Chemistry: The Molecular Science
Chemistry: The Molecular Science
5th Edition
ISBN: 9781285199047
Author: John W. Moore, Conrad L. Stanitski
Publisher: Cengage Learning
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Chapter 3, Problem 29QRT

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The solubility of the given Potassium monohydrogen phosphate in water has to be identified. The ions present in the aqueous solution of potassium monohydrogen phosphate has to be identified.

Concept introduction:

Most of the ionic compounds are soluble in water, very few of the ionic compounds are sparingly soluble, and some of the ionic compounds are insoluble in water. When it is soluble in water ions gets separated in the solution.

Soluble compounds in water:

All 1A (Li+, Na+, K+, Rb+, Cs+) group and NH4+ compound are soluble, all nitrates (NO3-) are soluble.

Almost all the salts of Cl-, Br-, I-(halides) are soluble. But some of the halides namely Ag+, Hg22+, Pb2+ are insoluble.

Most of the sulfates are soluble except CaSO4, SrSO4, BaSO4 and PbSO4 are insoluble.

All the chlorate (ClO3-), perchlorate (ClO4-), acetate (CH3CO2-) are soluble.

Salts of F- are soluble. But some of the fluoride salt of Mg2+, Ca2+, Sr2+, Ba2+, Pb2+ are insoluble.

Salts of sulfate (SO42-) are soluble. But sulfates of Ca2+, Sr2+, Ba2+, Pb2+, Ag+ are insoluble.

Insoluble compounds in water:

All phosphates (PO43-) and carbonates (CO32-) are insoluble except NH4+ and Group 1A (Li+, Na+, K+, Rb+, Cs+).

All chromates (CrO42-) are insoluble except NH4+, Mg2+ and Group 1A (Li+, Na+, K+, Rb+, Cs+).

All hydroxides are insoluble except NH4+, Mg2+ and Group 1A (Li+, Na+, K+, Rb+, Cs+). Sr(OH)2, Ba(OH)2, and Ca(OH)2 are slightly soluble.

All oxalates (C2O42-) are insoluble except NH4+ and Group 1A (Li+, Na+, K+, Rb+, Cs+).

All sulfides (S2-) are insoluble except NH4+ and Group 1A (Li+, Na+, K+, Rb+, Cs+) and Group 2A (MgS, CaS, and BaS are sparingly soluble).

Most of the metal hydroxides and oxides are insoluble in water bit some of the alkali metal hydroxides, Ba(OH)2and Sr(OH)2 are soluble in water.

Dissociation:

When ionic compound dissolved in water it produced cation and anion, this process is called as dissociation.

Generally the ionic compound consists of cation and anion.

Cation: When electrons are removed from the atom that results to form positively charged ion called cation.

Anion: Addition of electron to atom results to form negatively charged ion called anion.

(a)

Expert Solution
Check Mark

Explanation of Solution

The given compound is shown below,

   Potassium monohydrogen phosphate (K2HPO4)

All 1A (Li+, Na+, K+, Rb+, Cs+) group and NH4+ compound are soluble, therefore Potassium monohydrogen phosphate (K2HPO4) is soluble in water.

The dissociation of potassium monohydrogen phosphate (K2HPO4) is given below,

  K2HPO4  2K+(aq) + HPO42(aq)

Therefore, KOH is dissolved in water (dissociation) gives K+(aq) and HPO42.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

  The solubility of the given Sodium hypochlorite in water has to be identified. The ions present in the aqueous solution of Sodium hypochlorite has to be identified.

Concept introduction:

Refer to part (a)

(b)

Expert Solution
Check Mark

Explanation of Solution

The given compound is shown below,

   Sodium hypochlorite

All 1A (Li+, Na+, K+, Rb+, Cs+) group and NH4+ compound are soluble, therefore Sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) is soluble in water.

The dissociation of Sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) is given below,

  NaOCl  Na+(aq) + OCl-(aq)

Therefore, Sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) is dissolved in water (dissociation) gives  Na+(aq)  and OCl-(aq).

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

  The solubility of the given Magnesium chloride in water has to be identified. The ions present in the aqueous solution of Magnesium chloride has to be identified.

Concept introduction:

Refer to part (a)

(c)

Expert Solution
Check Mark

Explanation of Solution

The given compound is shown below,

  Magnesium chloride

Almost all the salts of Cl-, Br-, I-(halides) are soluble. But some of the halides namely Ag+, Hg22+, Pb2+ are insoluble, therefore Magnesium chloride (MgCl2) is soluble in water.

The dissociation of Magnesium chloride (MgCl2) is given below,

  MgCl2  Mg2+(aq) + 2Cl-(aq)

Therefore, Magnesium chloride (MgCl2) is dissolved in water (dissociation) gives Mg2+(aq) and Cl-(aq).

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The solubility of the given Calcium hydroxide in water has to be identified. The ions present in the aqueous solution of Calcium hydroxide has to be identified.

Concept introduction:

Refer to part (a)

(d)

Expert Solution
Check Mark

Explanation of Solution

The given compound is shown below,

   Calcium hydroxide.

All hydroxides are insoluble except NH4+, Mg2+ and Group 1A (Li+, Na+, K+, Rb+, Cs+). Sr(OH)2, Ba(OH)2, and Ca(OH)2 are slightly soluble, therefore Calcium hydroxide (Ca(OH)2) is soluble in water.

The dissociation of Calcium hydroxide (Ca(OH)2) is given below,

  Ca(OH)2  Ca2+(aq) + 2OH-(aq)

Therefore, Calcium hydroxide (Ca(OH)2) is dissolved in water (dissociation) gives Ca2+(aq) and OH-(aq).

(e)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The solubility of the given Aluminum bromide in water has to be identified. The ions present in the aqueous solution of Aluminum bromide has to be identified.

Concept introduction:

Refer to part (a)

(e)

Expert Solution
Check Mark

Explanation of Solution

The given compound is shown below,

  Aluminum bromide

Almost all the salts of Cl-, Br-, I-(halides) are soluble. But some of the halides namely Ag+, Hg22+, Pb2+ are insoluble, therefore Aluminum bromide (AlBr3) is soluble in water.

The dissociation of Aluminum bromide (AlBr3) is given below,

  AlBr3  Al3+(aq) + 3Br-(aq)

Therefore, Aluminum bromide (AlBr3) is dissolved in water (dissociation) gives Al3+(aq) and Br-(aq).

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Chapter 3 Solutions

Chemistry: The Molecular Science

Ch. 3.4 - Prob. 3.5CECh. 3.4 - Look back through the discussion of electrolytes...Ch. 3.4 - Prob. 3.8PSPCh. 3.4 - Prob. 3.9PSPCh. 3.4 - Write a balanced equation for the reaction of...Ch. 3.4 - Prob. 3.6ECh. 3.4 - Prob. 3.7ECh. 3.4 - Prob. 3.8ECh. 3.4 - Prob. 3.9CECh. 3.4 - Prob. 3.10CECh. 3.5 - Prob. 3.11CECh. 3.5 - Prob. 3.12CECh. 3.5 - Prob. 3.13ECh. 3.5 - Prob. 3.11PSPCh. 3.5 - Prob. 3.12PSPCh. 3.5 - Prob. 3.14CECh. 3.6 - Prob. 3.15CECh. 3.6 - Prob. 3.16ECh. 3.6 - Prob. 3.13PSPCh. 3.6 - Prob. 3.17ECh. 3.6 - Prob. 3.14PSPCh. 3.7 - Prob. 3.15PSPCh. 3.7 - Using the same reaction, calculate the mass of...Ch. 3.7 - At high temperatures, silicon dioxide reacts with...Ch. 3.7 - Urea is used as a fertilizer because it can react...Ch. 3.8 - Assume the methanol synthesis has an 85.0% yield...Ch. 3.8 - Prob. 3.19PSPCh. 3.8 - Prob. 3.19ECh. 3.8 - Prob. 3.20ECh. 3.9 - Phenol is a compound of carbon, hydrogen, and...Ch. 3.9 - Calcium carbonate forms carbon dioxide and calcium...Ch. 3.10 - Prob. 3.20PSPCh. 3.10 - Prob. 3.23ECh. 3.10 - Prob. 3.24ECh. 3.10 - Prob. 3.25CECh. 3.10 - Describe how you would prepare each solution. 1.00...Ch. 3.10 - Prob. 3.26ECh. 3.10 - Prob. 3.22PSPCh. 3.10 - Prob. 3.27CECh. 3.11 - Prob. 3.23PSPCh. 3.11 - Prob. 3.24PSPCh. 3.11 - Sodium chloride is used in intravenous solutions...Ch. 3.12 - Show that the reaction of KMnO4 with H2O2 is a...Ch. 3.12 - Prob. 3.25PSPCh. 3 - Aqueous solutions of ammonium sulfide and...Ch. 3 - In a blast furnace at high temperature, iron(III)...Ch. 3 - What information does a balanced chemical equation...Ch. 3 - Prob. 2QRTCh. 3 - Prob. 3QRTCh. 3 - Prob. 4QRTCh. 3 - Prob. 5QRTCh. 3 - Prob. 6QRTCh. 3 - When asked, “What is the limiting reactant?” you...Ch. 3 - Prob. 8QRTCh. 3 - Prob. 9QRTCh. 3 - For this reaction, fill in the table with the...Ch. 3 - Prob. 11QRTCh. 3 - Prob. 12QRTCh. 3 - This diagram shows A (blue spheres) reacting with...Ch. 3 - Prob. 14QRTCh. 3 - Prob. 15QRTCh. 3 - Prob. 16QRTCh. 3 - Prob. 17QRTCh. 3 - Prob. 18QRTCh. 3 - Prob. 19QRTCh. 3 - Balance these equations. (a) UO2(s) + HF() UF4(s)...Ch. 3 - Prob. 21QRTCh. 3 - Prob. 22QRTCh. 3 - Prob. 23QRTCh. 3 - Balance these combustion reactions. (a) C6H12O6 +...Ch. 3 - Prob. 25QRTCh. 3 - Prob. 26QRTCh. 3 - Prob. 27QRTCh. 3 - Which substance conducts electricity when...Ch. 3 - Prob. 29QRTCh. 3 - Predict whether each compound is soluble in water....Ch. 3 - Prob. 31QRTCh. 3 - Which drawing is the best nanoscale representation...Ch. 3 - If aqueous solutions of potassium carbonate and...Ch. 3 - If aqueous solutions of potassium sulfide and...Ch. 3 - Prob. 35QRTCh. 3 - Prob. 36QRTCh. 3 - Prob. 37QRTCh. 3 - Prob. 38QRTCh. 3 - Prob. 39QRTCh. 3 - Prob. 40QRTCh. 3 - Prob. 41QRTCh. 3 - Prob. 42QRTCh. 3 - Prob. 43QRTCh. 3 - Prob. 44QRTCh. 3 - Prob. 45QRTCh. 3 - Prob. 46QRTCh. 3 - Prob. 47QRTCh. 3 - Prob. 48QRTCh. 3 - Prob. 49QRTCh. 3 - Prob. 50QRTCh. 3 - Prob. 51QRTCh. 3 - Prob. 52QRTCh. 3 - Prob. 53QRTCh. 3 - Prob. 54QRTCh. 3 - Prob. 55QRTCh. 3 - Prob. 56QRTCh. 3 - Prob. 57QRTCh. 3 - Prob. 58QRTCh. 3 - Nitrogen monoxide is oxidized in air to give brown...Ch. 3 - Prob. 60QRTCh. 3 - The final step in the manufacture of platinum...Ch. 3 - Disulfur dichloride, S2Cl2, is used to vulcanize...Ch. 3 - Prob. 63QRTCh. 3 - Prob. 64QRTCh. 3 - Prob. 65QRTCh. 3 - Prob. 66QRTCh. 3 - Prob. 67QRTCh. 3 - Cisplatin, Pt(NH3)2Cl2, a drug used in the...Ch. 3 - Aluminum chloride, Al2Cl6, is an inexpensive...Ch. 3 - Prob. 70QRTCh. 3 - Prob. 71QRTCh. 3 - Prob. 72QRTCh. 3 - Prob. 73QRTCh. 3 - Quicklime, CaO, is formed when calcium hydroxide...Ch. 3 - Prob. 75QRTCh. 3 - Disulfur dichloride, which has a revolting smell,...Ch. 3 - Prob. 77QRTCh. 3 - Prob. 78QRTCh. 3 - Quinone, which is used in the dye industry and in...Ch. 3 - l-Dopa is a drug used for the treatment of...Ch. 3 - Write the balanced chemical equation for the...Ch. 3 - Prob. 82QRTCh. 3 - Prob. 83QRTCh. 3 - Prob. 84QRTCh. 3 - Prob. 85QRTCh. 3 - Prob. 86QRTCh. 3 - You need 300. mL of 0.500-M K2Cr2O7. Which method...Ch. 3 - You need to make a 0.300-M solution of NiSO4(aq)....Ch. 3 - You wish to make a 0.200-M solution of CuSO4(aq)....Ch. 3 - Prob. 90QRTCh. 3 - Prob. 91QRTCh. 3 - You mix 25.0 mL of 0.234-M FeCl3 solution with...Ch. 3 - A soft drink contains an unknown mass of citric...Ch. 3 - Prob. 94QRTCh. 3 - Prob. 95QRTCh. 3 - Potassium hydrogen phthalate, KHC8H4O4, is used to...Ch. 3 - Prob. 97QRTCh. 3 - Prob. 98QRTCh. 3 - Prob. 99QRTCh. 3 - Prob. 100QRTCh. 3 - Boron forms an extensive series of compounds with...Ch. 3 - Prob. 102QRTCh. 3 - Prob. 103QRTCh. 3 - Prob. 104QRTCh. 3 - Prob. 105QRTCh. 3 - Azurite is a copper-containing mineral that often...Ch. 3 - Prob. 107QRTCh. 3 - Prob. 108QRTCh. 3 - Vitamin C is ascorbic acid, HC6H7O6, which can be...Ch. 3 - Prob. 110QRTCh. 3 - Prob. 111QRTCh. 3 - Prob. 112QRTCh. 3 - Prob. 113QRTCh. 3 - Prob. 114QRTCh. 3 - Prob. 115QRTCh. 3 - Prob. 116QRTCh. 3 - Prob. 117QRTCh. 3 - Prob. 118QRTCh. 3 - Prob. 119QRTCh. 3 - Prob. 120QRTCh. 3 - Ammonia can be formed by a direct reaction of...Ch. 3 - Carbon monoxide burns readily in oxygen to form...Ch. 3 - Prob. 123QRTCh. 3 - Write a balanced chemical equation that represents...Ch. 3 - A student set up an experiment for six different...Ch. 3 - A weighed sample of a metal is added to liquid...Ch. 3 - Prob. 127QRTCh. 3 - Prob. 128QRTCh. 3 - Each box represents a tiny volume in an aqueous...Ch. 3 - Consider the chemical reaction 2 S + 3 O2 → 2 SO3....Ch. 3 - Prob. 131QRTCh. 3 - Prob. 132QRTCh. 3 - Prob. 133QRTCh. 3 - Prob. 134QRTCh. 3 - Prob. 135QRTCh. 3 - Prob. 136QRTCh. 3 - Prob. 137QRTCh. 3 - Prob. 138QRTCh. 3 - Prob. 139QRTCh. 3 - Prob. 140QRTCh. 3 - Prob. 141QRTCh. 3 - Prob. 142QRTCh. 3 - In a reaction, 1.2 g element A reacts with exactly...Ch. 3 - Prob. 144QRTCh. 3 - When solutions of silver nitrate and sodium...Ch. 3 - Nickel metal reacts with aqueous silver nitrate in...Ch. 3 - Prob. 147QRTCh. 3 - Prob. 148QRTCh. 3 - Prob. 149QRTCh. 3 - Prob. 150QRTCh. 3 - A mountain lake that is 4.0 km × 6.0 km with an...Ch. 3 - Prob. 152QRTCh. 3 - Prob. 153QRTCh. 3 - Prob. 154QRTCh. 3 - Prob. 155QRTCh. 3 - Ethanol, C2H5OH, is a gasoline additive that can...Ch. 3 - Prob. 157QRTCh. 3 - Prob. 3.ACPCh. 3 - Prob. 3.BCPCh. 3 - Prob. 3.DCPCh. 3 - Prob. 3.ECPCh. 3 - Prob. 3.FCPCh. 3 - Prob. 3.GCP
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