General, Organic, and Biological Chemistry
General, Organic, and Biological Chemistry
7th Edition
ISBN: 9781285853918
Author: H. Stephen Stoker
Publisher: Cengage Learning
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Chapter 3.6, Problem 4QQ
Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Shape of 1s orbital has to be chosen from the given options.

Concept Introduction:

Electrons are present outside the nucleus of an atom.  These electrons are restricted to some specific regions around the nucleus of an atom.  Electrons do move rapidly in the space about the nucleus is divided into subspaces that are known as shells, subshells and orbitals.

Electron shells are the space region that is present around the nucleus and this contains electrons that possess approximately same energy and which spend most of their time in the same distance from nucleus.  Electron shells are numbered as 1, 2, 3, and so on.  The energy of electron increases as the distance between the nucleus and electron shell increases.  Electron shell can accommodate electrons and it varies because higher the electron shell number, more is the number of electrons that can be present in it.

Electron subshell is the space region in the electron shell which contains the electrons that have same energy.  The number of electron subshell present for each electron shell depends upon the shell number.  Electrons are added to the electron subshell in the electron shell.  The number of electron subshell that is present in an electron shell depends only on the shell number.  If the shell number is 1, then there is only one electron subshell.  If the shell number is 2 means then there is two electron subshells and so on.

Electron orbital is the space region in electron subshell where the electrons with specific energy are most likely to be found.  An electron orbital can hold only two electrons irrespective of the other considerations.  “s” subshell has one orbital, “p” subshell has three orbital, “d” subshell has five orbital and “f” subshell has seven orbitals.

Each and every orbitals have distinct shape.  This does not depend upon the shell number.  “s” orbital is spherical shape, “p” orbital has two lobes, “d” orbitals have four lobes, and “f” orbital has eight lobes.

Electrons that are present within an orbital “move about” in an orbital.  Electron spins on its own either in clockwise or anticlockwise direction.  In an orbital, the two electrons that are present will have opposite spin.  If one electron spins in clockwise direction, the other electron will spin in anticlockwise direction in an orbital.  For two electrons present in the same orbital, this is the most favorable state energetically.

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Chapter 3 Solutions

General, Organic, and Biological Chemistry

Ch. 3.3 - Prob. 1QQCh. 3.3 - Prob. 2QQCh. 3.3 - What is the atomic mass of a hypothetical element...Ch. 3.3 - The element chlorine, which has two isotopic...Ch. 3.4 - Based on periodic table location, which pair of...Ch. 3.4 - Prob. 2QQCh. 3.4 - Prob. 3QQCh. 3.4 - Which of the following pieces of information about...Ch. 3.4 - Prob. 5QQCh. 3.5 - Prob. 1QQCh. 3.5 - Prob. 2QQCh. 3.5 - Prob. 3QQCh. 3.5 - Prob. 4QQCh. 3.6 - Prob. 1QQCh. 3.6 - Prob. 2QQCh. 3.6 - The maximum number of electrons that an electron...Ch. 3.6 - Prob. 4QQCh. 3.6 - Prob. 5QQCh. 3.6 - How many electrons can a 3d subshell accommodate?...Ch. 3.6 - Prob. 7QQCh. 3.7 - An electron configuration is a statement of how...Ch. 3.7 - How many electrons are present in atoms of the...Ch. 3.7 - The correct electron configuration for atoms of...Ch. 3.7 - Which of the following statements is consistent...Ch. 3.7 - Prob. 5QQCh. 3.7 - How many unpaired electrons are presents in the...Ch. 3.8 - Prob. 1QQCh. 3.8 - Prob. 2QQCh. 3.8 - Which of the following elements is located in the...Ch. 3.8 - Prob. 4QQCh. 3.9 - Which of the following elements is a noble-gas...Ch. 3.9 - Which of the following element-classification...Ch. 3.9 - Prob. 3QQCh. 3 - Indicate which subatomic particle (proton,...Ch. 3 - Prob. 3.2EPCh. 3 - Indicate whether each of the following statements...Ch. 3 - Indicate whether each of the following statements...Ch. 3 - How many protons, neutrons, and electrons are...Ch. 3 - Prob. 3.6EPCh. 3 - Prob. 3.7EPCh. 3 - Prob. 3.8EPCh. 3 - Prob. 3.9EPCh. 3 - What is the atomic number for atoms composed of...Ch. 3 - Prob. 3.11EPCh. 3 - Prob. 3.12EPCh. 3 - Prob. 3.13EPCh. 3 - What is the total number of nucleons present for...Ch. 3 - What is the total number of charged subatomic...Ch. 3 - What is the total number of charged subatomic...Ch. 3 - Prob. 3.17EPCh. 3 - What is the total charge (including sign)...Ch. 3 - Complete the following table by filling in the...Ch. 3 - Complete the following table by filling in the...Ch. 3 - An atom with an number of 11 contains 36 subatomic...Ch. 3 - An atom with an atomic number of 17 contains 52...Ch. 3 - Prob. 3.23EPCh. 3 - Determine the following information for an atom...Ch. 3 - Prob. 3.25EPCh. 3 - Prob. 3.26EPCh. 3 - The atomic number of the element carbon (C) is 6....Ch. 3 - The atomic number of the element sulfur (S) is 16....Ch. 3 - The following are selected properties of the most...Ch. 3 - The following are selected properties of the most...Ch. 3 - Calculate the atomic mass of each of the following...Ch. 3 - Calculate the atomic mass of each of the following...Ch. 3 - The element copper (Cu) has an atomic mass of...Ch. 3 - The element lithium (Li) has an atomic mass of...Ch. 3 - Using the information given in the following...Ch. 3 - Using the information given in the table in...Ch. 3 - Prob. 3.37EPCh. 3 - Indicate whether each of the following statements...Ch. 3 - Prob. 3.39EPCh. 3 - Indicate whether each of the following numbers are...Ch. 3 - Write the complete chemical symbol (EZA) for the...Ch. 3 - Write the complete chemical symbol (EZA) for the...Ch. 3 - Prob. 3.43EPCh. 3 - Prob. 3.44EPCh. 3 - Prob. 3.45EPCh. 3 - Prob. 3.46EPCh. 3 - Based on periodic table position, select the two...Ch. 3 - Based on periodic table position, select the two...Ch. 3 - Prob. 3.49EPCh. 3 - Prob. 3.50EPCh. 3 - How many elements exist with an atomic number less...Ch. 3 - How many elements exist with an atomic number...Ch. 3 - Prob. 3.53EPCh. 3 - Prob. 3.54EPCh. 3 - With the help of the periodic table, write...Ch. 3 - With the help of the periodic table, write...Ch. 3 - Prob. 3.57EPCh. 3 - Prob. 3.58EPCh. 3 - Prob. 3.59EPCh. 3 - Identify the nonmetal in each of the following...Ch. 3 - Prob. 3.61EPCh. 3 - Classify each of the following general physical...Ch. 3 - Prob. 3.63EPCh. 3 - Determine the following, using the periodic table...Ch. 3 - Which of the six elements nitrogen, beryllium,...Ch. 3 - Prob. 3.66EPCh. 3 - Prob. 3.67EPCh. 3 - Prob. 3.68EPCh. 3 - How many electrons can be accommodated in each of...Ch. 3 - How many electrons can be accommodated in each of...Ch. 3 - Prob. 3.71EPCh. 3 - Prob. 3.72EPCh. 3 - Prob. 3.73EPCh. 3 - How many electron orbitals are there of each of...Ch. 3 - Indicate whether each of the following statements...Ch. 3 - Indicate whether each of the following statements...Ch. 3 - Write complete electron configurations for atoms...Ch. 3 - Write complete electron configurations for atoms...Ch. 3 - Prob. 3.79EPCh. 3 - On the basis of the total number of electrons...Ch. 3 - Write complete electron configurations for atoms...Ch. 3 - Write complete electron configurations for atoms...Ch. 3 - Draw the orbital diagram associated with each of...Ch. 3 - Draw the orbital diagram associated with each of...Ch. 3 - How many unpaired electrons are present in each of...Ch. 3 - Prob. 3.86EPCh. 3 - The electron configuration of the isotope 16O is...Ch. 3 - The electron configuration of the isotope 24Mg is...Ch. 3 - Write electron configurations for the following...Ch. 3 - Write electrons configurations for the following...Ch. 3 - Indicate whether the elements represented by the...Ch. 3 - Prob. 3.92EPCh. 3 - Prob. 3.93EPCh. 3 - Specify the location of each of the following...Ch. 3 - For each of the following elements, specify the...Ch. 3 - For each of the following elements, specify the...Ch. 3 - Prob. 3.97EPCh. 3 - Prob. 3.98EPCh. 3 - Classify each of the following elements as a noble...Ch. 3 - Classify each of the following elements as a noble...Ch. 3 - Prob. 3.101EPCh. 3 - Prob. 3.102EPCh. 3 - Classify the element with each of the following...Ch. 3 - Classify the element with each of the following...
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