Concept explainers
(a)
Interpretation:
Among acyl CoA, enoyl CoA, hydroxyacyl CoA, or ketoacyl CoA, the substance that is involved as a reactant in step 1 of one “turn” of the β-oxidation pathway has to be determined.
Concept introduction:
The β-oxidation pathway is defined as a repetitive series of four biochemical reactions in which acyl CoA is degraded to acetyl CoA by the removal of two carbon atoms at a time. NADH and FADH2 are also produced in this pathway. The
A reactant is defined as the substance that is initially present in the
(b)
Interpretation:
Among acyl CoA, enoyl CoA, hydroxyacyl CoA, or ketoacyl CoA, the substance that is involved as a product in step 2 of one “turn” of the β-oxidation pathway has to be determined.
Concept introduction:
The β-oxidation pathway is defined as a repetitive series of four biochemical reactions in which acyl CoA is degraded to acetyl CoA by the removal of two carbon atoms at a time. NADH and FADH2 are also produced in this pathway. The functional group change in the β-oxidation pathway is as follows:
A product is defined as the substance that is formed after the completion of a chemical reaction.
(c)
Interpretation:
Among acyl CoA, enoyl CoA, hydroxyacyl CoA, or ketoacyl CoA, the substance that is involved as a product in step 3 of one “turn” of the β-oxidation pathway has to be determined.
Concept introduction:
The β-oxidation pathway is defined as a repetitive series of four biochemical reactions in which acyl CoA is degraded to acetyl CoA by the removal of two carbon atoms at a time. NADH and FADH2 are also produced in this pathway. The functional group change in the β-oxidation pathway is as follows:
A product is defined as the substance that is formed after the completion of a chemical reaction.
(d)
Interpretation:
Among acyl CoA, enoyl CoA, hydroxyacyl CoA, or ketoacyl CoA, the substance that is involved as a reactant in step 4 of one “turn” of the β-oxidation pathway has to be determined.
Concept introduction:
The β-oxidation pathway is defined as a repetitive series of four biochemical reactions in which acyl CoA is degraded to acetyl CoA by the removal of two carbon atoms at a time. NADH and FADH2 are also produced in this pathway. The functional group change in the β-oxidation pathway is as follows:
A reactant is defined as the substance that is initially present in the chemical reaction and gets consumed to form a new substance.

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Chapter 25 Solutions
EBK GENERAL, ORGANIC, AND BIOLOGICAL CH
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