Chapter 23, Problem 23.34P

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Synthesis of benzylamine from the given starting material has to be shown.

Concept Introduction:

Preparation of imine:

An imine is a compound having $C=N$ bond that is formed by the reaction of a ketone or aldehyde and primary amine under mild acidic conditions with the elimination of water molecule.

Reduction: If electrons are gained to a species or hydrogen atoms are added to a species or oxygen atom gets removed from a species during a chemical reaction is known as reduction.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Synthesis of benzylamine from the given starting material has to be shown.

Concept Introduction:

Amide Hydrolysis: In presence of base, amide reacts with water to form the corresponding amine and carboxylic acid salt.

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Synthesis of benzylamine from the given starting material has to be shown.

Concept Introduction:

Preparation of amine: A primary amine is formed when an alkyl halide is reacted with excess ammonia.

Thionyl chloride: $SOC{l}_2$ is used convert to an alcohol to an alkyl halide.

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Synthesis of benzylamine from the given starting material has to be shown.

Concept Introduction:

Thionyl chloride: $SOC{l}_2$ is used convert to an alcohol to an alkyl halide.

(e)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Synthesis of benzylamine from the given starting material has to be shown.

Concept Introduction:

Acid chlorides are most often prepared by treating a carboxylic acid with thionyl chloride.

Amide Formation: Amide is formed when an acid chloride reacts with an amine or ammonia.

Here, the chlorine atom that is attached to the carbonyl carbon atom of the acid chloride is being replaced by $-N{H}_2$, $-NHR\text{'}$ or $-NR{\text{'}}_2$ group in the an amine or ammonia forming amide.

Reduction: If electrons are gained to a species or hydrogen atoms are added to a species or oxygen atom gets removed from a species during a chemical reaction is known as reduction. In a reaction, $LiAl{H}_4$ (Lithium aluminium hydride) is used as a reducing agent.

(f)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Synthesis of benzylamine from the given starting material has to be shown.

Concept Introduction:

Preparation of amide: An amide is formed when an ester is reacted with ammonia.

Reduction: If electrons are gained to a species or hydrogen atoms are added to a species or oxygen atom gets removed from a species during a chemical reaction is known as reduction. In a reaction, $LiAl{H}_4$ (Lithium aluminium hydride) is used as a reducing agent.