To indicate whether the statement “pyruvate is the initial reactant for glycolysis” concerning glucose metabolic pathways is true or false. Concept introduction: Pyruvate ( CH 3 COCOO − ) is the conjugate base of pyruvic acid ( CH 3 COCOOH ) . Pyruvate molecule contains three carbon atoms, therefore, it is a C 3 molecule. A reactant is defined as the substance that is initially present in the chemical reaction and gets consumed to form a new substance.

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Answer 1

Question

Chapter 24, Problem 24.89EP

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: To indicate whether the statement “pyruvate is the initial reactant for glycolysis” concerning glucose metabolic pathways is true or false.

Concept introduction: Pyruvate (CH3COCOO−) is the conjugate base of pyruvic acid (CH3COCOOH). Pyruvate molecule contains three carbon atoms, therefore, it is a C3 molecule.

A reactant is defined as the substance that is initially present in the chemical reaction and gets consumed to form a new substance.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: To indicate whether the statement “lactate is the initial reactant for gluconeogenesis” concerning glucose metabolic pathways is true or false.

Concept introduction: Lactate is the conjugate base of lactic acid. The structure of lactate is as follows:

A reactant is defined as the substance that is initially present in the chemical reaction and gets consumed to form a new substance.

Gluconeogenesis is an eleven-step pathway in which glucose is produced from non-carbohydrate substances.

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: To indicate whether the statement “glycogen is the initial reactant for glycogenolysis” concerning glucose metabolic pathways is true or false.

Concept introduction: Glucose is a monosaccharide with the molecular formula C6H12O6. Glycogen is a polysaccharide of glucose. It serves as a form of carbohydrate storage in humans and animals. Glycogen is a source of glucose in humans and animals.

A reactant is defined as the substance that is initially present in the chemical reaction and gets consumed to form a new substance.

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: To indicate whether the statement “glucose 6−phosphate is the initial reactant for glycogenesis” concerning glucose metabolic pathways is true or false.

Concept introduction: Glucose is a monosaccharide with the molecular formula C6H12O6. Glycogen is a polysaccharide of glucose. It serves as a form of carbohydrate storage in humans and animals. Glycogen is a source of glucose in humans and animals.

A reactant is defined as the substance that is initially present in the chemical reaction and gets consumed to form a new substance.

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a. The change in the Gibbs energy of a certain constant pressure process is found to fit the expression: AG-85.1 J mol −1 +36.5 J mol ¹K-1 × T A. Calculate the value of AS for the process. B. Next, use the Gibbs-Helmholtz equation: (a(AG/T)) ΔΗ - T2 to calculate the value of AH for the process.

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Answer 2

Question

Chapter 24, Problem 24.89EP

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: To indicate whether the statement “pyruvate is the initial reactant for glycolysis” concerning glucose metabolic pathways is true or false.

Concept introduction: Pyruvate (CH3COCOO−) is the conjugate base of pyruvic acid (CH3COCOOH). Pyruvate molecule contains three carbon atoms, therefore, it is a C3 molecule.

A reactant is defined as the substance that is initially present in the chemical reaction and gets consumed to form a new substance.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: To indicate whether the statement “lactate is the initial reactant for gluconeogenesis” concerning glucose metabolic pathways is true or false.

Concept introduction: Lactate is the conjugate base of lactic acid. The structure of lactate is as follows:

A reactant is defined as the substance that is initially present in the chemical reaction and gets consumed to form a new substance.

Gluconeogenesis is an eleven-step pathway in which glucose is produced from non-carbohydrate substances.

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: To indicate whether the statement “glycogen is the initial reactant for glycogenolysis” concerning glucose metabolic pathways is true or false.

Concept introduction: Glucose is a monosaccharide with the molecular formula C6H12O6. Glycogen is a polysaccharide of glucose. It serves as a form of carbohydrate storage in humans and animals. Glycogen is a source of glucose in humans and animals.

A reactant is defined as the substance that is initially present in the chemical reaction and gets consumed to form a new substance.

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: To indicate whether the statement “glucose 6−phosphate is the initial reactant for glycogenesis” concerning glucose metabolic pathways is true or false.

Concept introduction: Glucose is a monosaccharide with the molecular formula C6H12O6. Glycogen is a polysaccharide of glucose. It serves as a form of carbohydrate storage in humans and animals. Glycogen is a source of glucose in humans and animals.

A reactant is defined as the substance that is initially present in the chemical reaction and gets consumed to form a new substance.

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Answer 3

Question

Chapter 24, Problem 24.89EP

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: To indicate whether the statement “pyruvate is the initial reactant for glycolysis” concerning glucose metabolic pathways is true or false.

Concept introduction: Pyruvate (CH3COCOO−) is the conjugate base of pyruvic acid (CH3COCOOH). Pyruvate molecule contains three carbon atoms, therefore, it is a C3 molecule.

A reactant is defined as the substance that is initially present in the chemical reaction and gets consumed to form a new substance.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: To indicate whether the statement “lactate is the initial reactant for gluconeogenesis” concerning glucose metabolic pathways is true or false.

Concept introduction: Lactate is the conjugate base of lactic acid. The structure of lactate is as follows:

A reactant is defined as the substance that is initially present in the chemical reaction and gets consumed to form a new substance.

Gluconeogenesis is an eleven-step pathway in which glucose is produced from non-carbohydrate substances.

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: To indicate whether the statement “glycogen is the initial reactant for glycogenolysis” concerning glucose metabolic pathways is true or false.

Concept introduction: Glucose is a monosaccharide with the molecular formula C6H12O6. Glycogen is a polysaccharide of glucose. It serves as a form of carbohydrate storage in humans and animals. Glycogen is a source of glucose in humans and animals.

A reactant is defined as the substance that is initially present in the chemical reaction and gets consumed to form a new substance.

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: To indicate whether the statement “glucose 6−phosphate is the initial reactant for glycogenesis” concerning glucose metabolic pathways is true or false.

Concept introduction: Glucose is a monosaccharide with the molecular formula C6H12O6. Glycogen is a polysaccharide of glucose. It serves as a form of carbohydrate storage in humans and animals. Glycogen is a source of glucose in humans and animals.

A reactant is defined as the substance that is initially present in the chemical reaction and gets consumed to form a new substance.

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Answer 4

Question

Chapter 24, Problem 24.89EP

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: To indicate whether the statement “pyruvate is the initial reactant for glycolysis” concerning glucose metabolic pathways is true or false.

Concept introduction: Pyruvate (CH3COCOO−) is the conjugate base of pyruvic acid (CH3COCOOH). Pyruvate molecule contains three carbon atoms, therefore, it is a C3 molecule.

A reactant is defined as the substance that is initially present in the chemical reaction and gets consumed to form a new substance.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: To indicate whether the statement “lactate is the initial reactant for gluconeogenesis” concerning glucose metabolic pathways is true or false.

Concept introduction: Lactate is the conjugate base of lactic acid. The structure of lactate is as follows:

A reactant is defined as the substance that is initially present in the chemical reaction and gets consumed to form a new substance.

Gluconeogenesis is an eleven-step pathway in which glucose is produced from non-carbohydrate substances.

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: To indicate whether the statement “glycogen is the initial reactant for glycogenolysis” concerning glucose metabolic pathways is true or false.

Concept introduction: Glucose is a monosaccharide with the molecular formula C6H12O6. Glycogen is a polysaccharide of glucose. It serves as a form of carbohydrate storage in humans and animals. Glycogen is a source of glucose in humans and animals.

A reactant is defined as the substance that is initially present in the chemical reaction and gets consumed to form a new substance.

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: To indicate whether the statement “glucose 6−phosphate is the initial reactant for glycogenesis” concerning glucose metabolic pathways is true or false.

Concept introduction: Glucose is a monosaccharide with the molecular formula C6H12O6. Glycogen is a polysaccharide of glucose. It serves as a form of carbohydrate storage in humans and animals. Glycogen is a source of glucose in humans and animals.

A reactant is defined as the substance that is initially present in the chemical reaction and gets consumed to form a new substance.

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Answer 5

Chapter 24, Problem 24.89EP

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: To indicate whether the statement “pyruvate is the initial reactant for glycolysis” concerning glucose metabolic pathways is true or false.

Concept introduction: Pyruvate (CH3COCOO−) is the conjugate base of pyruvic acid (CH3COCOOH). Pyruvate molecule contains three carbon atoms, therefore, it is a C3 molecule.

A reactant is defined as the substance that is initially present in the chemical reaction and gets consumed to form a new substance.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: To indicate whether the statement “lactate is the initial reactant for gluconeogenesis” concerning glucose metabolic pathways is true or false.

Concept introduction: Lactate is the conjugate base of lactic acid. The structure of lactate is as follows:

A reactant is defined as the substance that is initially present in the chemical reaction and gets consumed to form a new substance.

Gluconeogenesis is an eleven-step pathway in which glucose is produced from non-carbohydrate substances.

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: To indicate whether the statement “glycogen is the initial reactant for glycogenolysis” concerning glucose metabolic pathways is true or false.

Concept introduction: Glucose is a monosaccharide with the molecular formula C6H12O6. Glycogen is a polysaccharide of glucose. It serves as a form of carbohydrate storage in humans and animals. Glycogen is a source of glucose in humans and animals.

A reactant is defined as the substance that is initially present in the chemical reaction and gets consumed to form a new substance.

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: To indicate whether the statement “glucose 6−phosphate is the initial reactant for glycogenesis” concerning glucose metabolic pathways is true or false.

Concept introduction: Glucose is a monosaccharide with the molecular formula C6H12O6. Glycogen is a polysaccharide of glucose. It serves as a form of carbohydrate storage in humans and animals. Glycogen is a source of glucose in humans and animals.

A reactant is defined as the substance that is initially present in the chemical reaction and gets consumed to form a new substance.

Answer 6

Chapter 24, Problem 24.89EP

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: To indicate whether the statement “pyruvate is the initial reactant for glycolysis” concerning glucose metabolic pathways is true or false.

Concept introduction: Pyruvate (CH3COCOO−) is the conjugate base of pyruvic acid (CH3COCOOH). Pyruvate molecule contains three carbon atoms, therefore, it is a C3 molecule.

A reactant is defined as the substance that is initially present in the chemical reaction and gets consumed to form a new substance.

Answer 7

Chapter 24, Problem 24.89EP

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: To indicate whether the statement “pyruvate is the initial reactant for glycolysis” concerning glucose metabolic pathways is true or false.

Concept introduction: Pyruvate (CH3COCOO−) is the conjugate base of pyruvic acid (CH3COCOOH). Pyruvate molecule contains three carbon atoms, therefore, it is a C3 molecule.

A reactant is defined as the substance that is initially present in the chemical reaction and gets consumed to form a new substance.

Answer 8

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: To indicate whether the statement “lactate is the initial reactant for gluconeogenesis” concerning glucose metabolic pathways is true or false.

Concept introduction: Lactate is the conjugate base of lactic acid. The structure of lactate is as follows:

A reactant is defined as the substance that is initially present in the chemical reaction and gets consumed to form a new substance.

Gluconeogenesis is an eleven-step pathway in which glucose is produced from non-carbohydrate substances.

Answer 9

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: To indicate whether the statement “lactate is the initial reactant for gluconeogenesis” concerning glucose metabolic pathways is true or false.

Concept introduction: Lactate is the conjugate base of lactic acid. The structure of lactate is as follows:

A reactant is defined as the substance that is initially present in the chemical reaction and gets consumed to form a new substance.

Gluconeogenesis is an eleven-step pathway in which glucose is produced from non-carbohydrate substances.

Answer 10

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: To indicate whether the statement “glycogen is the initial reactant for glycogenolysis” concerning glucose metabolic pathways is true or false.

Concept introduction: Glucose is a monosaccharide with the molecular formula C6H12O6. Glycogen is a polysaccharide of glucose. It serves as a form of carbohydrate storage in humans and animals. Glycogen is a source of glucose in humans and animals.

A reactant is defined as the substance that is initially present in the chemical reaction and gets consumed to form a new substance.

Answer 11

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: To indicate whether the statement “glycogen is the initial reactant for glycogenolysis” concerning glucose metabolic pathways is true or false.

Concept introduction: Glucose is a monosaccharide with the molecular formula C6H12O6. Glycogen is a polysaccharide of glucose. It serves as a form of carbohydrate storage in humans and animals. Glycogen is a source of glucose in humans and animals.

A reactant is defined as the substance that is initially present in the chemical reaction and gets consumed to form a new substance.

Answer 12

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: To indicate whether the statement “glucose 6−phosphate is the initial reactant for glycogenesis” concerning glucose metabolic pathways is true or false.

Concept introduction: Glucose is a monosaccharide with the molecular formula C6H12O6. Glycogen is a polysaccharide of glucose. It serves as a form of carbohydrate storage in humans and animals. Glycogen is a source of glucose in humans and animals.

A reactant is defined as the substance that is initially present in the chemical reaction and gets consumed to form a new substance.

Answer 13

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: To indicate whether the statement “glucose 6−phosphate is the initial reactant for glycogenesis” concerning glucose metabolic pathways is true or false.

Concept introduction: Glucose is a monosaccharide with the molecular formula C6H12O6. Glycogen is a polysaccharide of glucose. It serves as a form of carbohydrate storage in humans and animals. Glycogen is a source of glucose in humans and animals.

A reactant is defined as the substance that is initially present in the chemical reaction and gets consumed to form a new substance.

Answer 14

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Answer 15

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Answer 16

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Answer 17

Ch. 24.1 - The primary site within the human body where...Ch. 24.1 - What is the first site within the human body where...Ch. 24.1 - What effect does gastric juice in the stomach have...Ch. 24.1 - Prob. 4QQ Ch. 24.1 - Which of the following substances is needed for...Ch. 24.2 - Prob. 1QQ Ch. 24.2 - Prob. 2QQ Ch. 24.2 - Prob. 3QQ Ch. 24.2 - Prob. 4QQ Ch. 24.2 - Prob. 5QQ

Solution Summary: The author analyzes whether the statement "pyruvate is the initial reactant for glycolysis" concerning glucose metabolic pathways is true or false.

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