Physics for Scientists and Engineers with Modern Physics
4th Edition
ISBN: 9780131495081
Author: Douglas C. Giancoli
Publisher: Addison-Wesley
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Textbook Question
Chapter 24, Problem 6P
(II) An isolated capacitor C1 carries a charge Q0. Its wires are then connected to those of a second capacitor C2, previously uncharged. What charge will each carry now? What will be the potential difference across each?
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A cylinder with a piston contains 0.153 mol of
nitrogen at a pressure of 1.83×105 Pa and a
temperature of 290 K. The nitrogen may be
treated as an ideal gas. The gas is first compressed
isobarically to half its original volume. It then
expands adiabatically back to its original volume,
and finally it is heated isochorically to its original
pressure.
Part A
Compute the temperature at the beginning of the adiabatic expansion.
Express your answer in kelvins.
ΕΠΙ ΑΣΦ
T₁ =
?
K
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Part B
Compute the temperature at the end of the adiabatic expansion.
Express your answer in kelvins.
Π ΑΣΦ
T₂ =
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Part C
Compute the minimum pressure.
Express your answer in pascals.
ΕΠΙ ΑΣΦ
P =
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?
?
K
Pa
Learning Goal:
To understand the meaning and the basic applications of
pV diagrams for an ideal gas.
As you know, the parameters of an ideal gas are
described by the equation
pV = nRT,
where p is the pressure of the gas, V is the volume of
the gas, n is the number of moles, R is the universal gas
constant, and T is the absolute temperature of the gas. It
follows that, for a portion of an ideal gas,
pV
= constant.
Τ
One can see that, if the amount of gas remains constant,
it is impossible to change just one parameter of the gas:
At least one more parameter would also change. For
instance, if the pressure of the gas is changed, we can
be sure that either the volume or the temperature of the
gas (or, maybe, both!) would also change.
To explore these changes, it is often convenient to draw a
graph showing one parameter as a function of the other.
Although there are many choices of axes, the most
common one is a plot of pressure as a function of
volume: a pV diagram.
In this problem, you…
Learning Goal:
To understand the meaning and the basic applications of
pV diagrams for an ideal gas.
As you know, the parameters of an ideal gas are
described by the equation
pV = nRT,
where p is the pressure of the gas, V is the volume of
the gas, n is the number of moles, R is the universal gas
constant, and T is the absolute temperature of the gas. It
follows that, for a portion of an ideal gas,
pV
= constant.
T
One can see that, if the amount of gas remains constant,
it is impossible to change just one parameter of the gas:
At least one more parameter would also change. For
instance, if the pressure of the gas is changed, we can
be sure that either the volume or the temperature of the
gas (or, maybe, both!) would also change.
To explore these changes, it is often convenient to draw a
graph showing one parameter as a function of the other.
Although there are many choices of axes, the most
common one is a plot of pressure as a function of
volume: a pV diagram.
In this problem, you…
Chapter 24 Solutions
Physics for Scientists and Engineers with Modern Physics
Ch. 24.1 - Graphs for charge versus voltage are shown in Fig....Ch. 24.2 - Two circular plates of radius 5.0 cm are separated...Ch. 24.2 - What is the capacitance per unit length of a...Ch. 24.3 - Consider two identical capacitors C1 = C2 = 10 F....Ch. 24.5 - Return to the Chapter-Opening Question, page 628,...Ch. 24 - Suppose two nearby conductors carry the same...Ch. 24 - Suppose the separation of plates d in a...Ch. 24 - Suppose one of the plates of a parallel-plate...Ch. 24 - When a battery is connected to a capacitor, why do...Ch. 24 - Describe a sample method of measuring 0 using a...
Ch. 24 - Suppose three identical capacitors are connected...Ch. 24 - A large copper sheet of thickness is placed...Ch. 24 - The parallel plates of an isolated capacitor carry...Ch. 24 - How does the energy in a capacitor change if (a)...Ch. 24 - If the voltage across a capacitor is doubled, the...Ch. 24 - An isolated charged capacitor has horizontal...Ch. 24 - Suppose a battery remains connected to the...Ch. 24 - How does the energy stored in a capacitor change...Ch. 24 - For dielectrics consisting of polar molecules, how...Ch. 24 - A dielectric is pulled out from between the plates...Ch. 24 - We have seen that the capacitance C depends on the...Ch. 24 - What value might we assign to the dielectric...Ch. 24 - (I) The two plates of a capacitor hold +2800 C and...Ch. 24 - (I) How much charge flows from a 12.0-V battery...Ch. 24 - (I) The potential difference between two short...Ch. 24 - (I) The charge on a capacitor increases by 26 C...Ch. 24 - (II) A 7.7-F capacitor is charged by a 125-V...Ch. 24 - (II) An isolated capacitor C1 carries a charge Q0....Ch. 24 - (II) It takes 15 J of energy to move a 0.20-mC...Ch. 24 - (II) A 2.70-F capacitor is charged to 475 V and a...Ch. 24 - (II) Compact ultracapacitors with capacitance...Ch. 24 - (II) In a dynamic random access memory (DRAM)...Ch. 24 - (I) To make a 0.40-F capacitor, what area must the...Ch. 24 - (I) What is the capacitance per unit length (F/m)...Ch. 24 - (I) Determine the capacitance of the Earth,...Ch. 24 - (II) Use Gausss law to show that E=0 inside the...Ch. 24 - (II) Dry air will break down if the electric field...Ch. 24 - (II) An electric field of 4.80 105V/m is desired...Ch. 24 - (II) How strong is the electric field between the...Ch. 24 - (II) A large metal sheet of thickness is placed...Ch. 24 - (III) Small distances are commonly measured...Ch. 24 - (III) In an electrostatic air cleaner...Ch. 24 - (I) The capacitance of a portion of a circuit is...Ch. 24 - (I) (a) Six 3.8-F capacitors are connected in...Ch. 24 - (II) Given three capacitors, C1 = 2.0 F, C2 = 1.5...Ch. 24 - (II) Suppose three parallel-plate capacitors,...Ch. 24 - (II) An electric circuit was accidentally...Ch. 24 - (II) Three conducting plates, each of area A, are...Ch. 24 - (II) Consider three capacitors, of capacitance...Ch. 24 - (II) A 0.50-F and a 0.80-F capacitor are connected...Ch. 24 - (II) In Fig. 2423, suppose C1 = C2 = C3 = C4 = C....Ch. 24 - (II) Suppose in Fig. 2423 that C1 = C2 = C3 = 16.0...Ch. 24 - (II) The switch S in Mg. 2424 is connected...Ch. 24 - (II) (a) Determine the equivalent capacitance...Ch. 24 - FIGURE 2425 Problems 32 and 33. (II) Suppose in...Ch. 24 - (II) Two capacitors connected in parallel produce...Ch. 24 - (II) In the capacitance bridge shown m Fig. 2426,...Ch. 24 - (II) Two capacitors, C1 = 3200 pF and C2 = 1800...Ch. 24 - (II) (a) Determine the equivalent capacitance of...Ch. 24 - (II) In Fig. 2427, let C1 = 2.00 F, C2 = 3.00 F,...Ch. 24 - (III) Suppose one plate of a parallel-plate...Ch. 24 - (III) A voltage V is applied to the capacitor...Ch. 24 - (I) 2200 V is applied to a 2800-pF capacitor. How...Ch. 24 - (I) There is an electric field near the Earths...Ch. 24 - (I) How much energy is stored by the electric...Ch. 24 - (II) A parallel-plate capacitor has fixed charges...Ch. 24 - (II) In Fig. 2427, Let V = 10.0 V and C1 = C2 = C3...Ch. 24 - (II) How much energy must a 28-V battery expend to...Ch. 24 - (II) (a) Suppose the outer radius Ra of a...Ch. 24 - (II) A 2.2-F capacitor is charged by a 12.0-V...Ch. 24 - (II) How much work would be required to remove a...Ch. 24 - (II) (a) Show that each plate of a parallel-plate...Ch. 24 - (II) Show that the electrostatic energy stored in...Ch. 24 - (II) When two capacitors are connected in parallel...Ch. 24 - (II) For commonly used CMOS (complementary metal...Ch. 24 - (I) What is the capacitance of two square parallel...Ch. 24 - (II) Suppose the capacitor in Example 2411 remains...Ch. 24 - (II) How much energy would be stored in the...Ch. 24 - (II) In the DRAM computer chip of Problem 10, the...Ch. 24 - (II) A 3500-pF air-gap capacitor is connected to a...Ch. 24 - (II) Two different dielectrics each fill half the...Ch. 24 - (II) Two different dielectrics fill the space...Ch. 24 - (II) Repeat Problem 60 (Fig. 2431) but assume the...Ch. 24 - (II) Two identical capacitors are connected in...Ch. 24 - (III) A slab of width d and dielectric constant K...Ch. 24 - (III) The quantity of liquid (such as cryogenic...Ch. 24 - (II) Show that the capacitor in Example 2412 with...Ch. 24 - (II) Repeat Example 24-12 assuming the battery...Ch. 24 - (II) Using Example 2412 as a model, derive a...Ch. 24 - (II) In Example 2412 what percent of the stored...Ch. 24 - (III) The capacitor shown in Fig. 2434 is...Ch. 24 - (a) A general rule for estimating the capacitance...Ch. 24 - A cardiac defibrillator is used to shock a heart...Ch. 24 - A homemade capacitor is assembled by placing two...Ch. 24 - An uncharged capacitor is connected to a 34.0-V...Ch. 24 - It takes 18.5 J of energy to move a 13.0-mC charge...Ch. 24 - A huge 3.0-F capacitor has enough stored energy to...Ch. 24 - A coaxial cable, Fig. 2435, consists of an inner...Ch. 24 - The electric field between the plates of a...Ch. 24 - Capacitors can be used as electric charge...Ch. 24 - A parallel-plate capacitor is isolated with a...Ch. 24 - In lightning storms, the potential difference...Ch. 24 - A multilayer film capacitor has a maximum voltage...Ch. 24 - A 3.5 F capacitor is charged by a 12.4-V battery...Ch. 24 - The power supply for a pulsed nitrogen laser has a...Ch. 24 - A parallel-plate capacitor has square plates 12 cm...Ch. 24 - The variable capacitance of an old radio tuner...Ch. 24 - A high-voltage supply can be constructed from a...Ch. 24 - A 175-pF capacitor is connected in series with an...Ch. 24 - A parallel-plate capacitor with plate area 2.0 cm2...Ch. 24 - In the circuit shown in Fig. 2437. C1 = 1.0 F, C2...Ch. 24 - The long cylindrical capacitor shown in Fig. 2438...Ch. 24 - A parallel-plate capacitor has plate area A, plate...Ch. 24 - Consider the use of capacitors as memory cells. A...Ch. 24 - To get an idea how big a farad is, suppose you...Ch. 24 - A student wearing shoes with thin insulating soles...Ch. 24 - A parallel-plate capacitor with plate area A = 2.0...Ch. 24 - Let us try to estimate the maximum static...Ch. 24 - Paper has a dielectric constant K = 3.7 and a...Ch. 24 - (II) Six physics students were each given an air...
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