Chapter 4, Problem 4.10P

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

It should be determined that how many independent material balance may be written for this system.

Concept introduction:

The independent material balance is when the stoichiometric equation of anyone of them can not be obtained by adding or subtracting multiples of the stoichiometric equation of the others.

The material balances are non independent; if two molecular species are in same ratio to each other wherever they appear and if two atomic species are in same ratio to each other wherever they occur.

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

Calculate $\stackrel{.}{m_C},\stackrel{.}{m_E,}$ and $\stackrel{.}{m_R}$ using the given mixture feed rate as a basis and writing balance in an order where never have an equation that involves more than one unknown variable.

Concept introduction:

In order to understand different variables and components of a system, the analysis of degree of freedom can work better. If the degree of freedom is zero then the problem is specified.

The degree of freedom is explained as:

$F=m-n-p-s$

Where, m is total number of independent stream variables, n is number of independent balances, p is total number of specified terms and s is total number of subsidiary relation.

Interpretation Introduction

(c)

Interpretation:

Calculate the difference between amount of acetic acid in the feed mixture and that in the 0.5% mixture and show that it equals the amount that leaves in the 9.6% mixture.

Concept introduction:

In any system, for any conserved quantity like total mass, mass of particular species, momentum, energy etc. the balance can be expressed as follows:

$Input+generation-output-consumption=Accumulation$

Where, input is feed that enters through system boundary, generation is the content produced within system, output is the content which leaves the system and consumption is the feed consumed within the system while accumulation is the actual product build up in the system.

Interpretation Introduction

(d)

Interpretation:

Sketch a flow chart of a two-unit process that might be used to recover nearly pure acetic acid from an acetic acid-water mixture.

Concept introduction:

Actually, when a few process information is given and the calculation is to be done on the basis of the information, then in such conditions, flowchart creation is the best way to deal with. It is formed with the help of boxes and arrows to show the process and outline the process units. The arrow lines can show inputs and outputs which help in better understanding of the process.