Concepts of Genetics (11th Edition)
11th Edition
ISBN: 9780321948915
Author: William S. Klug, Michael R. Cummings, Charlotte A. Spencer, Michael A. Palladino
Publisher: PEARSON
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Chapter 23, Problem 3PDQ
Define the following: (a) polygenic, (b) additive alleles, (c) correlation, (d) monozygotic and dizygotic twins, (e) heritability, (f) QTL, and (g) continuous variation.
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Which of the following choices accurately describe what makes one person different from another with regard to traits (such as height) that have a very high heritability?
Choose all that apply
a) What makes us different is not that we have different genes, but that we have different alleles of many of those genes
b) What makes us different from each other is that we have different genes from each other
c) Random factors during development is the most significant causes of differences between people
d) Most of us have exactly the same genes and alleles, and it’s the environment we were raised in that makes us different
e) None of the other choices are accurate
You are working with a hypothetical fly and have found color and wing
mutants. Preliminary work indicates that the mutant traits are recessive and
the associated genes are not sex-linked, but beyond that, you have no
information. You first look at 2 genes, each with 2 alleles. "B" or “b" for body
color and "W" or "w" for wing surface. The red-body phenotype is dominant
to the yellow-body phenotype and smooth wings are dominant to crinkled
wings.
Which of the following probabilities is correct (according to Mendel's law of independent assortment) regarding a mating of an Ss RR individual to an individual who is Ss Rr? (A – indicates the second allele is either dominant or recessive. A) Homozygous recessive: 10% B) Heterozygous both alleles: 50% C) ss R– : 15.5% D) S– RR: 37.5%
Chapter 23 Solutions
Concepts of Genetics (11th Edition)
Ch. 23 - A homozygous plant with 20-cm-diameter flowers is...Ch. 23 - The following table shows measurements for fiber...Ch. 23 - The following cable gives the percentage of twin...Ch. 23 - Prob. 1CSCh. 23 - Prob. 2CSCh. 23 - Prob. 3CSCh. 23 - HOW DO WE KNOW? In this chapter, we focused on a...Ch. 23 - CONCEPT QUESTION Review the Chapter Concepts list...Ch. 23 - Define the following: (a) polygenic, (b) additive...Ch. 23 - A dark-red strain and a white strain of wheat are...
Ch. 23 - Height in humans depends on the additive action of...Ch. 23 - An inbred strain of plants has a mean height of 24...Ch. 23 - Erma and Harvey were a compatible barnyard pair,...Ch. 23 - In the following table, average differences of...Ch. 23 - What kind of heritability estimates (broad sense...Ch. 23 - List as many human traits as you can that are...Ch. 23 - Corn plants from a test plot are measured, and the...Ch. 23 - The following variances were calculated for two...Ch. 23 - The mean and variance of plant height of two...Ch. 23 - Prob. 14PDQCh. 23 - Prob. 15PDQCh. 23 - In an assessment of learning in Drosophila, flies...Ch. 23 - Prob. 17PDQCh. 23 - Prob. 18PDQCh. 23 - In a population of 100 inbred, genotypically...Ch. 23 - Many traits of economic or medical significance...Ch. 23 - A 3-inch plant was crossed with a 15-inch plant,...Ch. 23 - In a cross between a strain of large guinea pigs...Ch. 23 - Type A1B brachydactyly (short middle phalanges) is...Ch. 23 - In a series of crosses between two true-breeding...Ch. 23 - Students in a genetics laboratory began an...Ch. 23 - Prob. 26ESPCh. 23 - Canine hip dysplasia is a quantitative trait that...Ch. 23 - Floral traits in plants often play key roles in...Ch. 23 - In 1988, Horst Wilkens investigated blind...
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- (C) 1/2 1/2 (D) 1/2 (E) 1/2 x 1/2 25. A couple has 5 children, all sons. If the woman gives birth to a sixth child, what is the probability that the sixth child will be a son? (A) 5/6 (В) 1/2 (C) 1/5 (D) 1/6 (E) 1/64 26. In sheep, eye color is controlled by a single gene with two alleles. When a homozygous brown-eyed sheep is crossed with a homozygous green-eyed sheep, blue-eyed offspring are produced. If the blue-cyed sheep are mated with each other, what percent of their offspring will most likely have brown eyes? (А) 0% (B) 25% (C) 50% (D) 75% (E) 100% 27. In peas the trait for tall plants is dominant (T) and the trait for short plants is recessive (t). The trait for yellow seed color is dominant (Y) and the trait for green seed color is recessive (y). A cross between two plants results in 296 tall yellow plants and 104 tall green plants. Which of the following are most likely to be the genotypes of the parents? (А) TTYҮ х TTҮҮ (В) Ттуу х ТТYу (C) TIYY x TIYy (D) TIYy x TTYY (E)…arrow_forwardUsing pedigree diagrams, calculate the inbreedingcoefficient (F ) for the offspring of (a) parent–offspringmatings; (b) first-cousin matings; (c) aunt–nephewor uncle–niece matings; (d) self-fertilization of ahermaphrodite.arrow_forwardGiven that the normal hemoglobin allele (H) is dominant to the sickle-cell allele (h), each time two Hh individuals have a child together, what is the chance that the child will have sickle-cell disease? (a) 0% (b) 75% (c) 25% (d) 50% (e) 100%arrow_forward
- Please define the following terms: 1.) Homozygous2.) Heterozygous3.) Genotype4.) Phenotype5.) Allelearrow_forwardWhich of the following can help explain how continuous variation in a trait can arise from underlying discrete Mendelian genetics (i.e. individual loci at which there are alleles with discrete effects on the phenotype)? O a) Co-dominance b) Meiotic drive c) Blending inheritance d) Multiple loci and the environment can affect expression of a trait e) The germ plasm theoryarrow_forward11) In the Hardy-Weinberg equation, which term refers to the heterozygous genotype? A) 2pq B) Q squared C) P squared D) 2pq squaredarrow_forward
- Consider the following human traits: Eye color: brown (B) is dominant over blue (b)Fingers: polydactylous (P) or extra fingers is dominant over normal (p) fingersHairline: widows peak (W) is dominant of normal (w) hairline A man with the genotype BBPpWW marries a woman with the genotype bbPpWw.What is the probability that they will have a: a. Baby boy? b. Child with blue eyes? c. Child with normal fingers? d. Child with widow’s peak?e. Baby girl with blue eyes? f. Baby boy with normal fingers?g. brown-eyed, polydactylous child?arrow_forwardIn which of the following cases a person can be heterozygous for a particular trait , and expresses both alleles of that trait ? a) sex-linked inheritance c ) incomplete dominance d) recessive inheritancearrow_forwardWhich of the following is not a phenotypic description of allele interactions affecting the expression of traits? A) incomplete dominance B) codominance C) polymorphic D) multifactorial E) pleiotrophicarrow_forward
- If a single expressed gene can affect multiple traits at once, what would be the most precise manner of referring to this phenomenon? a) Polygenic. b) Monogenic. c) Pleiotropic. d) Polytropic.arrow_forward24) If you were Gregor Mendel and observed that some green peas had a round texture and some green peas had a wrinkled texture, then this would support which theory? A) The law of segregation B) Incomplete dominance C) Some traits are dominant, while others are recessive D) The law of independent assortmentarrow_forwardIndividuals of genotype AaBb were crossed with aabb individuals. Approximately equal numbers of the following classes of offspring were produced: AaBb, Aabb, aaBb, and aabb. These results illustrate Mendel’s principle(s) of (a) linkage (b) independent assortment (c) segregation (d) a and c (e) b and carrow_forward
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