Concept explainers
(a)
Interpretation:
The net ionic equation for
Concept introduction:
Net ionic Equation:
The net ionic equation shows only those chemical species that actually undergo chemical change. The ions that do not change during the
(a)
Explanation of Solution
The balanced equation for the reaction is given below,
While balancing the equation, the subscripts cannot be altered but coefficients can be changed. The given reaction is already balanced.
The complete ionic equation is given below,
Eliminate the spectator ions. Net ionic equation of the given reaction shown below
The balanced complete net ionic equation is written.
(b)
Interpretation:
The changing the oxidation numbers in the reaction has to be explained.
Concept introduction:
Oxidation number:
The oxidation number of an element is zero. The oxidation number of a monoatomic ion equals its charge.
The oxidation number is zero for the summation of the oxidation numbers complete atoms in a complete formula.
The charge on the ion is equal to the summation of the oxidation numbers of complete atoms in poly atomic ion.
The oxidation state of alkali metal
The oxidation state of hydrogen is
An oxidizing agent gains the electrons and is reduced in a chemical reaction and it is electron acceptor.
A reducing agent loses electrons and is oxidized in a chemical reaction and it is electron donor.
The oxidation state is called as oxidation number, which describes degree of oxidation (loss of electrons) of an atom in a chemical compound. Theoretically, the oxidation state is positive, negative or zero.
(b)
Explanation of Solution
The given equation is shown below,
Oxidation number of element in the reactant:
Oxidation number of potassium is
The oxidation number of carbon is
Oxidation number of chromium in
The oxidation number of chromium is
Oxidation number of sulfur in
The oxidation number of sulfur is
Oxidation number of element in the product:
Oxidation number of potassium is
Oxidation number of carbon is zero.
Oxidation number of sulfur in
The oxidation number of sulfur is
Oxidation state of hydrogen is
Oxidation number of carbon is
(c)
Interpretation:
The oxidized and reduced substance has to be identified.
Concept introduction:
Refer to part (b)
(c)
Explanation of Solution
The given equation is shown below,
Oxidation number of element in the reactant:
Oxidation number of potassium is
The oxidation number of carbon is
Oxidation number of chromium in
The oxidation number of chromium is
Oxidation number of sulfur in
The oxidation number of sulfur is
Oxidation number of element in the product:
Oxidation number of potassium is
Oxidation number of carbon is zero.
Oxidation number of sulfur in
The oxidation number of sulfur is
Oxidation state of hydrogen is
Oxidation number of carbon is
(d)
Interpretation:
The oxidizing agent and reducing agent has to be identified.
Concept introduction:
Refer to part (b)
(d)
Explanation of Solution
The given equation is shown below,
Oxidation number of element in the reactant:
Oxidation number of potassium is
The oxidation number of carbon is
Oxidation number of chromium in
The oxidation number of chromium is
Oxidation number of sulfur in
The oxidation number of sulfur is
Oxidation number of element in the product:
Oxidation number of potassium is
Oxidation number of carbon is zero.
Oxidation number of sulfur in
The oxidation number of sulfur is
Oxidation state of hydrogen is
Oxidation number of carbon is
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Chapter 3 Solutions
Chemistry: The Molecular Science
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