(a) Interpretation: The nucleophile, electrophile and the leaving group in the following substitution reaction are to be determined. CH 3 CH 2 ONa + CH 3 CH 2 CH 2 I ⇌ CH 3 CH 2 CH 2 OCCH 2 CH 3 + NaI Concept introduction: Substitution reactions are the chemical reactions in which an atom, ion or group in one molecule is replaced by the other. These are also known as the single displacement or single substitution reactions. Nucleophiles are the electron-rich species that donate an electron pair in the reaction and electrophiles are the electron-deficient and accept an electron pair in the reaction. The leaving group is a part of the molecule that departs or leaves with a pair of electrons in the heterolytic cleavage. A substitution reaction favors product formation if a weaker base is formed relative to the nucleophile and vice-versa.

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Answer 1

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Chapter 27, Problem 13E

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

The nucleophile, electrophile and the leaving group in the following substitution reaction are to be determined.

CH3CH2ONa+CH3CH2CH2I⇌CH3CH2CH2OCCH2CH3+NaI

Concept introduction:

Substitution reactions are the chemical reactions in which an atom, ion or group in one molecule is replaced by the other. These are also known as the single displacement or single substitution reactions.

Nucleophiles are the electron-rich species that donate an electron pair in the reaction and electrophiles are the electron-deficient and accept an electron pair in the reaction. The leaving group is a part of the molecule that departs or leaves with a pair of electrons in the heterolytic cleavage.

A substitution reaction favors product formation if a weaker base is formed relative to the nucleophile and vice-versa.

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

The nucleophile, electrophile and the leaving group in the following substitution reaction are to be determined.

CH3CH2NH3++KI−⇌NH3+CH3CH2I+K+

Concept introduction:

Substitution reactions are the chemical reactions in which an atom, ion or group in one molecule is replaced by the other. These are also known as the single displacement or single substitution reactions.

Nucleophiles are the electron-rich species that donate an electron pair in the reaction and electrophiles are the electron-deficient and accept an electron pair in the reaction. The leaving group is a part of the molecule that departs or leaves with a pair of electrons in the heterolytic cleavage.

A substitution reaction favors product formation if a weaker base is formed relative to the nucleophile and vice-versa.

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2. (15 points) Draw an appropriate mechanism for the following reaction. H N. H* + H₂O

Draw a tripeptide of your choosing at pH 7. Have the N-terminus on the left and the C-terminus on the right. Then: Draw a triangle around the α-carbons. Draw a box around the R-groups. Circle the atoms capable of hydrogen bonding. Highlight the atoms involved in the formation of the peptide bonds. What type of structure have you drawn? (primary, secondary, tertiary or quaternary protein structure). make sure its a tripeptide

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Answer 2

Question

Chapter 27, Problem 13E

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

The nucleophile, electrophile and the leaving group in the following substitution reaction are to be determined.

CH3CH2ONa+CH3CH2CH2I⇌CH3CH2CH2OCCH2CH3+NaI

Concept introduction:

Substitution reactions are the chemical reactions in which an atom, ion or group in one molecule is replaced by the other. These are also known as the single displacement or single substitution reactions.

Nucleophiles are the electron-rich species that donate an electron pair in the reaction and electrophiles are the electron-deficient and accept an electron pair in the reaction. The leaving group is a part of the molecule that departs or leaves with a pair of electrons in the heterolytic cleavage.

A substitution reaction favors product formation if a weaker base is formed relative to the nucleophile and vice-versa.

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

The nucleophile, electrophile and the leaving group in the following substitution reaction are to be determined.

CH3CH2NH3++KI−⇌NH3+CH3CH2I+K+

Concept introduction:

Substitution reactions are the chemical reactions in which an atom, ion or group in one molecule is replaced by the other. These are also known as the single displacement or single substitution reactions.

Nucleophiles are the electron-rich species that donate an electron pair in the reaction and electrophiles are the electron-deficient and accept an electron pair in the reaction. The leaving group is a part of the molecule that departs or leaves with a pair of electrons in the heterolytic cleavage.

A substitution reaction favors product formation if a weaker base is formed relative to the nucleophile and vice-versa.

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Answer 3

Question

Chapter 27, Problem 13E

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

The nucleophile, electrophile and the leaving group in the following substitution reaction are to be determined.

CH3CH2ONa+CH3CH2CH2I⇌CH3CH2CH2OCCH2CH3+NaI

Concept introduction:

Substitution reactions are the chemical reactions in which an atom, ion or group in one molecule is replaced by the other. These are also known as the single displacement or single substitution reactions.

Nucleophiles are the electron-rich species that donate an electron pair in the reaction and electrophiles are the electron-deficient and accept an electron pair in the reaction. The leaving group is a part of the molecule that departs or leaves with a pair of electrons in the heterolytic cleavage.

A substitution reaction favors product formation if a weaker base is formed relative to the nucleophile and vice-versa.

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

The nucleophile, electrophile and the leaving group in the following substitution reaction are to be determined.

CH3CH2NH3++KI−⇌NH3+CH3CH2I+K+

Concept introduction:

Substitution reactions are the chemical reactions in which an atom, ion or group in one molecule is replaced by the other. These are also known as the single displacement or single substitution reactions.

Nucleophiles are the electron-rich species that donate an electron pair in the reaction and electrophiles are the electron-deficient and accept an electron pair in the reaction. The leaving group is a part of the molecule that departs or leaves with a pair of electrons in the heterolytic cleavage.

A substitution reaction favors product formation if a weaker base is formed relative to the nucleophile and vice-versa.

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Answer 4

Question

Chapter 27, Problem 13E

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

The nucleophile, electrophile and the leaving group in the following substitution reaction are to be determined.

CH3CH2ONa+CH3CH2CH2I⇌CH3CH2CH2OCCH2CH3+NaI

Concept introduction:

Substitution reactions are the chemical reactions in which an atom, ion or group in one molecule is replaced by the other. These are also known as the single displacement or single substitution reactions.

Nucleophiles are the electron-rich species that donate an electron pair in the reaction and electrophiles are the electron-deficient and accept an electron pair in the reaction. The leaving group is a part of the molecule that departs or leaves with a pair of electrons in the heterolytic cleavage.

A substitution reaction favors product formation if a weaker base is formed relative to the nucleophile and vice-versa.

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

The nucleophile, electrophile and the leaving group in the following substitution reaction are to be determined.

CH3CH2NH3++KI−⇌NH3+CH3CH2I+K+

Concept introduction:

Substitution reactions are the chemical reactions in which an atom, ion or group in one molecule is replaced by the other. These are also known as the single displacement or single substitution reactions.

Nucleophiles are the electron-rich species that donate an electron pair in the reaction and electrophiles are the electron-deficient and accept an electron pair in the reaction. The leaving group is a part of the molecule that departs or leaves with a pair of electrons in the heterolytic cleavage.

A substitution reaction favors product formation if a weaker base is formed relative to the nucleophile and vice-versa.

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Answer 5

Chapter 27, Problem 13E

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

The nucleophile, electrophile and the leaving group in the following substitution reaction are to be determined.

CH3CH2ONa+CH3CH2CH2I⇌CH3CH2CH2OCCH2CH3+NaI

Concept introduction:

Substitution reactions are the chemical reactions in which an atom, ion or group in one molecule is replaced by the other. These are also known as the single displacement or single substitution reactions.

Nucleophiles are the electron-rich species that donate an electron pair in the reaction and electrophiles are the electron-deficient and accept an electron pair in the reaction. The leaving group is a part of the molecule that departs or leaves with a pair of electrons in the heterolytic cleavage.

A substitution reaction favors product formation if a weaker base is formed relative to the nucleophile and vice-versa.

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

The nucleophile, electrophile and the leaving group in the following substitution reaction are to be determined.

CH3CH2NH3++KI−⇌NH3+CH3CH2I+K+

Concept introduction:

Substitution reactions are the chemical reactions in which an atom, ion or group in one molecule is replaced by the other. These are also known as the single displacement or single substitution reactions.

Nucleophiles are the electron-rich species that donate an electron pair in the reaction and electrophiles are the electron-deficient and accept an electron pair in the reaction. The leaving group is a part of the molecule that departs or leaves with a pair of electrons in the heterolytic cleavage.

A substitution reaction favors product formation if a weaker base is formed relative to the nucleophile and vice-versa.

Answer 6

Chapter 27, Problem 13E

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

The nucleophile, electrophile and the leaving group in the following substitution reaction are to be determined.

CH3CH2ONa+CH3CH2CH2I⇌CH3CH2CH2OCCH2CH3+NaI

Concept introduction:

Substitution reactions are the chemical reactions in which an atom, ion or group in one molecule is replaced by the other. These are also known as the single displacement or single substitution reactions.

Nucleophiles are the electron-rich species that donate an electron pair in the reaction and electrophiles are the electron-deficient and accept an electron pair in the reaction. The leaving group is a part of the molecule that departs or leaves with a pair of electrons in the heterolytic cleavage.

A substitution reaction favors product formation if a weaker base is formed relative to the nucleophile and vice-versa.

Answer 7

Chapter 27, Problem 13E

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

The nucleophile, electrophile and the leaving group in the following substitution reaction are to be determined.

CH3CH2ONa+CH3CH2CH2I⇌CH3CH2CH2OCCH2CH3+NaI

Concept introduction:

Substitution reactions are the chemical reactions in which an atom, ion or group in one molecule is replaced by the other. These are also known as the single displacement or single substitution reactions.

Nucleophiles are the electron-rich species that donate an electron pair in the reaction and electrophiles are the electron-deficient and accept an electron pair in the reaction. The leaving group is a part of the molecule that departs or leaves with a pair of electrons in the heterolytic cleavage.

A substitution reaction favors product formation if a weaker base is formed relative to the nucleophile and vice-versa.

Answer 8

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

The nucleophile, electrophile and the leaving group in the following substitution reaction are to be determined.

CH3CH2NH3++KI−⇌NH3+CH3CH2I+K+

Concept introduction:

Substitution reactions are the chemical reactions in which an atom, ion or group in one molecule is replaced by the other. These are also known as the single displacement or single substitution reactions.

Nucleophiles are the electron-rich species that donate an electron pair in the reaction and electrophiles are the electron-deficient and accept an electron pair in the reaction. The leaving group is a part of the molecule that departs or leaves with a pair of electrons in the heterolytic cleavage.

A substitution reaction favors product formation if a weaker base is formed relative to the nucleophile and vice-versa.

Answer 9

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

The nucleophile, electrophile and the leaving group in the following substitution reaction are to be determined.

CH3CH2NH3++KI−⇌NH3+CH3CH2I+K+

Concept introduction:

Substitution reactions are the chemical reactions in which an atom, ion or group in one molecule is replaced by the other. These are also known as the single displacement or single substitution reactions.

Nucleophiles are the electron-rich species that donate an electron pair in the reaction and electrophiles are the electron-deficient and accept an electron pair in the reaction. The leaving group is a part of the molecule that departs or leaves with a pair of electrons in the heterolytic cleavage.

A substitution reaction favors product formation if a weaker base is formed relative to the nucleophile and vice-versa.

Answer 10

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Answer 11

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Answer 12

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Answer 13

Ch. 27 - Describe what is meant by each of the following...Ch. 27 - Prob. 2E Ch. 27 - Prob. 3E Ch. 27 - Prob. 4E Ch. 27 - Prob. 5E Ch. 27 - Prob. 6E Ch. 27 - Prob. 7E Ch. 27 - Prob. 8E Ch. 27 - Answer the following questions for this SN2...Ch. 27 - Answer the following questions for this SN1...

Solution Summary: The author explains that the nucleophile, electrophile and leaving group in the following substitution reaction are to be determined.

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