Human Anatomy & Physiology (2nd Edition)
2nd Edition
ISBN: 9780134553511
Author: Erin C. Amerman
Publisher: PEARSON
expand_more
expand_more
format_list_bulleted
Textbook Question
Chapter 3, Problem 5AYKB
The drug methotrexate is used to treat several different types of cancer and diseases of the immune system. It works by inhibiting an enzyme in the cell necessary for folic acid synthesis. Without folic acid, the cell cannot make
Expert Solution & Answer
Trending nowThis is a popular solution!
Students have asked these similar questions
Most hormones, such as peptide hormones, exert their effects by binding to cell- surface receptors. However, steroid hormones do so by binding to cytosolic receptors. How is this possible?
Many naturally occurring poisons function by inhibiting a cell’s enzymes. Why might this effect be lethal to the cell?
All of the following are mechanisms for regulating enzyme activity in the cell, except:
a. Rate of enzyme synthesis (at the gene level)
b. Changes in temperature
C. Covalent modification (like phosphorylation)
d. Allosteric feedback inhibition
Chapter 3 Solutions
Human Anatomy & Physiology (2nd Edition)
Ch. 3.1 - What general processes are carried out by cells?Ch. 3.1 - Prob. 2QCCh. 3.1 - Where are intracellular and extracellular fluids...Ch. 3.2 - 1. How do phospholipids arrange themselves in the...Ch. 3.2 - 2. How is the plasma membrane described according...Ch. 3.2 - 3. What are five functions of membrane proteins?
Ch. 3.2 - What roles do cholesterol, glycoproteins, and...Ch. 3.3 - Mark each of the following statements as true or...Ch. 3.3 - Mark each of the following statements as true or...Ch. 3.3 - Mark each of the following statements as true or...
Ch. 3.3 - Mark each of the following statements as true or...Ch. 3.3 - How does the process of primary active transport...Ch. 3.3 - What is the main primary active transport pump in...Ch. 3.3 - 7. How does the process of secondary active...Ch. 3.3 - Prob. 8QCCh. 3.3 - Explain the basic process of exocytosis.Ch. 3.4 - 1. Identify the properties listed in the next...Ch. 3.4 - Identify the following properties as belonging to...Ch. 3.4 - To what destinations can products from the Golgi...Ch. 3.5 - Prob. 1QCCh. 3.5 - Prob. 2QCCh. 3.5 - Prob. 3QCCh. 3.6 - 1. What are the main components of the nucleus?...Ch. 3.6 - What is chromatin? How are chromatin and...Ch. 3.6 - 3. What is a nucleolus, and what is its...Ch. 3.7 - How is a codon related to a triplet?Ch. 3.7 - 2. Describe the basic steps of transcription.
Ch. 3.7 - Explain how tRNA acts as the translator of the...Ch. 3.7 - Describe the basic steps of translation.Ch. 3.7 - 5. Why is posttranslational modification...Ch. 3.7 - 6. Why is it important to regulate gene...Ch. 3.8 - What happens during each stage of the cell cycle?Ch. 3.8 - What does semiconservative replication mean?Ch. 3.8 - Describe the changes in the cell that take place...Ch. 3.8 - What are four external factors that play a role in...Ch. 3 - Which of the following is not a basic function...Ch. 3 - Prob. 2CYRCh. 3 - What are the two fluid compartments in the body,...Ch. 3 - 4. Which of the following best describes the...Ch. 3 - Mark the following statements about the plasma...Ch. 3 - 6. What is the primary difference between active...Ch. 3 - 7. Match the term with its appropriate...Ch. 3 - 8. Fill in the blanks: A hypotonic solution will...Ch. 3 - 9. Match the following terms with the correct...Ch. 3 - Prob. 10CYRCh. 3 - Mark the following statements about the...Ch. 3 - 12. Our somatic cells’ DNA is distributed among...Ch. 3 - Explain how and why chromatin is condensed in the...Ch. 3 - Which of the following statements correctly...Ch. 3 - Each of the following statements about protein...Ch. 3 - Number the following steps of protein synthesis in...Ch. 3 - Which of the following is not a phase of mitosis?...Ch. 3 - 18. Why is regulation of the cell cycle...Ch. 3 - 19. Mark the following statements about the cell...Ch. 3 - 20. Match the following terms with the correct...Ch. 3 - 1. Write a single sentence, using no more than 25...Ch. 3 - 2. Certain diseases are transmitted via...Ch. 3 - 3. Explain how the form of each of the following...Ch. 3 - Certain types of cancerous lung tumors can secrete...Ch. 3 - Why do you think the rate of cell division is...Ch. 3 - 1. A patient is admitted to the hospital and...Ch. 3 - A popular science fiction program once had an...Ch. 3 - Prob. 3AYKACh. 3 - Prob. 4AYKACh. 3 - The drug methotrexate is used to treat several...
Knowledge Booster
Learn more about
Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, biology and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.Similar questions
- What are the enzymatic activities of the sodium-potassium ATPase (pump)? binds to and hydrolyzes ATP; binds to 3 Na+ in cytoplasm and releases outside cell; binds to 2 K+ outside cell and releases into cytoplasm binds to and hydrolyzes GTP; binds to 3 Na+ in cytoplasm and releases into nucleus; binds to 2 K+ inside cell and releases into lysosome binds to and hydrolyzes 3 ATP; binds to 1 Na+ in cytoplasm and releases outside cell; binds to 1 K+ outside cell and releases into cytoplasm binds to and hydrolyzes ATP; binds to 2 Na+ in cytoplasm and releases outside cell; binds to 3 K+ outside cell and releases into cytoplasmarrow_forwardIn a metabolic pathway, succinate dehydrogenase catalyzes the conversion of succinate to fumarate. The reaction is inhibited by malonic acid, a substance that resembles succinate and can bind at the active site but cannot be acted upon by succinate dehydrogenase. Is Malonate a competitive or non -competitive inhibitor. What is the difference between the two types of inhibition? Can you overcome inhibition caused by Malonic acid?arrow_forwardThe normal enzyme required for converting sugars into glucose is present in cells, but the conversion never takes place and no glucose is produced. What could have occurred to cause this defect in a metabolic pathway?arrow_forward
- Both thiopental and pentobarbital have been used in the lethal injections. Pentobarbital has been preferred over thiopental, but it seems constantly to be in a shortage. There have been complains against the use of thiopental. Based on the chemical structure and interaction with the two main environments of a biological system (water and lipids) which one will get into the cell and distribute faster? Which one will stay longer into the system and for what reason? In your explanations please refer to the stuctures provided below. CHCH, CHCH,CH,CH, CH,CH, CHCH,CH,CH, CH, HN Thiopental Pentobarbitalarrow_forwardRegarding the sodium potassium pump, I am confused which enzymes are involved in the addition of the phosphate group onto the protein to change the conformation. Is it only kinases or kinases AND ATPases? I was under the impression that kinases add organic phosphates onto molecules, while ATPases cleave ATP into ADP and a phosphate group. Would ATPase need to split the ATP molecule before the kinase can transfer the phosphate group onto the sodium potassium pump?arrow_forwardIdentify the following statements as true or false. If a statement is false, explain what is wrong with that statement a) Transition state analogs bind very tightly with the enzyme active site as they form covalent bonds with the active site b) Receptor desensitization happens upon prolonged exposure of receptors to both agonists and antagonists c) Dactinomycin and Doxorubicin are examples of drugs that bind with the major groove of DNA d) Mitomycin C forms interstrand crosslinking while cisplatin forms intrastrand crosslinking of DNAarrow_forward
- Can you answer all the parts to following question, true or false: Q27: A: Because enzymes reduce the activation energy of a reaction the resulting free energy produced by the reaction is also reduced (True or False) B: Living things create energy through the breakdown of food into nutrients which the cell can use. (True or False) C: All tissues in the body are able to use ketone bodies to generate energy (True or False) D: Autophosphorylation is a mechanism of receptor activation for both Insulin and leptin (True or False)arrow_forwardCarboxypeptidase A, an enzyme that catalyzes hydrolysis of a proteins uses Zn2+. The mineral Zn2+sits in the active site of the Carboxypeptidase A enzyme. The Zn2+ facilitates the reaction of the enzyme and is required to be present for the reaction to occur. Select the best answer. Question 28 options: Zn2+ is an example of allosteric inhibition. Zn2+ is an example of a product. Zn2+ is an example of a noncompetitive inhibitor. Zn2+ is an example of a cofactor Zn2+ is an example of a competitive inhibitor.arrow_forwardA common metabolic strategy is the lack of reactivity—that is, the slowness to react— of compounds whose breakdown is exergonic. For example, hydrolysis of ATP to ADP or adenosine monophosphate (AMP) is exergonic but does not take place without an appropriate enzyme present. Why would the cell use this metabolic strategy?arrow_forward
- At what temperature and what pH do most human enzymes work best?arrow_forwardWhat is the likely function of the cytosolic cAMP in this transduction pathway? Question 16 options: a) It is a competitive inhibitor of the protein kinase. b) It is a hormone. c) It is a messenger RNA. d) It is a coenzyme. e) It is a second messenger.arrow_forwardGlucose is frequently administered intravenously (injected directly into the bloodstream) to patients as a food source. A new resident at a hospital where you are doing one of your rotations suggests administering glucose-6-phosphate instead. You recall from biochemistry class that the transformation of glucose to glucose-6-phosphate requires ATP and you consider the possibility that administering glucose-6-phosphate might save the patient energy. Should you use the resident's suggestion?arrow_forward
arrow_back_ios
SEE MORE QUESTIONS
arrow_forward_ios
Recommended textbooks for you
- Human Physiology: From Cells to Systems (MindTap ...BiologyISBN:9781285866932Author:Lauralee SherwoodPublisher:Cengage LearningHuman Heredity: Principles and Issues (MindTap Co...BiologyISBN:9781305251052Author:Michael CummingsPublisher:Cengage Learning
Human Physiology: From Cells to Systems (MindTap ...
Biology
ISBN:9781285866932
Author:Lauralee Sherwood
Publisher:Cengage Learning
Human Heredity: Principles and Issues (MindTap Co...
Biology
ISBN:9781305251052
Author:Michael Cummings
Publisher:Cengage Learning
What are Mutations and what are the different types of Mutations?; Author: Science ABC;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=I16YlE8qTBU;License: Standard youtube license