Chemistry & Chemical Reactivity
Chemistry & Chemical Reactivity
9th Edition
ISBN: 9781133949640
Author: John C. Kotz, Paul M. Treichel, John Townsend, David Treichel
Publisher: Cengage Learning
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Chapter 3, Problem 1PS

Write balanced chemical equations for the following reactions.

(a) The reaction of aluminum and iron(III) oxide to form iron and aluminum oxide (known as the thermite reaction).

(b) The reaction of carbon and water at high temperature to form a mixture of gaseous CO and H2 (known as water gas and once used as a fuel).

(c) The reaction of liquid silicon tetrachloride and magnesium forming silicon and magnesium chloride. This is one step in the preparation of ultrapure silicon used in the semiconductor industry

(a)

Expert Solution
Check Mark
Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The balanced chemical equation for given reaction should be written.

Concept introduction:

The law of conservation of mass states that no atoms can be created or destroyed in a chemical reaction, therefore, the number of atoms present in the reactants is equal to the number of atoms present in the products.

Answer to Problem 1PS

Aluminium and iron(III) oxide reacts together and  produces liquid iron and aluminum oxide which is highly exothermic reaction. The balanced equation is given below.

  Chemistry & Chemical Reactivity, Chapter 3, Problem 1PS , additional homework tip  1

Explanation of Solution

Aluminium and iron(III) oxide reacts together and  produces liquid iron and aluminum oxide which is highly exothermic reaction. The unbalanced equation is given below using correct molecular formula, the given reaction aluminium reduces the oxide of iron.

  Chemistry & Chemical Reactivity, Chapter 3, Problem 1PS , additional homework tip  2

Balance the aluminum atom in the given equation, when balancing the equation, we should not alter the subscripts and we can change coefficients.

There is one aluminium in the left side and two aluminium in the right side. Therefore according to the aluminium atom the balanced equation is given below.

  Chemistry & Chemical Reactivity, Chapter 3, Problem 1PS , additional homework tip  3

Next, balance the iron atom in the equation, there are two iron atom in the left side and one iron atom in right side. For the balancing the iron atom, two molecules of iron is added to the right side. Therefore according to the iron atom the balanced equation is given below.

  Chemistry & Chemical Reactivity, Chapter 3, Problem 1PS , additional homework tip  4

Now the equation is balanced, therefore the balanced equation is given below,

  Chemistry & Chemical Reactivity, Chapter 3, Problem 1PS , additional homework tip  5

(b)

Expert Solution
Check Mark
Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The balanced chemical equation for given reaction should be written.

Concept introduction:

The law of conservation of mass states that no atoms can be created or destroyed in a chemical reaction, therefore, the number of atoms present in the reactants is equal to the number of atoms present in the products.

Answer to Problem 1PS

The balanced equation is given below (b)

  Chemistry & Chemical Reactivity, Chapter 3, Problem 1PS , additional homework tip  6

Explanation of Solution

Carbon monoxide reacts with water vapor which forms the carbon dioxide and hydrogen. The mixture of carbon monoxide and hydrogen is called as water gas. This reaction is called as water-gas shift reaction (WGSR).

The unbalanced equation is given below using correct molecular formula, the given reaction Carbon monoxide reacts with water vapor which forms the carbon dioxide and hydrogen, and therefore the balanced equation is given below,

  Chemistry & Chemical Reactivity, Chapter 3, Problem 1PS , additional homework tip  7

(c)

Expert Solution
Check Mark
Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The balanced chemical equation for given reaction should be written.

Concept introduction:

The law of conservation of mass states that no atoms can be created or destroyed in a chemical reaction, therefore, the number of atoms present in the reactants is equal to the number of atoms present in the products.

Answer to Problem 1PS

Silicon tetrachloride and magnesium reacts together and produces silicon and magnesium chloride. The balanced equation is given below (c)

  Chemistry & Chemical Reactivity, Chapter 3, Problem 1PS , additional homework tip  8

Explanation of Solution

Silicon tetrachloride and magnesium reacts together and produces silicon and magnesium chloride. The unbalanced equation is given below using correct molecular formula,

  Chemistry & Chemical Reactivity, Chapter 3, Problem 1PS , additional homework tip  9

Balance the magnesium atom in the given equation, when balancing the equation, we should not alter the subscripts and we can change coefficients.

There is one magnesium atom in the left side and one magnesium in the right side. Therefore according to the magnesium there is no change in the equation. The balanced equation is given below.

  Chemistry & Chemical Reactivity, Chapter 3, Problem 1PS , additional homework tip  10

Next, balance the silicon atom in the equation, there is one silicon atom in the left side and one silicon atom in right side. Therefore according to the silicon atom the balanced equation is given below.

  Chemistry & Chemical Reactivity, Chapter 3, Problem 1PS , additional homework tip  11

Next, balance the chlorine atom in the equation, there is four chlorine atom in the left side and two chlorine atom in the right side. Therefore 2 molecules of magnesium chloride is added to the right side of the reaction. When changing the magnesium chloride the number of magnesium is also changed therefore two molecules of magnesium is added to the left side of the reaction.

Now the equation is balanced, therefore the balanced equation is given below,

  Chemistry & Chemical Reactivity, Chapter 3, Problem 1PS , additional homework tip  12

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Chapter 3 Solutions

Chemistry & Chemical Reactivity

Ch. 3.5 - In each of the following cases, aqueous solutions...Ch. 3.5 - Prob. 1RCCh. 3.5 - What is the net ionic equation for the reaction of...Ch. 3.6 - Prob. 1CYUCh. 3.6 - Prob. 2CYUCh. 3.6 - Prob. 1RCCh. 3.6 - 2. The hydrogen phosphate ion is amphiprotic....Ch. 3.6 - What is the net ionic equation for the reaction of...Ch. 3.6 - Prob. 4RCCh. 3.7 - Prob. 1CYUCh. 3.7 - Prob. 1RCCh. 3.8 - Assign an oxidation number to the underlined atom...Ch. 3.8 - Prob. 2CYUCh. 3.8 - 1. What is the oxidation number of Mn in...Ch. 3.8 - Prob. 2RCCh. 3.8 - 3. In which of the manganese compounds below does...Ch. 3.9 - Prob. 1CYUCh. 3.9 - 1. Sometimes a reaction can fall in more than one...Ch. 3.9 - Prob. 1QCh. 3.9 - Prob. 2QCh. 3.9 - Prob. 3QCh. 3.9 - Prob. 4QCh. 3.9 - Prob. 5QCh. 3 - Write balanced chemical equations for the...Ch. 3 - Write balanced chemical equations for the...Ch. 3 - Prob. 3PSCh. 3 - Prob. 4PSCh. 3 - Prob. 5PSCh. 3 - Balance the following equations, and name each...Ch. 3 - Equal amounts of two acidsHCl and HCO2H (formic...Ch. 3 - Prob. 8PSCh. 3 - What is an electrolyte? How can you differentiate...Ch. 3 - Name and give the formulas of two acids that are...Ch. 3 - Which compound or compounds in each of the...Ch. 3 - Which compound or compounds in each of the...Ch. 3 - The following compounds are water-soluble. What...Ch. 3 - The following compounds are water-soluble. What...Ch. 3 - Decide whether each of the following is...Ch. 3 - Decide whether each of the following is...Ch. 3 - Balance the equation for the following...Ch. 3 - Balance the equation for the following...Ch. 3 - Predict the products of each precipitation...Ch. 3 - Prob. 20PSCh. 3 - Write a balanced equation for the ionization of...Ch. 3 - Write a balanced equation for the ionization of...Ch. 3 - Prob. 23PSCh. 3 - Phosphoric add can supply one, two, or three H3O+...Ch. 3 - Prob. 25PSCh. 3 - Prob. 26PSCh. 3 - Prob. 27PSCh. 3 - Prob. 28PSCh. 3 - Prob. 29PSCh. 3 - Prob. 30PSCh. 3 - Write an equation that describes the equilibrium...Ch. 3 - Write an equation that describes the equilibrium...Ch. 3 - Prob. 33PSCh. 3 - Write two chemical equations, one in which H2PO4...Ch. 3 - Balance the following equations, and then write...Ch. 3 - Balance the following equations, and then write...Ch. 3 - Prob. 37PSCh. 3 - Balance each of the following equations, and then...Ch. 3 - Write balanced net ionic equations for the...Ch. 3 - Write balanced net ionic equations for the...Ch. 3 - Siderite is a mineral consisting largely of...Ch. 3 - The mineral rhodothrosite is manganese()...Ch. 3 - Prob. 43PSCh. 3 - Prob. 44PSCh. 3 - Determine the oxidation number of each element in...Ch. 3 - Determine the oxidation number of each element in...Ch. 3 - Prob. 47PSCh. 3 - Which two of the following reactions are...Ch. 3 - In the following reactions, decide which reactant...Ch. 3 - In the following reactions, decide which reactant...Ch. 3 - Balance the following equations, and then classify...Ch. 3 - Prob. 52PSCh. 3 - Classify each of the following reactions as a...Ch. 3 - Prob. 54PSCh. 3 - Balance each of the following equations, and...Ch. 3 - Complete and balance the equations below, and...Ch. 3 - Prob. 57PSCh. 3 - Prob. 58PSCh. 3 - Balance the following equations: (a) for the...Ch. 3 - Balance the following equations: (a) for the...Ch. 3 - Prob. 61GQCh. 3 - Give the formula for each of the following...Ch. 3 - Prob. 63GQCh. 3 - Name two anions that combine with Al3+ ion to...Ch. 3 - Write the net ionic equation and identify the...Ch. 3 - Identify and name the water-insoluble product in...Ch. 3 - Bromine is obtained from sea water by the...Ch. 3 - Identify each of the blowing substances as a...Ch. 3 - The mineral dolomite contains magnesium...Ch. 3 - Aqueous solutions of ammonium sulfide, (NH4)2S,...Ch. 3 - Prob. 71GQCh. 3 - Prob. 72GQCh. 3 - Balance equations for these reactions that occur...Ch. 3 - Prob. 74GQCh. 3 - You are given mixtures containing the following...Ch. 3 - Identify, from each list below, the compound or...Ch. 3 - Prob. 77GQCh. 3 - Prob. 78GQCh. 3 - Gas evolution was observed when a solution of Na2S...Ch. 3 - Prob. 81ILCh. 3 - Prob. 82ILCh. 3 - Prob. 83ILCh. 3 - A Suggest a laboratory method for preparing barium...Ch. 3 - The Toliens test for the presence of reducing...Ch. 3 - There are many ionic compounds that dissolve in...Ch. 3 - Most naturally occurring acids are weak acids....Ch. 3 - You want to prepare barium chloride, BaC12, using...Ch. 3 - Prob. 89SCQCh. 3 - A Describe how to prepare zinc chloride by (a) an...Ch. 3 - A common method for analyzing for the nickel...Ch. 3 - The presence of arsenic in a sample that may also...
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