Chapter 3, Problem 1PS

The equation for the oxidation of phosphorus in air is P₄(s) + 5 O₂(g)      P₄O₁₀(s). Identify the reactants and products and the stoichiometric coefficients. To what do the designations s and g refer?

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The reactant, product and stoichiometric coefficient should be identified.  Designation for the g and s should be given.

Concept Introduction:

The law of conservation of mass states that no atoms can be created or destroyed in a chemical reaction, therefore, the number of atoms present in the reactants is equal to the number of atoms present in the products.

Answer to Problem 1PS

The reactant, product and stoichiometric coefficient are given below (a) Designation for the g and s is given below.

Reactant

  Phosphorus and oxygen

  

Product

Tetra phosphorus decaoxide

  

Stoichiometric coefficient are 1,5,1.

  

Designation for the g is gas state and s is solid state (b).

Explanation of Solution

The given equation is shown below using correct molecular formula,

  

In a given reaction left side of the reaction is called reactant and the right side of the reaction is called product. Therefore,

Reactant

  

  Phosphorus and oxygen

Product

  

For balancing the reaction, stoichiometric coefficient of the reaction is needed therefore the stoichiometric coefficient of the reaction are 1,5,1 and is shown below,

Designation for the g is gas state is given below,

g and s state of the constituent.  Therefore g indicates gas state and s indicates solid state.

Conclusion

The reactant, product and stoichiometric coefficient should be identified.  Designation for the g and s were given.