Physics (5th Edition)
5th Edition
ISBN: 9780134051802
Author: Walker
Publisher: PEARSON
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Chapter 31.1, Problem 1EYU
To determine
The concept of the nucleus was introduced in which model of the atom.
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QUESTION 19
In 1911, when Rutherford observed alpha particles being scattered at back angles from a
gold foil, he reached the conclusion that
alpha particles are helium nuclei.
alpha particles are very tightly bound.
the plum-pudding model of the atom must be wrong .
gold has a much higher atomic number than previously thought.
Which of the following best describes the atom?
I - Large-mass positive charges are found inside the nucleus.
II - Smaller-mass negative charges are found outside the nucleus.
III - Large-mass neutral charges are found outside the nucleus.
O I & II
O I & III
O II & III
O I, II, & III
How does the wave model of electrons orbiting the nucleus account for the fact that the electrons can have only discrete energy values?
Question options:
The wave model accounts for the types of orbitals an electron may occupy, not it's energy levels.
Electrons are only able to vibrate at particular frequencies.
The energy values of an electron only occur where its wave properties and probability clouds are mutually reinforcing.
When an electron wave is confined as standing wave, it is reinforced only at particular frequencies.
Chapter 31 Solutions
Physics (5th Edition)
Ch. 31.1 - Prob. 1EYUCh. 31.2 - Prob. 2EYUCh. 31.3 - Prob. 3EYUCh. 31.4 - Prob. 4EYUCh. 31.5 - Prob. 5EYUCh. 31.6 - Prob. 6EYUCh. 31.7 - Prob. 7EYUCh. 31 - Prob. 1CQCh. 31 - Prob. 2CQCh. 31 - Prob. 3CQ
Ch. 31 - Prob. 4CQCh. 31 - Prob. 5CQCh. 31 - Prob. 6CQCh. 31 - Prob. 7CQCh. 31 - Prob. 8CQCh. 31 - Prob. 9CQCh. 31 - Prob. 1PCECh. 31 - Prob. 2PCECh. 31 - Prob. 3PCECh. 31 - Prob. 4PCECh. 31 - Prob. 5PCECh. 31 - Prob. 6PCECh. 31 - Prob. 7PCECh. 31 - Prob. 8PCECh. 31 - Prob. 9PCECh. 31 - Prob. 10PCECh. 31 - Prob. 11PCECh. 31 - Prob. 12PCECh. 31 - Prob. 13PCECh. 31 - Prob. 14PCECh. 31 - Prob. 15PCECh. 31 - Prob. 16PCECh. 31 - Prob. 17PCECh. 31 - Prob. 18PCECh. 31 - Prob. 19PCECh. 31 - Prob. 20PCECh. 31 - Prob. 21PCECh. 31 - Prob. 22PCECh. 31 - Prob. 23PCECh. 31 - Prob. 24PCECh. 31 - Prob. 25PCECh. 31 - Prob. 26PCECh. 31 - Prob. 27PCECh. 31 - Prob. 28PCECh. 31 - Prob. 29PCECh. 31 - Prob. 30PCECh. 31 - Prob. 31PCECh. 31 - Prob. 32PCECh. 31 - Prob. 33PCECh. 31 - Prob. 34PCECh. 31 - Prob. 35PCECh. 31 - Prob. 36PCECh. 31 - Prob. 37PCECh. 31 - Prob. 38PCECh. 31 - Prob. 39PCECh. 31 - Prob. 40PCECh. 31 - Prob. 41PCECh. 31 - Prob. 42PCECh. 31 - Prob. 43PCECh. 31 - Prob. 44PCECh. 31 - Prob. 45PCECh. 31 - Prob. 46PCECh. 31 - Prob. 47PCECh. 31 - Prob. 48PCECh. 31 - Prob. 49PCECh. 31 - Prob. 50PCECh. 31 - Prob. 51PCECh. 31 - Prob. 52PCECh. 31 - Give the electronic configuration for the ground...Ch. 31 - Prob. 54PCECh. 31 - Prob. 55PCECh. 31 - Prob. 56PCECh. 31 - The configuration of the outer electrons in Ni is...Ch. 31 - Prob. 58PCECh. 31 - Prob. 59PCECh. 31 - Prob. 60PCECh. 31 - Prob. 61PCECh. 31 - Prob. 62PCECh. 31 - Prob. 63PCECh. 31 - Prob. 64PCECh. 31 - Prob. 65PCECh. 31 - Prob. 66PCECh. 31 - Prob. 67PCECh. 31 - Prob. 68GPCh. 31 - Prob. 69GPCh. 31 - Prob. 70GPCh. 31 - Prob. 71GPCh. 31 - Prob. 72GPCh. 31 - Prob. 73GPCh. 31 - Prob. 74GPCh. 31 - Prob. 75GPCh. 31 - Prob. 76GPCh. 31 - Prob. 77GPCh. 31 - Prob. 78GPCh. 31 - Prob. 79GPCh. 31 - Prob. 80GPCh. 31 - Prob. 81GPCh. 31 - Prob. 82GPCh. 31 - Prob. 83GPCh. 31 - Prob. 84PPCh. 31 - Prob. 85PPCh. 31 - Prob. 86PPCh. 31 - Prob. 87PPCh. 31 - Prob. 88PPCh. 31 - Prob. 89PP
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Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, physics and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.Similar questions
- Identify the shell, subshell, and number of electrons for the following: (a) 2P3. (b)4d9. (c) 3s1. (d) 5g16.arrow_forward. Figure 10.47 is the energy-level diagram for a particularly simple, fictitious element, Vernium (Vn). Indicate by the use of arrows all allowed transitions leading to the emission of photons from this atom and order the frequencies of these photons from highest (largest) to lowest (smallest).arrow_forwardRutherford found the size of the nucleus to be about 10-15 m. This implied a huge density. What would this density be for gold?arrow_forward
- (a) How many electrons can be in the n = 4 shell? (b) What are its subshells, and how many elections can be in each?arrow_forwardRutherford fired a beam of alpha particles (helium nuclei) at a thin sheet of gold. An alpha particle was observed to be deflected by 90.0; its speed was unchanged. The alpha particles used in the experiment had an initial speed of 2 107 m/s and a mass of 6.7 1027 kg. Assume the alpha particle collided with a gold nucleus that was initially at rest. Find the speed of the nucleus after the collision.arrow_forwardSuppose 8.5x10−19 J of work is done to bring the nucleus of an atom from some infinite distance away to a particular location near a fixed positive charge. What would the electric potential energy of the nucleus be? The nucleus is released an returns to the very far original position. Considering the kinetic energy of the nucleus and a mass of 6.6x10−27 kg, which is closest to the velocity of the nucleus? Make sure to answer both parts of the question and show all work.arrow_forward
- Select all of the following statements that are basic assumptions of the Bohr model of the atom. A) Atoms have a central nucleus with electrons in orbit about this nucleus. B) Atoms are solid spheres of matter.Atoms are made of positive material with electrons fixed in place in this positive material. C) Electrons orbit the nucleus, but the orbits can have only certain sizes and energy values. D) Electrons can jump from one orbit to another around the nucleus. E) They must gain energy to jump to a higher level, and they release energy when jumping to a lower level.arrow_forwardHow does the wave model of electrons orbiting the nucleus account for the fact that the electrons can only have discrete energy values? A. Electrons are only able to vibrate at particular frequencies. B. When an electron wave is confined, it is reinforced at only particular frequencies. C. The energy values of an electron only occur where its wave properties and probability clouds are mutually reinforcing. D. The wave model accounts for the types of orbitals an electron may occupy, not energy levels. E. None of the abovearrow_forwardQuestion 1 a) The diagram below shows a plan view of the apparatus used by Rutherford and his team which led them to proposing the nuclear model of the atom. Alpha source in lead collimator G Travelling microscope with phosphorescent screen Gold foil Describe how the apparatus was used to probe the microscopic structure of matter. [Suggested word count 150] b) Whilst the vast majority of alpha particles passed through the gold foil with little or no deviation, a small fraction of them were scattered through larger angles, some even backwards. Commenting on these findings Rutherford wrote "It was almost as incredible as if you fired a 15-inch shell at a piece of tissue paper and it came back and hit you."arrow_forward
- In the picture are two diagrams of the first five orbits in the Bohr model labeled A - E. The dot in an orbit is the electron. The nucleus is not shown. Shown is a BEFORE and AFTER state of the atom. An energy level diagram for the Bohr hydrogen atom is shown. Which of these events has occurred in going from the BEFORE to the AFTER state? a. a photon of energy 0.97 eV has been emitted b. a photon of energy 1.51 eV has been absorbed c. a photon of energy 1.51 eV has been emitted d. an electron of energy 1.51 eV has been emitted e. a photon of energy 0.97 eV has been absorbedarrow_forwardUsing the Bohr formulas, estimate the average distance from the nucleus for an electron in the innermost (n=1) orbit in uranium (Z = 92). What is its kinetic energy and potential energy? Approximately how much energy would be required to remove it? PLEASE draw the diagram/situationarrow_forwardQuestion 1 a) The diagram below shows a plan view of the apparatus used by Rutherford and his team which led them to proposing the nuclear model of the atom. Travelling microscope with phosphorescent screen Gold foil Alpha source in lead collimator Describe how the apparatus was used to probe the microscopic structure of matter. [Suggested word count 150] b) Whilst the vast majority of alpha particles passed through the gold foil with little or no deviation, a small fraction of them were scattered through larger angles, some even backwards. Commenting on these findings Rutherford wrote “It was almost as incredible as if you fired a 15-inch shell at a piece of tissue paper and it came back and hit you.” Explain the implications of Rutherford’s results for models of atomic structure.arrow_forward
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