DeGarmo's Materials and Processes in Manufacturing
12th Edition
ISBN: 9781118987674
Author: J. T. Black, Ronald A. Kohser
Publisher: WILEY
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Chapter 38, Problem 23RQ
What are the attractive properties of hybrid processes that combine laser and arc weldings?
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Two large tanks, each holding 100 L of liquid, are interconnected by pipes, with the liquid flowing from tank
A into tank B at a rate of 3 L/min and from B into A at a rate of 1 L/min (see Figure Q1). The liquid inside each
tank is kept well stirred. A brine solution with a concentration of 0.2 kg/L of salt flows into tank A at a rate of
6 L/min. The diluted solution flows out of the system from tank A at 4 L/min and from tank B at 2 L/min. If,
initially, tank A contains pure water and tank B contains 20 kg of salt.
A
6 L/min
0.2 kg/L
x(t)
100 L
4 L/min
x(0) = 0 kg
3 L/min
B
y(t)
100 L
y(0) = 20 kg
2 L/min
1 L/min
Figure Q1 - Mixing problem for interconnected tanks
Determine the mass of salt in each tank at time t > 0:
Analytically (hand calculations)
Two springs and two masses are attached in a straight vertical line as shown in Figure Q3. The system is set
in motion by holding the mass m₂ at its equilibrium position and pushing the mass m₁ downwards of its
equilibrium position a distance 2 m and then releasing both masses. if m₁ = m₂ = 1 kg, k₁ = 3 N/m and
k₂ = 2 N/m.
www.m
k₁ = 3
(y₁ = 0).
m₁ = 1
k2=2
(y₂ = 0)
|m₂ = 1
Y2
y 2
System in
static
equilibrium
(Net change in
spring length
=32-31)
System in
motion
Figure Q3 - Coupled mass-spring system
Determine the equations of motion y₁(t) and y₂(t) for the two masses m₁ and m₂ respectively:
Analytically (hand calculations)
100
As a spring is heated, its spring constant decreases. Suppose the spring is heated and then cooled so that the
spring constant at time t is k(t) = t sin N/m. If the mass-spring system has mass m = 2 kg and a
damping constant b = 1 N-sec/m with initial conditions x(0) = 6 m and x'(0) = -5 m/sec and it is
subjected to the harmonic external force f(t) = 100 cos 3t N. Find at least the first four nonzero terms in
a power series expansion about t = 0, i.e. Maclaurin series expansion, for the displacement:
Analytically (hand calculations)
Chapter 38 Solutions
DeGarmo's Materials and Processes in Manufacturing
Ch. 38 - What are some joining conditions where welding...Ch. 38 - What are some of the lower-temperature methods of...Ch. 38 - In what ways is a thermit weld similar to the...Ch. 38 - What is the source of the welding heat in thermit...Ch. 38 - For what types of applications might thermit...Ch. 38 - What is the source of the welding heat in...Ch. 38 - What are some of the various functions of the slag...Ch. 38 - Electroslag welding would be most attractive for...Ch. 38 - What is the source of heat in electron-beam...Ch. 38 - Why is a high vacuum required in the electron-beam...
Ch. 38 - What types of production limitations are imposed...Ch. 38 - What are the major assets and negative features of...Ch. 38 - What are some of the attractive features of...Ch. 38 - What is unique about the fusion zone geometry of...Ch. 38 - Describe the weld pool geometry and size of the...Ch. 38 - What is an autogenous weld?Ch. 38 - What might be necessary to permit the laser...Ch. 38 - What are some of the Ways in which laser-beam...Ch. 38 - What are the three common types of industrial...Ch. 38 - Which type of laser light can be transmitted...Ch. 38 - What are some of the attractive features of a...Ch. 38 - Why is laser-beam welding an attractive process...Ch. 38 - What are the attractive properties of hybrid...Ch. 38 - Prob. 24RQCh. 38 - What is the function of the assist gas in...Ch. 38 - What is the difference between exothermic cutting...Ch. 38 - Which type of laser is preferred for cutting...Ch. 38 - Prob. 28RQCh. 38 - Prob. 29RQCh. 38 - What features have made lasers a common means of...Ch. 38 - What are some of the attractive features of laser...Ch. 38 - What are some common objectives of surfacing...Ch. 38 - What types of materials are applied by surfacing...Ch. 38 - Prob. 34RQCh. 38 - What is the benefit of high-velocity oxyfuel...Ch. 38 - What are some of the arc or plasma techniques that...Ch. 38 - How is thermal spraying similar to surfacing? How...Ch. 38 - Prob. 38RQCh. 38 - Prob. 39RQCh. 38 - Provide a reasonable definition of brazing?Ch. 38 - What are some key differences between brazing and...Ch. 38 - What kinds of materials or combinations can be...Ch. 38 - What advantages can be gained by the lower...Ch. 38 - Why do brazed joints have an enhanced...Ch. 38 - What is the most important factor influencing the...Ch. 38 - How does capillary action relate to joint...Ch. 38 - Why is it necessary to adjust the initial...Ch. 38 - What is wettability? Fluidity? How do each relate...Ch. 38 - What are the two most common types of brazed...Ch. 38 - How do the butt-lap and scarf joint configurations...Ch. 38 - What are some important considerations when...Ch. 38 - What are some of the most commonly used brazing...Ch. 38 - Why are eutectic alloys attractive as brazing...Ch. 38 - What special measures should be taken when brazing...Ch. 38 - What are the three primary functions of a brazing...Ch. 38 - Why is it important to preclean brazing surfaces...Ch. 38 - How might braze metal be preloaded into joints?Ch. 38 - What is the purpose of brazing jigs and fixtures?Ch. 38 - 59- What are some factors to consider when...Ch. 38 - What are the advantages and disadvantages of torch...Ch. 38 - What is the primary attraction of furnace-brazing...Ch. 38 - Why might reducing atmospheres or a vacuum be...Ch. 38 - What are some of the attractive features of...Ch. 38 - Why is dip brazing usually restricted to use with...Ch. 38 - What are some of the attractive features of...Ch. 38 - Why is flux removal a necessary part of many...Ch. 38 - What benefits can be achieved through fluxless...Ch. 38 - How does braze welding differ from traditional...Ch. 38 - What is the primary difference between brazing and...Ch. 38 - What are the six steps of a soldering operation?Ch. 38 - Why is soldering unattractive if a high-strength...Ch. 38 - For many years, the most common solders have been...Ch. 38 - What is driving the conversion to lead-free...Ch. 38 - What are some of the difficulties encountered when...Ch. 38 - What are the two basic families of soldering flux?Ch. 38 - What are some of the more common heat sources for...Ch. 38 - Why is wave soldering attractive for making the...Ch. 38 - Describe the vapor-phase soldering process.Ch. 38 - A common problem with brazed or soldered joints is...Ch. 38 - When molten metal deposition is applied to a...Ch. 38 - Prob. 3P
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