(a)
Interpretation:
The
Concept introduction:
Acids and Bases:
Acid release hydrogen ion in water (or) proton donor.
Base release hydroxide ions in water (or) proton acceptor.
Acid - base reaction: Formation of the salt from the cation from the base and anion from the acid and formation of water is also the product.
Gas forming reaction: The reaction of acid and metal carbonates which produce carbonic acid. The carbonic acid decomposes which gives water and carbon dioxide.
Oxidation number:
The oxidation number of an element is zero. The oxidation number of a monoatomic ion equals its charge.
The oxidation number is zero for the summation of the oxidation numbers complete atoms in a complete formula.
The charge on the ion is equal to the summation of the oxidation numbers of complete atoms in poly atomic ion.
The oxidation state of alkali metal
The oxidation state of hydrogen is
An oxidizing agent gains the electrons and is reduced in a chemical reaction and it is electron acceptor.
A reducing agent loses electrons and is oxidized in a chemical reaction and it is electron donor.
The oxidation state is called as oxidation number, which describes degree of oxidation (loss of electrons) of an atom in a chemical compound. Theoretically, the oxidation state is positive, negative or zero.
(a)
Explanation of Solution
The given equation is shown below,
Oxidation number of sodium is
The oxidation number of phosphorous is
Oxidation number of phosphorous in the product is given below,
The oxidation number of phosphorous is
Oxidation number of phosphorous is
(b)
Interpretation:
The
Concept introduction:
Refer to part (a)
(b)
Explanation of Solution
The given equation is shown below,
The oxidation number of nitrogen in the reactant is given below,
The oxidation number of nitrogen is
The oxidation number of nitrogen in the product is given below,
The oxidation number of nitrogen is
The combination of
(c)
Interpretation:
The
Concept introduction:
Refer to part (a)
(c)
Explanation of Solution
The given equation is shown below,
The oxidation number of titanium in the reactant is given below,
The oxidation number of an element is zero. Therefore, the oxidation number of magnesium is zero in the reactant.
The oxidation number of titanium is
The oxidation number of magnesium in the product is given below,
The oxidation number of an element is zero. Therefore, the oxidation number of titanium is zero in the reactant.
The oxidation number of magnesium is
The electrons get transferred from the reactant to product therefore the given reaction is redox reaction.
(d)
Interpretation:
The
Concept introduction:
Refer to part (a)
(d)
Explanation of Solution
The given equation is shown below,
The oxidation number of sulfur in the reactant is given below,
The oxidation number of sodium is
The oxidation number of sulfur in the product is given below,
The oxidation number of sodium is
T The oxidation number of sodium is
The reaction of metal sulfates and produces acids as a gas
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Chapter 3 Solutions
Chemistry: The Molecular Science
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