Chapter 27, Problem 31E

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

The structure of the product for the given reaction should be determined.

Concept introduction:

The halogenation of alkenes is the electrophilic addition reaction, in which anti addition of the halides to the carbon-carbon double of the alkene occurs and yield vicinal dihalides.

In the halogenation reaction, inert solvents such as ${\text{CCl}}_{\text{4}}$ and methylene are used as the reagent.

A nucleophile is the Lewis base that donates a pair of an electron to form a covalent bond with the electrophile. An electrophile is the Lewis acid that accepts the electron to form a bond with the nucleophile.

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

The structure of the product for the given reaction should be determined.

Concept introduction:

Reaction of alkenes with hydrogen halide is an example of an addition reaction. In this reaction, halogen and hydrogen atom adds across the carbon-carbon double bond to give a saturated compound.

Interpretation Introduction

(c)

Interpretation:

The structures of the product for the given reaction should be determined.

Concept introduction:

The addition on the alkene is the electrophilic addition reaction. In this reaction, electrophile reacts with carbon-carbon double of the alkene which results in the formation of alkane.

The addition of water to the alkene in the presence of strong acid which results in the formation of alcohol. This is the type of hydration of alkene.

A nucleophile is the Lewis base that donates a pair of an electron to form a covalent bond with the electrophile. An electrophile is the Lewis acid that accepts the electron to form a bond with the nucleophile.