Organic Chemistry Study Guide and Solutions
6th Edition
ISBN: 9781936221868
Author: Marc Loudon, Jim Parise
Publisher: W. H. Freeman
expand_more
expand_more
format_list_bulleted
Question
Chapter 22, Problem 22.34P
Interpretation Introduction
(a)
Interpretation:
The species X is to be identified.
Concept Introduction:
Fatty acid biosynthesis takes place by Claisen condensation reaction. Fatty acid degradation will be reverse of the Claisen condensation reaction. Claisen condensation is the condensation reaction of two
Interpretation Introduction
(b)
Interpretation:
The curved arrow mechanism for the degradation of the fatty acid is to be shown.
Concept Introduction:
Fatty acid biosynthesis takes place by Claisen condensation reaction. Fatty acid degradation will be reverse of the Claisen condensation reaction. Claisen condensation is the condensation reaction of two ketone or ester groups.
Interpretation Introduction
(c)
Interpretation:
The relationship between the given reaction and Claisen condensation is to be stated.
Concept-Introduction:
Fatty acid biosynthesis takes place by Claisen condensation reaction. Fatty acid degradation will be reverse of the Claisen condensation reaction. Claisen condensation is the condensation reaction of two ketone or ester groups.
Expert Solution & Answer
Want to see the full answer?
Check out a sample textbook solution
Students have asked these similar questions
A key step in the hydrolysis of acetamide in aqueous acid proceeds by nucleophilic addition of
* OH
(a) H3O* to CH3Ĉ NH2
(b) H2O to CH3ČNH2
+ OH
+OH
(c) H3O* to CH,ČNH2
(d) HO¯ to CH3CNH2
Predict the products of self-condensation of the following esters.(a) methyl propanoate + NaOCH3 (b) ethyl phenylacetate + NaOCH2CH3
Gamma glutamyl phosphate is formed as an intermediate in the conversion of glutamate to glutamine by the enzyme glutamine synthetase because _
(a) it is a nucleophile
(b) it is unstable in water
(c) it has a large negative free energy
(d) it is positively charged
Chapter 22 Solutions
Organic Chemistry Study Guide and Solutions
Ch. 22 - Prob. 22.1PCh. 22 - Prob. 22.2PCh. 22 - Prob. 22.3PCh. 22 - Prob. 22.4PCh. 22 - Prob. 22.5PCh. 22 - Prob. 22.6PCh. 22 - Prob. 22.7PCh. 22 - Prob. 22.8PCh. 22 - Prob. 22.9PCh. 22 - Prob. 22.10P
Ch. 22 - Prob. 22.11PCh. 22 - Prob. 22.12PCh. 22 - Prob. 22.13PCh. 22 - Prob. 22.14PCh. 22 - Prob. 22.15PCh. 22 - Prob. 22.16PCh. 22 - Prob. 22.17PCh. 22 - Prob. 22.18PCh. 22 - Prob. 22.19PCh. 22 - Prob. 22.20PCh. 22 - Prob. 22.21PCh. 22 - Prob. 22.22PCh. 22 - Prob. 22.23PCh. 22 - Prob. 22.24PCh. 22 - Prob. 22.25PCh. 22 - Prob. 22.26PCh. 22 - Prob. 22.27PCh. 22 - Prob. 22.28PCh. 22 - Prob. 22.29PCh. 22 - Prob. 22.30PCh. 22 - Prob. 22.31PCh. 22 - Prob. 22.32PCh. 22 - Prob. 22.33PCh. 22 - Prob. 22.34PCh. 22 - Prob. 22.35PCh. 22 - Prob. 22.36PCh. 22 - Prob. 22.37PCh. 22 - Prob. 22.38PCh. 22 - Prob. 22.39PCh. 22 - Prob. 22.40PCh. 22 - Prob. 22.41PCh. 22 - Prob. 22.42PCh. 22 - Prob. 22.43PCh. 22 - Prob. 22.44PCh. 22 - Prob. 22.45PCh. 22 - Prob. 22.46PCh. 22 - Prob. 22.47PCh. 22 - Prob. 22.48PCh. 22 - Prob. 22.49PCh. 22 - Prob. 22.50PCh. 22 - Prob. 22.51PCh. 22 - Prob. 22.52PCh. 22 - Prob. 22.53PCh. 22 - Prob. 22.54PCh. 22 - Prob. 22.55APCh. 22 - Prob. 22.56APCh. 22 - Prob. 22.57APCh. 22 - Prob. 22.58APCh. 22 - Prob. 22.59APCh. 22 - Prob. 22.60APCh. 22 - Prob. 22.61APCh. 22 - Prob. 22.62APCh. 22 - Prob. 22.63APCh. 22 - Prob. 22.64APCh. 22 - Prob. 22.65APCh. 22 - Prob. 22.66APCh. 22 - Prob. 22.67APCh. 22 - Prob. 22.68APCh. 22 - Prob. 22.69APCh. 22 - Prob. 22.70APCh. 22 - Prob. 22.71APCh. 22 - Prob. 22.72APCh. 22 - Prob. 22.73APCh. 22 - Prob. 22.74APCh. 22 - Prob. 22.75APCh. 22 - Prob. 22.76APCh. 22 - Prob. 22.77APCh. 22 - Prob. 22.78APCh. 22 - Prob. 22.79APCh. 22 - Prob. 22.80APCh. 22 - Prob. 22.81APCh. 22 - Prob. 22.82APCh. 22 - Prob. 22.83APCh. 22 - Prob. 22.84APCh. 22 - Prob. 22.85APCh. 22 - Prob. 22.86APCh. 22 - Prob. 22.87APCh. 22 - Prob. 22.88APCh. 22 - Prob. 22.89APCh. 22 - Prob. 22.90APCh. 22 - Prob. 22.91APCh. 22 - Prob. 22.92APCh. 22 - Prob. 22.93APCh. 22 - Prob. 22.94APCh. 22 - Prob. 22.95APCh. 22 - Prob. 22.96APCh. 22 - Prob. 22.97APCh. 22 - Prob. 22.98AP
Knowledge Booster
Similar questions
- (a) What is the difference between the hormones progesterone and testosterone? (b) Draw the structure of a a steroid nucleus. (c) Give the products obtained from complete base hydrolysis in the following reaction: O || CH,−O−C−(CH2)14–CH3 O CH–0–C−(CH2)14—CH3 + 3 NaOH O CH,−0–C−(CH2)14–CH3arrow_forwardFollowing are the steps in the industrial synthesis of glycerin. Provide structures for all intermediate compounds (AD) and describe the type of mechanism by which each is formed.arrow_forwardprovide the structure of the intermediate and product for the following reaction : (c) H CH,OH/H (C)arrow_forward
- Many primary amines, RNH2, where R is a carboncontainingfragment such as CH3, CH3CH2, and so on,undergo reactions where the transition state is tetrahedral.(a) Draw a hybrid orbital picture to visualize thebonding at the nitrogen in a primary amine (just use a Catom for “R”). (b) What kind of reactant with a primaryamine can produce a tetrahedral intermediate?arrow_forwarddraw the organic products you would expect to isolate, from the following reactions (after hydrolysis)arrow_forwardWrite a structural formula for each of the following compounds: (a) m-Chlorobenzoyl chloride (b) Trifluoroacetic anhydride (c) cis-1,2-Cyclopropanedicarboxylic anhydride (d) Ethyl cycloheptanecarboxylate (e) 1-Phenylethyl acetate (f) 2-Phenylethyl acetate (g) p-Ethylbenzamide (h) N-Ethylbenzamide (i) 2-Methylhexanenitrilearrow_forward
- Draw structures corresponding to the following names: (a) 3-hydroxyhexanoic acid (b) 2-iodo-2-methyloctanoic acid (c) 2-butynoic acid (d) 5-ethyl-6-oxoheptanoic acid (e) o-Hydroxybenzoic acid (f) cis-3-isopropylcyclohexanecarboxylic acidarrow_forwardPlease draw the skeletal formula of the following compounds: (A) Isobutyraldehyde (B) α-Ethyl-γ-methoxycaproaldehyde (C) 6-Hydroxyhexanal (D) 2,4-Pentanedione (E)3-Cyano-7-oxoheptanoic acidarrow_forwardAcetylcholine esterase is an important enzyme in neural synaptic signal transmission. It breaks down the neurotransmitter acetylcholine after it binds the acetylcholine receptor. Its active site has the same features used by serine proteases. Here is the reaction catalyzed by Acetylcholine esterase: Acetylcholine Choline OH Acetate + H Acetylcholine is an ester, while peptide bonds cleaved by proteases are amides. How should acetylcholine estease's mechanism accommodate this? This cannot be determined from the information presented in class and in this question. For amides, the amide nitrogen is deprotonate to make it more like an ester. The same mechanism cleaves deprotonated amides and esters. No changes are needed. The mechanism same works for esters and amides. Prior to cleavage, a transamination converts the ester to an amide. The esterase will make a covalent intermediate to an amine to create the amide to be cleaved.arrow_forward
- Which of the following compounds are capable of being resolved into enantiomers?(a) N-ethyl-N-methylaniline (b) 2-methylpiperidine (c) 1-methylpiperidine (d) 1,2,2-trimethylaziridinearrow_forwardProvide the correct structure from the IUPAC name. (a) 2-aminocyclopropanecarboxylic acid (b) 3-mercapto-5-oxoheptanal (c) Propyl 2,2,4-trimethyloct-4-enoate (d) 4-oxocycloheptanecarbaldehyde (e) N,N,4,4-tetraethylhexanamide (f) Acetic pentanoic anhydride (g) Acetyl chloride (h) Methyl 3,3-diethyl-6-octynoatearrow_forward(a) Which of the following drugs is more hydrolytically labile? Briefly explain. OH H OH مممممم CO₂H Clavulanic acid Loperamide (b) For each of the above drugs, indicate ONE functional group that is prone to oxidation. (c) One of the degradation products of clavulanic acid in an acidic environment is the following: HO₂C OH HN CO₂H Draw the mechanism of this degradation reaction.arrow_forward
arrow_back_ios
SEE MORE QUESTIONS
arrow_forward_ios
Recommended textbooks for you
Organic ChemistryChemistryISBN:9781305580350Author:William H. Brown, Brent L. Iverson, Eric Anslyn, Christopher S. FootePublisher:Cengage Learning
Introduction to General, Organic and BiochemistryChemistryISBN:9781285869759Author:Frederick A. Bettelheim, William H. Brown, Mary K. Campbell, Shawn O. Farrell, Omar TorresPublisher:Cengage Learning
Organic Chemistry
Chemistry
ISBN:9781305580350
Author:William H. Brown, Brent L. Iverson, Eric Anslyn, Christopher S. Foote
Publisher:Cengage Learning
Introduction to General, Organic and Biochemistry
Chemistry
ISBN:9781285869759
Author:Frederick A. Bettelheim, William H. Brown, Mary K. Campbell, Shawn O. Farrell, Omar Torres
Publisher:Cengage Learning