Anatomy & Physiology
1st Edition
ISBN: 9781938168130
Author: Kelly A. Young, James A. Wise, Peter DeSaix, Dean H. Kruse, Brandon Poe, Eddie Johnson, Jody E. Johnson, Oksana Korol, J. Gordon Betts, Mark Womble
Publisher: OpenStax College
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Textbook Question
Chapter 25, Problem 32CTQ
Both diabetes mellitus and diabetes insipidus produce large urine volumes, but how would other characteristics of the urine differ between the two diseases?
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Chapter 25 Solutions
Anatomy & Physiology
Ch. 25 - Diabetes insipidus or diabetes mellitus would most...Ch. 25 - The color of urine is determined mainly by...Ch. 25 - Production of less than 50 mL/day of urine is...Ch. 25 - Peristaltic contractions occur in the ________....Ch. 25 - Somatic motor neurons must be ________ to relax...Ch. 25 - Which pan of the urinaiy system is not completely...Ch. 25 - The renal pyramids are separated from each other...Ch. 25 - The primary structure found within the medulla is...Ch. 25 - The right kidney is slightly lower because...Ch. 25 - Blood filtrate is captured in the lumen of the...
Ch. 25 - What are the names of the capillaries following...Ch. 25 - The functional unit of the kidney is called...Ch. 25 - ________ pressure must be greater on the capillary...Ch. 25 - Production of urine to modify plasma makeup is the...Ch. 25 - Systemic blood pressure must stay above 60 so that...Ch. 25 - Aquaporin channels are only found in the...Ch. 25 - Most absorption and secretion occurs in this part...Ch. 25 - The fine tuning of water recovery or disposal...Ch. 25 - Vasodilation of blood vessels to the kidneys is...Ch. 25 - When blood pressure increases, blood vessels...Ch. 25 - Which of these three paracrine chemicals cause...Ch. 25 - What hormone directly opposes the actions of...Ch. 25 - Which of these is a vasoconstrictor? nitric oxide...Ch. 25 - What signal causes the heart to secrete atrial...Ch. 25 - Which of these beverages does not have a diuretic...Ch. 25 - Progesterone can bind to receptors for which...Ch. 25 - Renin is released in response to ________....Ch. 25 - Which step in vitamin D production does the kidney...Ch. 25 - Which hormone does the kidney produce that...Ch. 25 - If there were no aquaporin channels in the...Ch. 25 - What is suggested by the presence of white blood...Ch. 25 - Both diabetes mellitus and diabetes insipidus...Ch. 25 - Why are females more likely to contract bladder...Ch. 25 - Describe how forceful urination is accomplished.Ch. 25 - What anatomical structures provide protection to...Ch. 25 - How does the renal poital system differ from the...Ch. 25 - Name the structures found in the renal hilum.Ch. 25 - Which structures make up the renal corpuscle?Ch. 25 - What are the major structures comprising the...Ch. 25 - Give the formula for net filtration pressure.Ch. 25 - Name at least five symptoms of kidney failure.Ch. 25 - Which vessels and what pail of the nephron are...Ch. 25 - Give the approximate osmolarity of fluid in the...Ch. 25 - Explain what happens to Na+ concentration in the...Ch. 25 - If you want the kidney to excrete more Na+ in the...Ch. 25 - What organs produce which hormones or enzymes in...Ch. 25 - PTH affects absorption and reabsorption of what?Ch. 25 - Why is ADH also called vasopressin?Ch. 25 - How can glucose be a diuretic?Ch. 25 - How does lack of protein in the blood cause edema?Ch. 25 - Which three electrolytes are most closely...
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- The presence of compounds in urine, depending on the level or range, are indications of underlying disorders. Using glucose as an example, what does the presence of this compound in the urine indicate? And after seeing this compound consecutively in the result, what would be the best course of action to take?arrow_forwardA 35 year old individual is drinking from a gallon water bottle. They feel dizzy upon standing and tend to complain of frequent urination and thirst. They can't take trips becuase they may be too far from a bathroom. They frequently get up at night to urinate. What most importantly distingues between diabetes mellitus and diabetes insipidus? a.) glucose in the urine b.) concentration of the urine c.) aldosterone levels d.) protein in the urinearrow_forwardWhat is the clinical significance of the presence of glucose in the urine?arrow_forward
- Alcohol and caffeine inhibit the effects of antidiuretic hormone.Explain why drinking beer or coffee increases the frequency ofurination. If your urine appears dilute (is light yellow) after drinkingbeer or coffee, does that indicate that you are well hydrated?arrow_forwardDuring a state of low blood volume and decreased extracellular sodium level (as in cardiac failure), which one of the following occurs? 1) B. Aldosterone is produced by the kidneys, leading to the release of renin, which increases kidney reabsorption of sodium. 2) D. Antidiuretic hormone produced by the kidneys stimulates the production of aldosterone by the adrenal gland, which increases reabsorption of sodium and water retention. 3) A. Renin is produced by the kidneys and is converted to angiotensin, which induces the secretion of aldosterone by the adrenal gland, which in turn increases reabsorption of sodium and retention of water. 4) C. Renin is produced by the adrenal glands, leading to vasoconstriction and production of antidiuretic hormone by the pituitary gland, which increases fluid volume by causing water retention. no references, just homeworkarrow_forwardDiabetes mellitus and diabetes insipidus are both due to lack of a hormone. Which hormone causes which? What symptom do they have in common? What would you find in the urine of a patient with one but not the other?arrow_forward
- Explain the role of sodium-glucose cotransporters in the kidneys. Where are they generally found in the nephron? How do they play a role in diabetes mellitus?arrow_forwardDescribe the most common acid-base abnormalities in patients with diabetes mellitus?arrow_forwardWhy is glucose normally absent from the urine?arrow_forward
- When diagnosed, a patient suffering from pain in the joints was found to have elevated uric acid in the blood, along with other symptoms. What could be the reason?arrow_forwardExplain briefly what does excess amount of creatinine in urine indicate?arrow_forwardIndividuals with a rare condition called diabetes insipidus do not produce vasopressin. How would urine output of an individual with diabetes insipidus compare with that of a healthy individual?arrow_forward
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