Chapter 23.2, Problem 12R

To determine

To Describe: Chloroethane ( ${\text{C}}_2{\text{H}}_5\text{Cl}$ ) as a substituted hydrocarbon and draw its structure.

Explanation of Solution

Introduction: Substituted hydrocarbons are hydrocarbons in which one or more hydrogen atoms have been replaced with functional groups or other elements.

Cholorethane is formed by replacing a hydrogen atom of ethane by a chlorine atom.

Ethane has the molecular formula ${\text{C}}_2{\text{H}}_6$ and structural formula:

Replacing any one of the hydrogen atoms by a chlorine atom gives the molecular formula ${\text{C}}_2{\text{H}}_5\text{Cl}$ and the structural formula:

Thus, chloroethane is substituted hydrocarbon.

Conclusion: As chloroethane is formed by substitution of the chlorine atom in ethane, it is defined as a substituted hydrocarbon.