
(a)
Interpretation:
Given acid-base reaction has to be completed and the direction of equilibrium has to be predicted.
Concept introduction:
According to the explanations by Bronsted-Lowry, if a species loses a proton then it is an acid whereas if a species receives one proton, then it is base.
If a base receives one proton, then the formed species is a conjugate acid whereas an acid lose one proton, then the formed species is a conjugated base.
Mixture of acid and base undergoes equilibrium reaction and it’s
Weak acids are more stable and less reactive, so equilibrium follows the direction of formation weak acids in a reaction.
Lesser the
(a)

Explanation of Solution
Given reaction is shown below,
According to the explanations by Bronsted-Lowry, if a species loses a proton then it is an acid whereas if a species receives one proton, then it is base. If a base receives one proton, then the formed species is a conjugate acid whereas an acid lose one proton, then the formed species is a conjugated base.
Weak acid is more stable, equilibrium follows the direction of formation weak acids in a reaction. Long arrow indicates the direction where equilibrium favors.
Here, acetate anion is the weaker acid and equilibrium lies towards the right.
(b)
Interpretation:
Given acid-base reaction has to be completed and the direction of equilibrium has to be predicted.
Concept introduction:
According to the explanations by Bronsted-Lowry, if a species loses a proton then it is an acid whereas if a species receives one proton, then it is base.
If a base receives one proton, then the formed species is a conjugate acid whereas an acid lose one proton, then the formed species is a conjugated base.
Mixture of acid and base undergoes equilibrium reaction and it’s
Weak acids are more stable and less reactive, so equilibrium follows the direction of formation weak acids in a reaction.
Lesser the
(b)

Explanation of Solution
Given reaction is shown below,
According to the explanations by Bronsted-Lowry, if a species loses a proton then it is an acid whereas if a species receives one proton, then it is base. If a base receives one proton, then the formed species is a conjugate acid whereas an acid lose one proton, then the formed species is a conjugated base.
Weak acid is more stable, equilibrium follows the direction of formation weak acids in a reaction. Long arrow indicates the direction where equilibrium favors.
Here, triethylammonium cation is the weaker acid and equilibrium lies towards the right.
(c)
Interpretation:
Given acid-base reaction has to be completed and the direction of equilibrium has to be predicted.
Concept introduction:
According to the explanations by Bronsted-Lowry, if a species loses a proton then it is an acid whereas if a species receives one proton, then it is base.
If a base receives one proton, then the formed species is a conjugate acid whereas an acid lose one proton, then the formed species is a conjugated base.
Mixture of acid and base undergoes equilibrium reaction and it’s
Weak acids are more stable and less reactive, so equilibrium follows the direction of formation weak acids in a reaction.
Lesser the
(c)

Explanation of Solution
Given reaction is shown below,
According to the explanations by Bronsted-Lowry, if a species loses a proton then it is an acid whereas if a species receives one proton, then it is base. If a base receives one proton, then the formed species is a conjugate acid whereas an acid lose one proton, then the formed species is a conjugated base.
Weak acid is more stable, equilibrium follows the direction of formation weak acids in a reaction. Long arrow indicates the direction where equilibrium favors.
Here, phenyl acetylene is the weaker acid and equilibrium lies towards the left.
(d)
Interpretation:
Given acid-base reaction has to be completed and the direction of equilibrium has to be predicted.
Concept introduction:
According to the explanations by Bronsted-Lowry, if a species loses a proton then it is an acid whereas if a species receives one proton, then it is base.
If a base receives one proton, then the formed species is a conjugate acid whereas an acid lose one proton, then the formed species is a conjugated base.
Mixture of acid and base undergoes equilibrium reaction and it’s
Weak acids are more stable and less reactive, so equilibrium follows the direction of formation weak acids in a reaction.
Lesser the
(d)

Explanation of Solution
Given reaction is shown below,
According to the explanations by Bronsted-Lowry, if a species loses a proton then it is an acid whereas if a species receives one proton, then it is base. If a base receives one proton, then the formed species is a conjugate acid whereas an acid lose one proton, then the formed species is a conjugated base.
Weak acid is more stable, equilibrium follows the direction of formation weak acids in a reaction. Long arrow indicates the direction where equilibrium favors.
Here,
(e)
Interpretation:
Given acid-base reaction has to be completed and the direction of equilibrium has to be predicted.
Concept introduction:
According to the explanations by Bronsted-Lowry, if a species loses a proton then it is an acid whereas if a species receives one proton, then it is base.
If a base receives one proton, then the formed species is a conjugate acid whereas an acid lose one proton, then the formed species is a conjugated base.
Mixture of acid and base undergoes equilibrium reaction and it’s
Weak acids are more stable and less reactive, so equilibrium follows the direction of formation weak acids in a reaction.
Lesser the
(e)

Explanation of Solution
Given reaction is shown below,
According to the explanations by Bronsted-Lowry, if a species loses a proton then it is an acid whereas if a species receives one proton, then it is base. If a base receives one proton, then the formed species is a conjugate acid whereas an acid lose one proton, then the formed species is a conjugated base.
Weak acid is more stable, equilibrium follows the direction of formation weak acids in a reaction. Long arrow indicates the direction where equilibrium favors.
Here, triethylammonium chloride is the weaker acid and equilibrium lies towards the left.
(f)
Interpretation:
Given acid-base reaction has to be completed and the direction of equilibrium has to be predicted.
Concept introduction:
According to the explanations by Bronsted-Lowry, if a species loses a proton then it is an acid whereas if a species receives one proton, then it is base.
If a base receives one proton, then the formed species is a conjugate acid whereas an acid lose one proton, then the formed species is a conjugated base.
Mixture of acid and base undergoes equilibrium reaction and it’s
Weak acids are more stable and less reactive, so equilibrium follows the direction of formation weak acids in a reaction.
Lesser the
(f)

Explanation of Solution
Given reaction is shown below,
According to the explanations by Bronsted-Lowry, if a species loses a proton then it is an acid whereas if a species receives one proton, then it is base. If a base receives one proton, then the formed species is a conjugate acid whereas an acid lose one proton, then the formed species is a conjugated base.
Weak acid is more stable, equilibrium follows the direction of formation weak acids in a reaction. Long arrow indicates the direction where equilibrium favors.
Here, 1-phenyl-2-propanammonium ion is the weaker acid and equilibrium lies towards the right.
(g)
Interpretation:
Given acid-base reaction has to be completed and the direction of equilibrium has to be predicted.
Concept introduction:
According to the explanations by Bronsted-Lowry, if a species loses a proton then it is an acid whereas if a species receives one proton, then it is base.
If a base receives one proton, then the formed species is a conjugate acid whereas an acid lose one proton, then the formed species is a conjugated base.
Mixture of acid and base undergoes equilibrium reaction and it’s
Weak acids are more stable and less reactive, so equilibrium follows the direction of formation weak acids in a reaction.
Lesser the
(g)

Explanation of Solution
Given reaction is shown below,
According to the explanations by Bronsted-Lowry, if a species loses a proton then it is an acid whereas if a species receives one proton, then it is base. If a base receives one proton, then the formed species is a conjugate acid whereas an acid lose one proton, then the formed species is a conjugated base.
Weak acid is more stable, equilibrium follows the direction of formation weak acids in a reaction. Long arrow indicates the direction where equilibrium favors.
Here, amphetamine hydrochloride is the weaker acid and equilibrium lies towards the left.
(h)
Interpretation:
Given acid-base reaction has to be completed and the direction of equilibrium has to be predicted.
Concept introduction:
According to the explanations by Bronsted-Lowry, if a species loses a proton then it is an acid whereas if a species receives one proton, then it is base.
If a base receives one proton, then the formed species is a conjugate acid whereas an acid lose one proton, then the formed species is a conjugated base.
Mixture of acid and base undergoes equilibrium reaction and it’s
Weak acids are more stable and less reactive, so equilibrium follows the direction of formation weak acids in a reaction.
Lesser the
(h)

Explanation of Solution
Given reaction is shown below,
According to the explanations by Bronsted-Lowry, if a species loses a proton then it is an acid whereas if a species receives one proton, then it is base. If a base receives one proton, then the formed species is a conjugate acid whereas an acid lose one proton, then the formed species is a conjugated base.
Weak acid is more stable, equilibrium follows the direction of formation weak acids in a reaction. Long arrow indicates the direction where equilibrium favors.
Here, water is the weaker acid and equilibrium lies towards the right.
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Chapter 23 Solutions
Organic Chemistry
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