Concept explainers
(a)
Interpretation:
The step (of steps 1 through 4) and turn (second or third) of the β-oxidation pathway in which the following compound is encountered as a reactant if the degraded fatty acid is decanoic acid has to be determined.
Concept introduction:
The β-oxidation pathway is defined as a repetitive series of four biochemical reactions in which acyl CoA is degraded to acetyl CoA by the removal of two carbon atoms at a time. NADH and FADH2 are also produced in this pathway.
The functional group change in the β-oxidation pathway is as follows:
Here, R and R’ represent an alkyl group. In
(b)
Interpretation:
The step (of steps 1 through 4) and turn (second or third) of the β-oxidation pathway in which the following compound is encountered as a reactant if the degraded fatty acid is decanoic acid has to be determined.
Concept introduction:
The β-oxidation pathway is defined as a repetitive series of four biochemical reactions in which acyl CoA is degraded to acetyl CoA by the removal of two carbon atoms at a time. NADH and FADH2 are also produced in this pathway.
The functional group change in the β-oxidation pathway is as follows:
Functional groups are defined as the group of atoms which are attached to the carbon backbone of organic compounds. These are generally heteroatoms which are attached to the parent hydrocarbon chain. Some examples of functional groups are as follows:
Here, R and R’ represent an alkyl group. In alkene, R1, R2, R3, and R4 can be the same or different or can be hydrogen.
Alkanes are saturated hydrocarbons that contain covalently bonded hydrogen and carbon atoms. In secondary alcohol, the carbon atom of the hydroxyl group
(c)
Interpretation:
The step (of steps 1 through 4) and turn (second or third) of the β-oxidation pathway in which the following compound is encountered as a reactant if the degraded fatty acid is decanoic acid has to be determined.
Concept introduction:
The β-oxidation pathway is defined as a repetitive series of four biochemical reactions in which acyl CoA is degraded to acetyl CoA by the removal of two carbon atoms at a time. NADH and FADH2 are also produced in this pathway.
The functional group change in the β-oxidation pathway is as follows:
Functional groups are defined as the group of atoms which are attached to the carbon backbone of organic compounds. These are generally heteroatoms which are attached to the parent hydrocarbon chain. Some examples of functional groups are as follows:
Here, R and R’ represent an alkyl group. In alkene, R1, R2, R3, and R4 can be the same or different or can be hydrogen.
Alkanes are saturated hydrocarbons that contain covalently bonded hydrogen and carbon atoms. In secondary alcohol, the carbon atom of the hydroxyl group
(d)
Interpretation:
The step (of steps 1 through 4) and turn (second or third) of the β-oxidation pathway in which the following compound is encountered as a reactant if the degraded fatty acid is decanoic acid has to be determined.
Concept introduction:
The β-oxidation pathway is defined as a repetitive series of four biochemical reactions in which acyl CoA is degraded to acetyl CoA by the removal of two carbon atoms at a time. NADH and FADH2 are also produced in this pathway.
The functional group change in the β-oxidation pathway is as follows:
Functional groups are defined as the group of atoms which are attached to the carbon backbone of organic compounds. These are generally heteroatoms which are attached to the parent hydrocarbon chain. Some examples of functional groups are as follows:
Here, R and R’ represent an alkyl group. In alkene, R1, R2, R3, and R4 can be the same or different or can be hydrogen.
Alkanes are saturated hydrocarbons that contain covalently bonded hydrogen and carbon atoms. In secondary alcohol, the carbon atom of the hydroxyl group
Want to see the full answer?
Check out a sample textbook solutionChapter 25 Solutions
EBK GENERAL, ORGANIC, AND BIOLOGICAL CH
- The SN 1 mechanism starts with the rate-determining step which is the dissociation of the alkyl halide into a carbocation and a halide ion. The next step is the rapid reaction of the carbocation intermediate with the nucleophile; this step completes the nucleophilic substitution stage. The step that follows the nucleophilic substitution is a fast acid-base reaction. The nucleophile now acts as a base to remove the proton from the oxonium ion from the previous step, to give the observed product. Draw a curved arrow mechanism for the reaction, adding steps as necessary. Be sure to include all nonzero formal charges. Cl: Add/Remove step G Click and drag to start drawing a structure.arrow_forwardPlease correct answer and don't use hand ratingarrow_forwardA monochromatic light with a wavelength of 2.5x10-7m strikes a grating containing 10,000 slits/cm. Determine the angular positions of the second-order bright line.arrow_forward
- Curved arrows are used to illustrate the flow of electrons. Us the reaction conditions provided and follow the curved arrow to draw the resulting structure(s). Include all lone pairs and charges as appropriate. H :I H 0arrow_forwardPlease correct answer and don't use hand ratingarrow_forwardNonearrow_forward
- You have started a patient on a new drug. Each dose introduces 40 pg/mL of drug after redistribution and prior to elimination. This drug is administered at 24 h intervals and has a half life of 24 h. What will the concentration of drug be after each of the first six doses? Show your work a. What is the concentration after the fourth dose? in pg/mL b. What is the concentration after the fifth dose? in pg/mL c. What is the concentration after the sixth dose? in pg/mLarrow_forwardNonearrow_forwardidentify the formal charge in the case. below by indicating the magnitude, sign, and location of the charge magnitude and sign of formal charge location of formal charge (atom number): Narrow_forward
- General, Organic, and Biological ChemistryChemistryISBN:9781285853918Author:H. Stephen StokerPublisher:Cengage LearningOrganic And Biological ChemistryChemistryISBN:9781305081079Author:STOKER, H. Stephen (howard Stephen)Publisher:Cengage Learning,Chemistry for Today: General, Organic, and Bioche...ChemistryISBN:9781305960060Author:Spencer L. Seager, Michael R. Slabaugh, Maren S. HansenPublisher:Cengage Learning
- Organic ChemistryChemistryISBN:9781305580350Author:William H. Brown, Brent L. Iverson, Eric Anslyn, Christopher S. FootePublisher:Cengage LearningIntroduction to General, Organic and BiochemistryChemistryISBN:9781285869759Author:Frederick A. Bettelheim, William H. Brown, Mary K. Campbell, Shawn O. Farrell, Omar TorresPublisher:Cengage Learning