ch. 4 - Prob. 4.6PCh. 4 - Prob. 4.7PCh. 4 - Prob. 4.8PCh. 4 - Prob. 4.9PCh. 4 - For use in carcinogenesis studies, benzo(a)pyrene...
Ch. 4 - Prob. 4.11PCh. 4 - Calculate the number of beta particles emitted per...Ch. 4 - Prob. 4.13PCh. 4 - Prob. 4.14PCh. 4 - How much 234U is there in 1 metric ton of the...Ch. 4 - Prob. 4.16PCh. 4 - Prob. 4.17PCh. 4 - Prob. 4.18PCh. 4 - The mean concentration of potassium in crustal...Ch. 4 - Prob. 4.20PCh. 4 - Prob. 4.21PCh. 4 - Prob. 4.22PCh. 4 - Prob. 4.23PCh. 4 - Prob. 4.24PCh. 4 - Prob. 4.25PCh. 4 - Prob. 4.26PCh. 4 - Prob. 4.27PCh. 4 - Prob. 4.28PCh. 4 - Prob. 4.29PCh. 4 - Prob. 4.31PCh. 4 - Prob. 4.32PCh. 4 - Prob. 4.33PCh. 4 - Prob. 4.34PCh. 4 - Prob. 4.35PCh. 4 - Prob. 4.36PCh. 4 - Prob. 4.37PCh. 4 - Prob. 4.38PCh. 4 - Prob. 4.39PCh. 4 - Prob. 4.40PCh. 4 - Prob. 4.41PCh. 4 - Prob. 4.42PCh. 4 - Prob. 4.43PCh. 4 - What is the (a) half-life? (b) mean life (in...Ch. 4 - Prob. 4.45PCh. 4 - Prob. 4.46PCh. 4 - Prob. 4.47PCh. 4 - Prob. 4.48PCh. 4 - Prob. 4.49PCh. 4 - Prob. 4.53PCh. 4 - Prob. 4.54PCh. 4 - Prob. 4.55P
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Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, physics and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.Similar questions
- How many kilograms of water are needed to obtain the 198.8 mol of deuterium, assuming that deuterium is 0.01500% (by number) of natural hydrogen?arrow_forwardNeutrons from a source (perhaps the one discussed in the preceding problem) bombard natural molybdenum, which is 24 percent 98Mo. What is the energy output of the reaction 98Mo+n99Mo+ ? The mass of 98MB is given in Appendix A: Atomic Masses, and that of 99Mo is 98.907711 u.arrow_forwardData from the appendices and the periodic table may be needed for these problems. Natural uranium is 0.7200% 235U and 99.27% 238U. What were the percentages of 235U and 238U in natural uranium when Earth formed 4.5109 years age?arrow_forward
- Data from the appendices and the periodic table may be needed for these problems. Unreasonable Results (a) Repeat Exercise 31.57 but include the 0.0055% natural abundance of 234U with its 2.45105y halflife. (b) What is unreasonable about this result? (c) What assumption is responsible? (d) Where does the 234U come from if it is not primordial?arrow_forward(a) Calculate BE/A for 235U, the rarer of the two most common uranium isotopes. (b) Calculate BE/A for 238U. (Most of uranium is 238U.) Note that 238U has even numbers at both protons and neutrons. Is the BE/A of 238U significantly different from that of 235U?arrow_forward(a) Calculate the number of grams of deuterium in an 80.000L swimming pool, given deuterium is 0.0150% of natural hydrogen. (b) Find the energy released in joules if this deuterium is fused via the reaction 2H+2H3He+n. (c) Could the neutrons be used to create more energy? (d) Discuss the amount of this type of energy in a swimming pool as compared to that in, say, a gallon of gasoline, also taking into consideration that water is far more abundant.arrow_forward
- (a) How many 239Pu nuclei must fission to produce a 20.0kT yield, assuming 200 MeV per fission? (b) What is the mass of this much 239Pu?arrow_forward(a) Write the complete reaction equation for electron capture by 15. (b) Calculate the energy released.arrow_forwardA sealed box containing alloys of metal A and Metal B consisting of the same parts accordingly. Heavy metals A and B. These metals are radioactive with half-lives of 12 years and 18 years, respectively. When the box was opened it contained 0.53 kg A and 2.20 kg B. If radioactive metal A is known to be Radon-222, determine the radiactive activity in Curie.arrow_forward
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