Concept explainers
(a)
Interpretation: The reason corresponding to the fact that phentermine cannot be made by reductive amination reaction is to be stated.
Concept introduction: The conversion of
(b)
Interpretation: The systematic name for phentermine, is to be predicted.
Concept introduction:
1. The hydrocarbon is named after the carbon chain containing higher number of carbon atoms.
2. The parent
3. When the nitrogen atom of amine is substituted with alkyl groups, then the amine is named with prefix
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Organic Chemistry
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- Stanozolol is an anabolic steroid that promotes muscle growth. Althoughstanozolol has been used by athletes and body builders, many physicaland psychological problems result from prolonged use and it is bannedin competitive sports. Explain why the pKa of the N—H bond in the pyrazole ring iscomparable to the pKa of the O—H bond, making it considerably moreacidic than amines such as CH3NH2 (pKa = 40).arrow_forwardDraw a structural formula for each amine and amine derivative. (a) N,N-Dimethylaniline (b) Triethylamine (c) tert-Butylamine (d) 1,4-Benzenediamine (e) 4-Aminobutanoic acid (f) (R)-2-Butanamine (g) Benzylamine (h) trans-2-Aminocyclohexanol (i) 1-Phenyl-2-propanamine (amphetamine) (j) Lithium diisopropylamide (LDA) (k) Benzyltrimethylammonium hydroxide (Triton B)arrow_forwardThe common precursor of amine hormones is the aromatic amino acidarrow_forward
- Following are structural formulas for amphetamine and methamphetamine. H NH, CH3 (a) (b) Amphetamine (racemic) Methamphetamine (racemic) The major central nervous system effects of amphetamine and amphetamine-like drugs are locomotor stimulation, euphoria and excitement, stereotyped behavior, and anorexia. Show how each drug can be synthesized by reductive amination of an ap- propriate aldehyde or ketone and amine.arrow_forwardExplain how you would rank the amines given below according to their basicity, together with the reasons.arrow_forwardDescribe concisely a chemical test to distinguish between the following pairs of compounds.(a) Propanal and propanone(b) Phenol and benzoic acid(c) Hexan-3-one and hexan-2-onearrow_forward
- In the 1880's, Acetanilide, sold under the name Antifebrin, was widely used as a pain reliever and fever reducer. However, it had many adverse side effects, including cyanosis as a result of methemoglobinemia. The toxic side effects were the result of a small portion of acetanilide being hydrolyzed to aniline. Acetanilide was discontinued and replaced with phenacetin. Later studies show that both acetanilide and phenacetin are metabolized to acetaminophen. This metabolite, which we know as Tylenol, is responsible for the analgesic and antipyretic properties. Part 1: Show a detailed arrow pushing mechanism of the acid catalyzed hydrolysis of acetanilide to aniline Part 2: Propose a synthesis of Acetaminophen from phenol NH NH NH Phenacetin inophen Acetanilide Attach File Browse Local Files Browse Content Collectionarrow_forwardI need the answer as soon as possiblearrow_forward(a) Explain how NaBH4 in CH3OH can reduce hemiacetal A to butane-1,4-diol (HOCH2CH2CH2CH2OH). (b) What product is formed when A is treated with Ph3P = CHCH2CH(CH3)2? (c) The drug isotretinoin is formed by reaction of X and Y. What is the structure of isotretinoin? Although isotretinoin (trade name Accutane or Roaccutane) is used for the treatment of severe acne, it is dispensed under strict controls because it also causes birth defects.arrow_forward
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