Chapter 25.8, Problem 12P

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The group that gets reduced in conversion of pyruvate to lactate should be determined.

Concept introduction:

Glycolysis: It is pathway which describes conversion of one molecule of glucose into 2 $\text{pyruvate}$ molecules. It involves totally 10 set of reactions with it.

$NA{D}^{+}$Molecule: It is the oxidized form of $\text{Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide }\left(NAD\right)$ which exists in all cells and needed for activation of enzymes.

$NADHmolecule:$ It is coenzyme which gets oxidized on reducing another compound. The oxidized form of $\text{NADH}\text{is}{\text{NAD}}^{\text{+}}$.

Kinase: It is enzyme which serves as a catalyst in reaction of transferring phosphoryl group into the substrate.

Substrate: The molecule where the reaction takes place with help of enzymes.

Coenzyme: They are non-proteins molecules which helps enzymes for catalyzing the reaction.

Enzyme: The proteins that helps chemical reaction to occur.

Oxidation: The oxidation is reaction that involves addition of oxygen atom or loss of electrons or removal of hydrogen atom present in the chemical compound.

Reduction: It involves removal of oxygen or addition of hydrogen to the chemical compound.