Biology
12th Edition
ISBN: 9781260494570
Author: Raven, Peter
Publisher: MCGRAW-HILL HIGHER EDUCATION
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Chapter 26, Problem 4U
Summary Introduction
Introduction: Temperate bacteriophages are the type of bacteriophage that can display a lysogenic lifecycle. These phages remain dormant until some period of infection.
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During the lysogenic cycle of lambda (1) phage
the phage genome is integrated in the host chromosome where it is passed on to daughter cells through binary fission.
the phage DNA is copied and accumulates in the cytoplasm. Then a trigger causes capsid proteins to be made and phages are assembled.
the product of one prophage gene is made and it activates most of the other prophage genes.
the viral genes immediately turn the host cell into a lambda-producing factory. Then the host lyses.
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The contents of a plaque may not always contain a clonal population of phage if:
a. Identical phages from a neighboring plaque diffuse into the original plaque
b. The bacteria run out of resources too quickly and limit phage growth
c. Different phages from a neighboring plaque diffuse into the original plaque
d. All plaques on the plate originated from a pure phage culture
Some strains of Escherichia coli bacteria have acquired the ability to produce the harmful Shiga toxin, normally produced by Shigella dysenteriae. Which statements best explain why this occurs? Mark all that apply.
A. conjugation between two different species of bacteria allowed both strains of bacteria to express a virulence factor
B. transformation resulted in expression of a virulence factor
C. horizontal gene transfer between different species of bacteria
D. transduction of a specific gene resulted in expression of new traits
Chapter 26 Solutions
Biology
Ch. 26.1 - Prob. 1LOCh. 26.1 - Prob. 2LOCh. 26.2 - Prob. 1LOCh. 26.2 - Prob. 2LOCh. 26.3 - Prob. 1LOCh. 26.3 - Describe how viruses can contribute DNA to their...Ch. 26.4 - Describe the differences between acute and...Ch. 26.4 - Prob. 2LOCh. 26.4 - Prob. 3LOCh. 26.5 - Prob. 1LO
Ch. 26 - Prob. 1UCh. 26 - Prob. 2UCh. 26 - Prob. 3UCh. 26 - Prob. 4UCh. 26 - Why is a drug that blocks HIV binding to one of...Ch. 26 - Prob. 6UCh. 26 - Prob. 7UCh. 26 - Prob. 1ACh. 26 - Prob. 2ACh. 26 - Prob. 3ACh. 26 - Prob. 4ACh. 26 - Prob. 5ACh. 26 - Prob. 6ACh. 26 - Prob. 7ACh. 26 - E. coli lysogens derived from infection by phage ...Ch. 26 - Prob. 2SCh. 26 - Prob. 3SCh. 26 - Prob. 4SCh. 26 - Prob. 5S
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- a. Which type of viruses can be directly used for translation? a) dsRNA b) Positive ssRNA c) Retroviruses d) Negative ssRNA b. An antiviral drug specifically modifies viral receptors on a eukaryotic host cell. How might this affect the viral reproductive cycle? It would enhance the process of viral apoptosis It would result in the degeneration of the viral capsid It would facilitate the process of viral endocytosis It would prevent the virus from attaching to the host cellarrow_forwardWhich statement describes the difference between a lytic and lysogenic phage cycle? In a lytic cycle, new phage particles will be produced; in a lysogenic cycle, the phage DNA is passed to new cells but does not produce phage particles. In a lytic cycle, the host cell does not die; in a lysogenic cycle, the host is killed. In a lytic cycle, the phage DNA enters the host cell; in a lysogenic cycle, the phage DNA remains on the exterior of the host cell. In a lytic cycle, the phage DNA incorporates into the host genome; in a lysogenic cycle, the phage DNA does not incorporate into the host genome.arrow_forwardWhy is a webbed plate capable of producing a higher lysate titer (pfu/mL) than a cleared plate? a.) A webbed plate has plaques that have gone through more rounds of replication because the number of host cells did not limit phage replication, creating exponentially more phage particles b.) A webbed plate has no more host available for replication, meaning the plate is full of exponentially higher amounts of phage c.) A cleared plate has less bacteria than a webbed plate, so there are more plaques present d.) A cleared plate contains more phage than a webbed plate because it started with a more concentrated phage samplearrow_forward
- In 2006, the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved the use of bacteriophage preparation that can be used on ready-to-eat meat and poultry products to kill Listeria monocytogenes, a bacterium that causes listeriosis. Some people may have concerns about the use of phages in foods. From what you have learned about bacteriophages and viruses, why do you think we do not have to be concerned about the presence of bacteriophages in food?arrow_forwardDuring viral infection, attachment is usually specific to a particular celltype becausea. the virus is attracted to the appropriate host cells by proteinssecreted into the extracellular fluid.b. the virus recognizes and binds to specific molecules in thecytoplasm of the host cell.c. the virus recognizes and binds to specific molecules on the surfaceof the host cell.d. the host cell produces channel proteins that provide passageways forviruses to enter the cytoplasm.e. the virus releases specific proteins that make holes in the membranelarge enough for the virus to enter.arrow_forwardAfter attachment and entry, the next step of viral lifecycle is to A.translate viral proteins B. assembly new viral particles C. replicate the genome D. release new virionsarrow_forward
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