Biochemistry
6th Edition
ISBN: 9781305577206
Author: Reginald H. Garrett, Charles M. Grisham
Publisher: Cengage Learning
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Chapter 31, Problem 8P
Interpretation Introduction
Interpretation:
The
Concept Introduction :
Signal peptidases are kind of enzymes that converts the secretory as well as some of the membrane proteins into their matured forms through cleaving their N-terminals and their signal peptides.
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AAAGAGAAAAGAAUA
to AAAGAGAAAUGAAUA.
Suppose the codon sequence
has a single base pair mutation
If the old protein sequence was Lys-Glu-Lys-Arg-Ile, what will be the new sequence encoded by the mutant gene?
(Use the 3-letter amino acid abbreviations with hyphens and no spaces in between, i.e. Ser-Asn-Tyr-Leu-Pro.)
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Predict the location(s) (intracellular or extracelular) and a brief description of WHY based on your knowledge of the transport processes in the following constructs. Assume a start codon is present and include any proteolytic processing that would be likely.
1. A PTS1 C-term peroxisomal targeting seq added to C term of a normally secreted protein with usual N -terminal signal sequence
2. Adding of N-terminal mitochondrial targeting sequence to protein with internal nuclear localization seq.
3. Adding N-terminal signal sequence of secreted protein to N-terminus a mitochondria matrix protein precursor with mitochondrial targeting sequence still present
What are the functional consequences of this deletion for lilP mRNA transcription and translation?
(100 words max.)
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- Specificity in fusion between vesicles involves two discrete and sequential processes. Describe the first of the two processes and its regulation by GTPase switch proteins. What effect on the size of early endosomes might result from overexpression of a mutant form of Rab5 that is stuck in the GTP-bound state?arrow_forward.A protein gives a single band on SDS gel electrophoresis, as shown in lanes 1 and 2 below. There is little if any effect from addingarrow_forwardThanksarrow_forward
- 3arrow_forwardTranscription AttenuationHow would transcriptionof the E. coli trp operon be affected by the following manipulations of the leader region of the trp mRNA?(a) Increasing the distance (number of bases) betweenthe leader peptide gene and sequence 2(b) Increasing the distance between sequences 2 and 3(c) Removing sequence 4(d) Changing the two Trp codons in the leader peptidegene to His codons(e) Eliminating the ribosome-binding site for the genethat encodes the leader peptide(f) Changing several nucleotides in sequence 3 so thatit can base-pair with sequence 4 but not with sequence 2arrow_forwardA Leu →Ala mutation at a site buried in the core of the enzyme lysozymeis found to be destabilizing. Explain the observed effect of this mutationon lysozyme stability by predicting how enthalpy (ΔH°), conformationalentropy (ΔS°peptide), and the hydrophobic effect (ΔS°solvent) are expected to change for the mutant compared to wild-type lysozyme. Explain how ΔG°for unfolding is affected by your predicted changes in enthalpy or entropy.arrow_forward
- Keeping in mind the circular genome of Mitochondria identify the non-coding regulatory region in Mitochondria. What is its translational status? What regulatory function it performs?arrow_forwardАСTIVITY For each of the 4 regulatory states of the lac shown in the following diagram, answer the following questions: оperon 1) Is glucose present? 2) Is lactose present? Synthesis of lac MRNA? Glucose present? Lactose present? NO Repressor y a NO CAMP-CRP complex y YES Transcription i p o y NOarrow_forwardOnce the chains of peptides that make up lysyl-tRNA synthetase protein are synthesized in ribosomes, lysyl-tRNA synthetase needs to have the proper active site in order to perform its function, explain the process of protein folding necessary to have a proper 3-D structure, include effect of thermodynamics and different states in folding, including what happen when there are prolines that form peptide bonds with other amino acids, and any disulfide bridgesarrow_forward
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